Transcript Delta NWA Implementation Overview

The Drug Czar
‘What a Chemistry Minor in College Gets You’
Or
‘You Can’t Beat a Drug Test’
Overview
Background
U.S. Department of Transportation Testing
General Chemistry in the Workplace
Drug Czar Q+A (I’ve never been stumped)
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Personal Background
High School
College
U.S. Navy
Northwest Airlines / Delta Air Lines
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U.S Dept of Transportation (DOT) Testing
Safety-Sensitive Functions
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Pilots
Flight Attendants
Mechanics
Dispatchers
Ground Security Coordinators
Security Screeners
Flight Instructors
Air Traffic Controllers
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U.S Dept of Transportation (DOT) Testing
Safety-Sensitive Functions
• Commercial Motor Vehicle Drivers (truck drivers)
• Hazardous materials operators (pipelines)
• Railroad operators (engineers, conductors)
• Mass transit (bus drivers, light rail engineers)
• Nuclear power plant operators.
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U.S Dept of Transportation (DOT) Testing
Alcohol
• Pre-duty and on-duty, prohibited.
Prohibited Classes of Drugs
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Marijuana
Cocaine
Amphetamines
PCP
Opiates
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U.S Dept of Transportation (DOT) Testing
Prohibited Classes of Drugs
• Marijuana metabolite
– Delta-9-tetrahydocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THC)
– 15 ng/mL
• Cocaine metabolite
– Benzoylecgonine
– 150 ng/mL
• Amphetamines
– Methamphetamine
– 500 ng/mL
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U.S Dept of Transportation (DOT) Testing
Prohibited Classes of Drugs
• PCP (Phencyclidine)
– 25 ng/mL
• Opiate metabolites
– Codeine, Morphine
• 2000 ng/mL
– 6acetylmorphine
• 10 ng/mL
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General Chemistry in the Workplace
Point of Collection
• Sample volume
– 45 mls
• Specimen production time
– 4 minutes
• Specimen temperature
– 90 – 100 degrees F
• Color / Odor
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General Chemistry in the Workplace
Laboratory Testing
• Validity Testing
• Initial Screening (Immunoassay).
– Negatives >>> negative (>95%).
– Non-negative >>> confirmation process.
• Confirmation process.
– Gas Chromatography
– Mass Spectroscopy
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General Chemistry in the Workplace
Validity Testing
• pH
– Normal 4.0 – 9.0.
• Specific Gravity (density relative to water)
– Normal 1.003 – 1.030.
• Creatinine
– >20 mg/dl.
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General Chemistry in the Workplace
Oxidizing & Adulterant Agents
• PCC (pyridinium chlorochromate)
– UrineLuck (hexa-valent)
– Chromax (chromium picolinate – tri-valent) OK.
• Glutaraldehyde
– UrineAid, Clear Choice
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General Chemistry in the Workplace
Oxidizing & Adulterant Agents
• Nitrites (NO2-)
– Klear, Whizzies
– Poppers, Huffers (alkyl nitrites, butyl nitrite)
• Peroxide
– Stealth
– Peroxidase and H2O2.
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General Chemistry in the Workplace
Initial Screening - Immunoassay
• Immunoassay – A biochemical test that measures
the presence or concentration of a substance in
complex mixture of substances.
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General Chemistry in the Workplace
Immunoassay – Initial Screening
• Antibody – Proteins in your body’s immune
system that are used to identify and neutralize
foreign objects.
• Antigen – A molecule that binds to an antibody.
• Basic Idea – Use the body’s immune system to
find & identify analytes.
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• Two Volunteers, please.
General Chemistry in the Workplace
Immunoassay – Initial Screening. Use the body’s
immune system to find & identify analytes.
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General Chemistry in the Workplace
Confirmation Testing (GC/MS)
• Gas Chromatography
– Used to separate different compounds.
– Oven.
• Mass Spectroscopy
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U.S Dept of Transportation (DOT) Testing
Urine vs. Hair vs. Oral Fluid ?
Steroids ?
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Overview
Background
U.S. Department of Transportation Testing
General Chemistry in the Workplace
Drug Czar Q+A (I’ve never been stumped)
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Q+A (I’ve never been stumped)
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