Transcript Slide 1
Path to a world without hunger ... … 2 perspectives www.sfu.ca/global-nutrition “Things will get worse no matter what we do” “Kids will see hunger only in museums” Trillions of $ wasted! - no change 1 b still starving Their population growth outstrips the food supply We need to do more – there’s plenty of food Our $ Swiss bank accounts of corrupt dictators MDGs won’t be achieved Corrupt multinationals There’s progress. What about the broken promises? We never promised 0.7% and anyway we give more than anyone else “Trade not aid” Trade barriers, tilted playing field Aid does more harm than good 2008 recession World GDP $PPP per cap (est) 1500-2100 $10,000 Economic dominance China & India 2040? USA & West Europe since 1945 Western Europe to 1945 China & India to 1850 $5,000 India to 1500 $0 1500 2000 3 http://ers.usda.gov/Data/Macroeconomics/ Fraction in extreme poverty A nation in the poverty trap 83% 2000 [] [] 1970 30% 13 nations in the poverty trap In 5 of them hunger is increasing 5 www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/06/21/2010_failed_states_index_interactive_map_and_rankings http://www.ifpri.org/datasets Number of malnourished world-wide 1000 Millions under-nourished (WHO growth charts) FAO data See also: WHO, UN, WB, USDA, CIA, OECD 900 water-fetcher 800 700 FAO field measurements 600 500 1970 6 1980 1990 2000 2010 33% World % undernourished FAO field measurements 22% 17% 15 1970 1980 1990 2000 14% 7 2010 Number of people (billions) adequately nourished (FAO data) 600 2010 UN 86% 587b ? [ ] y = 8.2112x - 15930 500 400 300 200 1970 1980 1990 2000 8 2010 Number fed & malnourished worldwide Millions 8000 Prediction Fed Target Malnourished 6000 4000 2000 0 33% 1970 14% 2010 FAO data 11% 2015 target 6% 2030 FAO est 9 Ethiopia: on the development ladder Fraction in poverty 80% 2000 30% 10 Fraction in poverty 43% 32% 11 } "Feeling good paying for total strangers to eat” “Not us” 12 % GDP/cap pa for poor nations vs % for rich GDP gap: % growth in poor countries exceeds developed 4.00 3.50 3.00 2008 GDP/capita: Developing countries 3.93% Developed countries -0.03 Advantage = 3.96% 2.50 2.00 1.50 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 year 2007 2008 green bar is target for 2015 MDGs: World progress red bar is 1990; yellow is 2008 % < $1.25 /day 2005 2006 % undernourished % deaths < 5y 2006 H2O school pregnt 0 20 40 60 80 14 “Phantom aid” doesn't work UK banks complicit in Nigerian corruption • Aid that isn’t given – broken promises • $ flow mostly benefits the rich nation • Aid with strings attached, contingent on UN votes, WB loans, unfair trade • Dumped food surplus local economy • Famine aid isn’t intended for development • Multinational $ → dictators for concessions • $ → to rich nation lobbyists to benefit MNCorpns 15 Paul Collier: The bottom billion Corrupt heads of state - Rich Accept personal/campaign “inducements” to allow “bribery” of decision makers at home & abroad $1000s 10000000 600 1000000 100000 400 200 10000 1000 100 0 & Poor -200 Accept “bribes” to give trade concessions that -600 impoverish their people 10 1 -400 16 Aid that does work • Transparent , open bids & accountable • Partnerships not paternalism • SMART objectives: 8 MDGs; @@ objectives, @@ markers, • Strategies revised annually - both partners • Externally monitored • Not self-serving • Firm long commitments: MV, Grameen 17 Agents of change •The MDGs and beyond •The Millennium Village project •Grameen Family of social enterprises •Billionnaire philanthropists & foundations •Innovations: agric & ... dissemminate instantly •Passionate & influential voices for change •Scientists & students bring their energy Passionate renegades 19 The End 20 http://www.childinfo.org/mortality_infantmortality.php also www.gapmminder.org % Infant mortality < 5 years 40 30 Still poverty trapped 20 Singapore 0 1910 1930 1950 India 10 USA 1970 1990 21 2010 Porkbarrelling & Swiss bank a/c’s Tanks & ro regimes, inva democracy”, Treaties force taxpayers in poor countries $ $ multi- nationals $ Shareholders $ dictators $ $ taxpayers in rich (Nato?) countries numbered bank a/c’s $ Rich nation politicians government $ “militaryindustrial complex” $ 5 Nations where hunger is increasing 23 http://www.ifpri.org/datasets