Transcript Brazil
Brazil
Chapter 12
Brazil
Largest country in South America
5th largest in land and population=185 million
Official Language= Portuguese
Religion= Roman Catholic
Life Expectancy= 69 years
Capital= Brasilia
Brazil is close to the size of the U.S.
Two major landforms: plains and plateaus
Northeast Region
Along Atlantic Ocean- fertile costal plains
Inland lies the sertao= interior plateau
Tropical wet and dry climate
Some areas don’t get rain for years which can lead to devastating floods
Flooded desert
Strong Portuguese influence
1500- Brazil became the world’s leader in sugar production
African slaves = over 3 million over a 300 year span
Flooded desert in Northeast Brazil
Southeast
Smallest region in Brazil
Only 10.9% but 40% of population
Extremely urbanized
Humid Sub-tropical climate
Fertile Soil helps farmers grow: sugar cane, rice, cacao
Major crop is coffee
Urbanization bc people want better life, city is beauty, excitement,
Carnival, and economic health of Rio de Janeiro/Sao Paulo
Southeast
Favelas- a shantytown near Rio de Janeiro
One journalist described a favelas as
“The houses built illegally on hillsides or swampland,
generally consist of wood planks, mud, tin cans,
corrugated iron and anything that comes to hand. Some
cling to slopes so that the dwelling are in constant danger
of being swept away in the heavy tropical rain storms that
burst over the city”
Brazilian Highlands
North of the southeast region
high hills and plateau
Humid and sub-tropic climate
Capital city= Brasilia
Brazil changed the capital to Brasilia from Rio de
Janeiro to increase population inland. 1990 pop. was
1.8 million 2013 2.4 million
Amazon River Region
Largest but least explored/ 10 % of population
Amazon River provides native tribes trading routes- key for
survival
Covers 40% of Brazil
180 tribes = about 200 thousand Indians
Moist trade winds from the Atl. O cause this region to have
around 80 inches of rainfall yearly
Temps constant around 80F/ Growing never stops
Rain forest is home to thousands of plants and animals
Government has made conscious effort to preserve Indian
communities
Brazil
Chapter 12, Section 2
Quest for Economic Growth
Objectives
What economical challenges are faced by the urban
and rural poor?
How has Brazilian govt. policies affected the
economy?
How has the economic development contributed to
environmental change?
Economic Challenges
Urban favelas or rural northeast cannot feed, house
, or educate their children
No education= kids in streets= trouble
Sertao- poor soil, scarce grazing land, droughts,
and expensive farm equipment
Subsistence farming
Govt. Policies
Govt. built steel mill, oil refinery, hydroelectric dam, and established
banks that loaned to new entrepreneurs
Thrived in 1950s and Brazilians started moving to urban areas for a
better life
Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro became over populated so the govt.
decided to move the capital to Brasilia(interior Brazil Highlands)
The city looks like a bow and arrow or air plane signifying a
country ready to take off
New roads in the Amazon
Free land grants
Successful Policies?
1/3 GDP = industry
Gasohol- mixing of gasoline and ethanol(Sugar
Cane)
By 2000 more Brazilians worked in manufacturing
than agriculture
Poverty still exist in northeast region
Impact of Urbanization on the
Environment
Amazon Rain forest provides 20% of world’s oxygen
“Lungs of the world”
Deforestation- removal of woodland
threatens animal and plant species
Soil in Amazon is not that fertile
Cities are experiencing more migrant workers and more favelas
Overpopulated cities
Brazilian Culture
Sports
Soccer
mixed martial arts
Volleyball
Dance
Samba
Capoeira
Food
Root vegetables, fruits, rice and beans, and pork/beef
Education
•
Elementary- 6-14- can drop out at 14
•
High school- 15-17
•
College- public or private
Social Issues
Poverty= 35%=1996 2012=9%
Crime= smuggling, robbing, kidnapping, and gang
violence
Lack of Education= free education but lack adequate
amenities