Transcript Warm-up: What external or environmental factors can cause

Mon. 5/9/2011
Warm-up:
What external or
environmental
factors can
cause diseases
and health
problems?
Ready, set, go…
• Take out a sheet of paper
• Groups for station rotations
• At reading stations:
– Identify organ/site, function, external
factor, effect on organ/site
• At lab stations:
– Record materials, 2 scenarios,
observations of before & after, etc.
Science Stations
• Lab Station 1:
– Pour water on one sponge
– Pour honey on other sponge
• Lab Station 2:
– Pour water in one filter
– Pour sandy water in other filter
• Lab Station 3 (at faucet):
– Turn water on, into tube with valves
open (blue knob up)
– Turn water on, into tube with valves
closed (blue knobs to right)
Can you match them?
• Look at your observations from
the lab stations and your notes
from the reading stations
• In your groups, try matching the
scenarios: each lab station to its
partner reading station
• Take notes on your matches and
the reason for pairing them
For tomorrow…
• Have your matches ready and
your reasons prepared
• In your groups, you will be
presenting your matches to the
class and defending them
Tues. 5/10/2011
Warm-up:
Discuss different
drug, alcohol
or tobacco
advertisements
you have seen.
What were they
showing? Should
there be more
regulation?
Tues. 5/10/2011
Review:
Review
yesterday’s
lab activities:
your matches &
reasons
Taking notes…
• Take out sheet of paper
• For each of the 3 categories (alcohol
smoking, drugs), write some facts,
statistics, key words/vocabulary,
and diseases
A depressant – substances that diminish
functional activity, usually by
depressing(slowing) the nervous system
Examples of other depressants:
•sedatives
•opiates
•Alcohol is absorbed by the
stomach, enters the bloodstream
and all body tissues
•The effects depend on a person’s
age, weight, sex, food intake, and
amount consumed
•Effects include: disinhibition,
dizziness, slurred speech, nausea,
vomiting, impaired
judgment/coordination, &
aggressive behaviors, alcohol
poisoning (death)
•Brain damage
•Stroke
•Addiction
•Severe withdrawal
(seizures, tremors, hallucinations)
•Heart disease
•Stomach ulcers
•Liver disease
•Cancer
•Impotence/infertility
Alcohol Facts
• 11 million American youth under the age of 21
drink alcohol
• Alcohol is the most frequently used drug by high
school seniors, and its use is increasing
• Underage drinking is a factor in nearly half of all
teen automobile crashes, the leading cause of
death among teenagers
• Alcohol use contributes to youth suicides,
homicides and fatal injuries – the leading cause of
death among youth after auto crashes
• Alcohol abuse is linked to as many as two-thirds
of all sexual assaults and date rapes of teens and
college students
Alcohol Video
The Effects
of
Smoking
Tobacco Facts
• About 47 million adults in the US smokeeven though ½ of these users will
experience death or disability because of
it!
• Cigarette smoking is the single most
preventable cause of premature death in
the US
• Each year 430,000 Americans die from
smoking
• 1 in 5 deaths in the US is smoking related
Since the Surgeon General’s
Report in 1964
• 10 million people have died from causes
attributed to smoking (heart disease,
emphysema)
– 2 million were from lung cancer
• Smoking TRIPLES the risk of dying from heart
disease
• Smokers die about seven years earlier than
non-smokers
Starting
Early…
• 80% of adult smokers state that they
starting smoking before the age of 18. (you
must be 18 in order to purchase cigarettes
legally!)
• Every day, nearly 3000 young people
become regular smokers
• 70% of adolescent smokers say they
would have never started if they could
choose again.
• Stains the teeth
• Reduces the body’s
ability to taste and
smell
• Increases
wrinkling of skin
Healthy! (non-smoker)
(smoker)
Not Healthy!
Tobacco Facts
• Cigarette smoke contains over 4,800 chemicals, 69 of which are
known to cause cancer. Smoking is directly responsible for
approximately 90 percent of lung cancer deaths
• About 8.6 million people in the U.S. have at least one serious illness
caused by smoking
• The list of diseases caused by smoking includes chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, abdominal
aortic aneurysm, acute myeloid leukemia, cataract, pneumonia,
periodontitis, and bladder, esophageal, laryngeal, lung, oral, throat,
cervical, kidney, stomach, and pancreatic cancers. Smoking is also
a major factor in a variety of other conditions and disorders,
including slowed healing of wounds, infertility, and peptic ulcer
disease
• In 2007, 20 percent of high school students were current smokers.
Over 6 percent of middle school students were current smokers in
2006
• Secondhand smoke, known human carcinogen, responsible for
approximately 3,400 lung cancer deaths and 46,000 heart disease
deaths in adult nonsmokers annually in the United States.
Smoking Video
Drugs
& the
Teen
Brain
Pleasure/Reward Circuit
• Brain chemicals are released that give
“good” feelings to insure survival (eating,
positive self-esteem, sexual behavior)
• Dopamine is the brain’s “pleasure”
chemical
• Addictive drugs affect this system in our
brain
Neurons
Have 4 main parts:
• Central body: directs ALL the nerve’s
activity
• Dendrites: receive message and relay to
cell body
• Axons: Send messages to dendrites
• Myelin: increases transmission rate from
2 m/s to 120 m/s
What happens if the Myelin sheath is
damaged by drugs?
Synapses
• Where axons & dendrites “touch” (kinda)
• Chemicals called neurotransmitters are released
from axons to dendrite
• “Key/Lock” bond (each has unique fit)
• Drugs can:
- MIMIC (copy) the effect of a neurotransmitter
- BLOCK receptors
- Cause OVERPRODUCTION of
neurotransmitters
Drug Facts
•
•
•
•
•
21.8 million Americans (8.7%) aged 12 or older were current (past
month) users of illicit drugs in 2009
Of the 21.8 million Americans aged 12 or older who were current
users of illicit drugs in 2009, 16.7 million (77%) were current users
of marijuana, making it the most commonly used illicit drug
Cocaine abusers can experience acute cardiovascular or
cerebrovascular emergencies, such as a heart attack or stroke,
which may cause sudden death
Long-term methamphetamine abuse has many negative health
consequences, including extreme weight loss, severe dental
problems, anxiety, confusion, insomnia, mood disturbances,
paranoia, delusions and violent behavior
One study in primates showed that exposure to MDMA (Ecstasy)
for only 4 days caused damage to serotonin nerve terminals that
was still present 6 to 7 years later
Drug Video
“Anti” Ad
• Come up with an anti ad for only
one of the 3 (alcohol, smoking, drugs)
• Need to have:
– At least 1 fact
– At least 1 statistic
– Slogan
– Picture/drawing
– Creativity