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Complementary and Alternative Medicine Presentation by: Terry Chhour Leah Lopez Polly Peru Mark Reyes Rachelle Sebastian Learning Objectives: ● Provide current research information on the potential scientifically demonstrated functions of turmeric concerning its effectiveness on preventing type 2 diabetes ● Traditional and modern uses ● Impeding its devastating complications due to turmeric’s ability to regulate insulin activity and improve glucose control. Turmeric ● Turmeric has been used as an aromatic spice in Middle Eastern and Southeast Asian cooking ● Medicinal instrument in complementary health practices for over 6,000 years. ● Complementary health practitioners use turmeric in the treatment of many chronic illnesses such as diseases of the eye, cancer, osteoarthritis, ailments of the digestive system, inflammation, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Description ● Turmeric is extracted from the rhizome (root) of the plant Curcuma Longa. ➢ The rhizomes are boiled in water, drained, dried, and grounded into turmeric powder ● Dried turmeric rhizomes yields 1.5-5% of essential oils, which are responsible for its aromatic taste and smell ● The yellow color is derived from curcumin, which is the most active component of the spice, and it makes up 2-5% of the spice. Traditional and Modern Uses •Turmeric was regarded as the herb of the sun and was viewed sacred. • Turmeric is a major ingredient of curry powder and is used in prepared mustard. A therapeutic agent in both the Indian and Chinese systems of medicine ❖ Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): liver problems, menstrual difficulties, bloody urine, hemorrhage, toothache, bruises and sores, chest pain and colic ❖ Ayurveda: acne, psoriasis, dermatitis, rash, ulcers, and wounds • It is also used extensively in many food products, including baked goods, meat and meat products, condiments and relishes, fats and oils, egg products, soups, and gravies. • Turmeric (curcumin) is now marketed in the form of capsules, tablets, ointments, energy drinks, soaps, and cosmetics. •Turmeric in Indian cuisine • A beauty agent • Several clinical reports states that curcumin even at a high dose of 1000-2000 mg/day does not produce any harmful effect on human body (Choudhary et. al., 2013). Turmeric in Capsules ● Meriva®, a lecithinized formulation of curcumin was well tolerated, and preliminary findings suggest its usefulness in the management of diabetic microangiopathy ● Super Bio-Curcumin® which absorbs up to seven times better than conventional curcumin represents the most cost-effective way to achieve greater peak blood levels ● Each 400 mg capsule of Super Bio- Curcumin® is equivalent to 2,772 mg of a typical 95% curcumin extract Effectiveness and Efficacy • • • • Improved beta-cell function Prevented beta-cell degradation Reduced inflammation by: • Reducing C-reactive proteins • Downregulation of inflammatory cytokines (tnf-a, leptin, and resistin) Prevented T2DM on prediabetics • (Chuangsemarn et al., 2012) • Significant decrease in fasting blood glucose levels and insulin resistance Decrease in serum total levels of: • FFAs • TAGs • Increase in lipoprotein lipase activity (LPL) (Na et al., 2013) Nutrition Facts 100 g of turmeric contains : 390 kcal 10 g total fat 3 g saturated fat 0 mg cholesterol 0.2 g calcium 0.26 g phosphorous 10 mg sodium, 2500 mg potassium 47.5 mg iron 0.9 mg thiamin 0.19 mg riboflavin 4.8 mg niacin 50 mg ascorbic acid, 69.9 g total carbohydrates 21 g dietary fiber 3 g sugars 8 g protein Turmeric is also a good source of the ω-3 fatty acid and α-linolenic acid. Commercial curcumin contains approximately 77% curcumin, 17% demethoxycurcumin, and 3% bisdemethoxycurcumin Drug Interaction and Side Effects ● Diabetic Hypoglycemic Drugs ● Anticoagulant Drugs ● Pregnant and Nursing Women Discussion and Conclusion ● Turmeric is a Middle Eastern, Southeast Asian spice. ● Turmeric is biochemically, composed of Curcumin, Demethoxycurcumin, and Bisdemethoxycurcumin; known as Curcuminoids ● Benefits: - Help control blood glucose levels -Anti- inflammatory, Antioxidant, -Reduces free fatty acids in serum -No known adverse effects in high doses ● Limitations? - Not bioavailable - Supplement, rather than food additive - Most studies are on animals - Turmeric is not as prevalent in Western countries - If it was, shown to be beneficial for Prediabetic and diabetic populations Questions?