Transcript PowerPoint-Präsentation

Development policy
The view from the developed world:
The main objective of Community development policy must
be to reduce and, eventually, to eradicate poverty. This
objective entails support for sustainable economic and social
and environmental development, promotion of the gradual
integration of the developing countries into the world
economy and a determination to combat inequality.
Source:The European Community's Development Policy - Statement by the Council and the Commission
Poverty is defined not simply as the lack of income and financial resources but also as encompassing the
notion of vulnerability and such factors as no access to adequate food supplies, education and health, natural
resources and drinking water, land, employment and credit facilities, information and political involvement,
services and infrastructure.
Development policy
The view from the developed world:
The developing countries are partners with their own
strategies; this is the key to the success of development
policies.
Source:The European Community's Development Policy - Statement by the Council and the Commission
Human Development Index
Coloured world map indicating Human Development Index (as of 2003)
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The UN Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative measure of
poverty, literacy, education, life expectancy, childbirth, and other factors for countries worldwide. It is a
standard means of measuring well-being, especially child welfare. It is used by many people to
distinguish whether the country is a developed, developing, or under developed country. The index was
developed in 1990 by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq, and has been used since 1993 by the United
Nations Development Programme in its annual Human Development Report.
The HDI measures the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of human
development:
•A long and healthy life, as measured by life expectancy at birth.
•Knowledge, as measured by the adult literacy rate (with two-thirds weight) and the combined primary,
secondary, and tertiary gross enrolment ratio (with one-third weight).
•A decent standard of living, as measured by gross domestic product (GDP) per capita at purchasing
power parity (PPP) in USD.
Each year, UN member states are listed and ranked according to these measures.
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
UN target – 0.7 of
GrossNationalIncome
(= GNI comprises the total value of
goods and services produced within a
country (i.e. its Gross Domestic
Product), together with its income
received from other countries (notably
interest and dividends), less similar
payments made to other countries)
Total amount in 2005: 106.500.000.000 $
DAC member states:
Australia, Belgium, Daemark, Germany, Finland, France,
Greece, Irland, Italy, Japan, Canada, Luxemburg, New
sealand, Nietherlands, Norway, Austria, Portugal, Sweden,
Swiss, Spain, UK, USA.
= 0.33% of combined GNI
of 22 DAC member states
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
Share of World- GNI
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
2004
in % of GNI
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
Germany
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
Germany:
the different fields
of assistance
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
Official Aid Assistance (ODA)
These charts (2003-2004) show for each of the
following DAC Members and Total DAC: Net ODA/OA,
Breakdown of bilateral ODA by income group and by
region, Top ten recipients of bilateral ODA/OA, and
Bilateral ODA by sector:
http://www.oecd.org/countrylist/0,2578,en_
2649_34447_1783495_1_1_1_1,00.html#u
Agreed the goals – disagreed the ways ?
Example:
CottonTrade
Development policy
Can the rich
afford to help
the poor ?
Prof. Jeffrey D. Sachs
Director, Earth Institute at Columbia University
Professor of Sustainable Development
Professor of Health Policy and Management
Special Advisor to UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan