Transcript What comes next?

What comes next?
Human Geography B
Economics
How were goods made:
Pre-Industrial Revolution
• Before the
Industrial
Revolution, goods
were made by
hand by one or a
few people. The
process was long
and finished goods
were expensive.
How were goods made:
Post-Industrial Revolution
• After the
Industrial
Revolution, many
goods were made
in factories. The
assembly line
made it possible
for people to
produce more
goods and they
became less
expensive.
Today products are made
all over the world.
• Terms to know:
Free trade - the flow
of goods and
services across
borders, with little
or no government
control.
Fair trade - goods
produced by
workers at a
liveable or “fair”
wage and in good
working conditions.
More terms to know:
• Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- amount of goods and services
produced in a nation during the
year.
• Multinational Corporation - a
large company that has
operations in more than one
country.
10 Ten Multinational
Corporations
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1 Wal-Mart Stores
2 Exxon Mobil
3 Royal Dutch Shell
4 BP
5 Toyota Motor
6 Chevron
7 ING Group
8 Total
9 General Motors
10 ConocoPhillips
Headquarters of Top 50
Multinational Corperations
The Global
Sneaker: Design
• Most sneakers are designed in the
United States, Germany, Japan, and
Italy at company headquarters.
Major companies: Nike (US), Adidas
(Germany), Asics (Japan), Puma
(Germany), Reebok (founded in UK,
now in US), K*Swiss (Switzerland),
Sketchers (US), New Balance (US),
Converse (US),
The Global
Sneaker: Natural
Resources
• Today, different parts of a sneaker can
come from multiple countries.
• Fabric, Leather, Mesh, etc.: Leather from
US or Venezuela sent to South Korea for
processing.
• Mid-sole, padding: Made from plastic or
foam from oil from Saudi Arabia
• Outer Sole: Made from rubber grown in
tropical countries such as Brazil,
Thailand, Malaysia, or Indonesia
The Global
Sneaker:
Manufacturing
• During the 1970’s, many manufacturing
jobs went to South Korea.
• Since the 1990’s, most production has
shifted to China, Indonesia, and Vietnam.
• Advantages? Large pools of low wage
workers, ports for easy shipping.
Is this a good thing?
• Read page 4623 with your
partner and
make a list of
advantages and
disadvantages
of globalization.