Transcript Snímek 1

VY_32_INOVACE_14-07
Economy and work
History
Industry and Agriculture
Services
Export, Import
Work and unemployment
History of British economy
 first industrialized world`s country – coal, iron,
steel and textile industry – powerful during the
18th - 19th cent., now declining and replaced by oil
and gas industry
 major world trading nation for hundreds of
years – changed after WWII  the USA
 1960s powerful trade unions  changed when
Margaret Thatcher was PM, now voluntary and
28% of workforce belong there
1970s
 1970s – oil crisis, stock market crash, inflation
 1979 – M. Thatcher:
 modernisation of economy, free market, privatisation
(railways – expensive), unemployment, strikes, recovery in
1997
 the UK is a member of:

the EU – half trade with EU countries, the Commonwealth
of Nations, the G7, G8, the Internatioanl Monetory Fund …
 developed country and the seventh-largest national economy
measured by GDP
Industry
 18.2 % of the whole labour force
 raw materials and deposits:
 oil and gas – the North and Irish Sea: BP (British Petroleum), Royal
Dutch Shell, BG Group
 construction mater.: clay, limestone, sandstone, salt, dolomite,
granite…
 lead, gold, iron ore, coal
 leading industries : chemicals, pharmaceuticals, electronics, vehicles,
machines and means of transport, paper, textile, food and drink, media
 majority run by commercial companies (public limited comp.):
 British Rail, buses, Br. Airways, gas, oil, water, electricity, British
Telecom…
 but: The Post Office, The National Health Service – in govern. hands
Rolls-Royce Trent 900 on an Airbus A380
Autor: neznámý, Název: A380-trent900.JPG
Zdroj: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A380-trent900.JPG
Agriculture

1.4 % of the whole labour force

intensive, mechanised
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they breed:
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wheat, barley, oats, sugar beet, potatoes, flax, hops, vegetables, fruits
1/3 arable crops
fishing
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livestock – cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, poultry
2/3 of production
they grow:


Provides 60% of the UK food needs
trend to organic farming
reduce of artificial fertilisers, pesticides,…
cod, haddock, shellfish, salmon, trout
forestry and hunting
Services
 80.4 %, earn more than manufacturing and agriculture together
 London – the world`s greatest financial centre alongside NY and
Tokyo
 the most important are financial and business services:
 City of London, Canary Wharf, London Stock Exchange
 Bank of England - 1694, HSBC, Lloyds, Barclays Bank, Royal Bank of
Scotland Group
 tourism and transport

the first steam locomotive (1804), the oldest underground
 investment, insurance, catering, computing services (English as
IT language)
British brands
BP, BA, BT
British Aerospace
Rolls Royce, Land Rover
Reuters, Financial Times
Shell
Johnnie Walker, Guiness
Tesco, Sainsbury`s, Carrefour…
City of London
Autor: Mewiki, Název: City of London.jpg
Zdroj:
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:City_of_London.jpg
Export / Import
 Import:
 manufacturing industry has declined  more good imported
(Asia):
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food, spices…Asia, China
oil…Middle East
machinery
 Export:
 services, machines, vehicles, chemicals, alcohol, foodstuff
 the sixth largest exporter of goods
 the second largest exporter of services
Work
‘I like work: it fascinates me. I can sit and look at it for
hours.’
Jerome K. Jerome
 70% of Br. households buy their own home, longer working
hours, work in a city and live in a small cottage in the
country main goal
 37- 40 hours/week, minimum wage about 5.73£/hour
 nowadays more part-time jobs, working from home
(broadband computer network), flexible hours
 13% self-employed (Chinese, Bangladeshi, Pakistani…corner
shops, restaurants, hotels, take aways)
Unemployment
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low – 8%…state benefits

equal opportunities, job agencies / state
and private
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immigrants: more than 600,000 from 2004,
have to register…not easy
Thank you for your attention.
Autor DUM: Mgr. Darina Sikorová