Transcript Career Deviant or Deviant Careers?

Career Deviant or Deviant Careers?
What is the meaning of a Deviant Career?
All persons judged as deviant follow a career
process marked by several stages.
Among the stages are:
• Entry
• Mobility or maturity
•Exit
Comparison to other Careers
Analogy to “Respectable” Careers
• 4 Stages to respectable Career:
– Entry: busy work, low pay, low
power/authority, long hours
– Mobility: Career climb ; on the job experience,
gratification; still career uncertainty
– Zenith: Important assignments; increased
authority; security and pay are at a peak
– Coasting to Retirement: Prestige still high;
work assignments decreasing
Note: What are the typical ages for each stage?
Comparison to other Careers
• Deviant Career:
– Rapid Upward Mobility: No Credentials required
to start young with little educ.; Most deviant
careers favor youth b/c of willingness to take on
risk among youth.
– More Frequent Shifts: Most jump from “job” to
“job” – shifts vary.
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Lateral Shift: Same scene new job
Vertical Shift: Move up or down in status
Context Shift: New scene, same activity
Additional Activities
Short to Long term Commitment varies
Comparison to other Careers
• Deviant Career:
– Earlier Decline:
Police record acquired early in life creates
problems.
Loss of networking connections /decreasing
physical capacity discourages deviant lifestyle
– Wanting Out: 2 Factors
• Push Out: Aging, Medical, Burn-out, Criminal
Record
• Pull Out: Family, Links to respectable circles, Legit.
Work opportunities
Careers in Deviance
• Reserve 9. Careers in Deviance (Best & Luckenbill)
– Career Concept
• ENTERING the Career:
– 40. Gay Male Christian Couples and Sexual
Exclusivity:
***DROP***
– Reserve 10. Marks of Mischief : Becoming and
Being Tattooed (Sanders)
• DISCUSS
– 39. Joining a Gang: Being Deviant. (Jankowski)
• DISCUSS
Social Organization of Deviance: Street Gangs
• Social Disorganization Theory
• Chicago School of Sociology (early 1900s)
• Emphasizes Ecological Elements in the
Urban Environment
• Immigrant Questions:
– Allow immigrants into US or not?
– Genetic differences in immigrants versus
“native born” Americans ?
– Scapegoating social problems (see Ch. 16)
Sociology Organization of Deviance:
Street Gangs
• Model of the ecological process (Park and
Burgess)
– Concentric Zone Model of urban development
• Zone of Transition
• http://www.csiss.org/classics/content/26
– Metro Reef Pattern
Sociology Organization of Deviance:
Street Gangs
• Mapping incidents of Delinquency
(55,000 over 30 years)
• Shaw & McKay observe spatial patterns in
places where delinquency is clustered
• Spatial pattern of crime is stable
Sociology Organization of Deviance:
Street Gangs
• Ecological features of Zone of Transition:
– Crime rate
– Economic depression
– Physical deterioration (housing)
– Single parent households
– High % of renters (vs. owners)
– Heterogeneity (a.k.a ethnic diversity)
– Spatial Mobility
Sociology Organization of
Deviance: Street Gangs
• Ethnic Succession
– Poor are powerless to resist “invasion” of those prone to
illegal behavior
– Poor can not resist those who are culturally different
• New immigrant waves
• Gentrification
• Cultural Transmission
– Criminogenic social disorganization takes root
– “Traditions of Crime” are developed & passed on
(Subcultural Theories – Sutherland, W. Miller, etc.)
– Structures of Criminal Opportunity: Access to Illegitimate
Means focused on street (Drug & Property) crime and
violent crime
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Sociology Organization of Deviance:
Street Gangs
(Sub)Culture Conflict (Miller 1958)
Working class values: “Focal Concerns”
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Trouble
Toughness
Smartness
Excitement
Fate
Autonomy
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Have other values developed since the 1950s?
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What values are evident in the reading by Jody Miller on Gender, Victimization &
Gangs (Ch. 31)?
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How is masculinity and gender related to gang membership and member values?
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How about Jankowski in Ch. 37 “Join a Gang”?
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How about in Godson & Olson’s “International Organized Crime” (Ch. 31)?
Exiting A Deviant Career
• 41. Shifts & Oscillations in Deviant
Careers: Upper Level Drug Dealers &
Smugglers (Adler & Adler)
• 42. Exiting Child Molesting (Pryor)