Transcript Electron Transport Chain (Respiratory Chain)

Electron Transport Chain
(Respiratory Chain)
- exercise Vladimíra Kvasnicová
Respiratory chain (RCH)
a) is found in all cells
b) is located in a mitochondrion
c) includes enzymes integrated in the inner
mitochondrial membrane
d) produces reducing equivalents (NADH+H+,
FADH2)
Respiratory chain (RCH)
a) is found in all cells
b) is located in a mitochondrion
c) includes enzymes integrated in the inner
mitochondrial membrane
d) produces reducing equivalents (NADH+H+,
FADH2)
The figure is found at http://plaza.ufl.edu/tmullins/BCH3023/cell%20respiration.html (December 2006)
Respiratory chain (RCH)
a) belongs among oxidative pathways
b) can proceed under both aerobic and
anaerobic conditions
c) is a reversible pathway
d) needs oxygen (O2) for its function
Respiratory chain (RCH)
a) belongs among oxidative pathways
b) can proceed under both aerobic and
anaerobic conditions
c) is a reversible pathway
d) needs oxygen (O2) for its function
 reducing
properties
Gibbs
energy
„G“
Redox
potential
„E“
 oxidizing
properties
The figure is found at http://www.grossmont.net/cmilgrim/Bio220/Outline/ECB2Figures&Tables_Ed2Ed1/Chapter14_13/REDOX_POTENTIALS_ElectronTransportChain_Fig14-21.htm (December 2006)
The figure is found at http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/mito_ox.htm (December 2006)
Enzymes of the RCH
a) belongs among oxidoreductases
b) can transfer either H or electrons
c) are called Complex I, II, III and IV
d) transfer protons and electrons in the
same direction
Enzymes of the RCH
a) belongs among oxidoreductases
b) can transfer either H or electrons
c) are called Complex I, II, III and IV
d) transfer protones and electrones in the
same direction
proton
= H+
electron
= e-
Cytochrome c
is drawn
wrongly!
It is found in
the
intermembrane
space, bound
to the inner
mitochondrial
membrane
The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations,
4th ed. Wiley-Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0-471-15451-2
The function of the RCH
a) is to regenerate NAD+ from NADH
b) is to regenerate NADP+ from NADPH
c) is to regenerate FAD from FADH2
d) is to finish oxidation of energy substrates
and conserve their energy in a form of
ATP
The function of the RCH
a) is to regenerate NAD+ from NADH
b) is to regenerate NADP+ from NADPH
c) is to regenerate FAD from FADH2
d) is to finish oxidation of energy substrates
and conserve their energy in a form of
ATP
In reactions of the RCH
a) oxygen is reduced to H2O
b) protons (H+) are transfered into an
intermembrane space
c) ATP is produced by the Complex I
d) all reduced coenzymes (NADH+H+ and
FADH2) are reoxidized by the same
mechanism
In reactions of the RCH
a) oxygen is reduced to H2O
b) protons (H+) are transfered into an
intermembrane space
c) ATP is produced by the Complex I
d) all reduced coenzymes (NADH+H+ and
FADH2) are reoxidized by the same
mechanism
The figure is found at http://www.cellml.org/examples/images/metabolic_models/the_electron_transport_chain.gif (December 2006)
Choose correct statement
a) Complex I transfers H+ into an
intermembrane space
b) Complex II transfers H+ into an
intermembrane space
c) Coenzyme Q accepts e- from both Complex I
and Complex II
d) Complex IV transfers electrones to oxygen
Choose correct statement
a) Complex I transfers H+ into an
intermembrane space
b) Complex II transfers H+ into an
intermembrane space
c) Coenzyme Q accepts e- from both Complex I
and Complex II
d) Complex IV transfers electrones to oxygen
proton
= H+
electron
= e-
Cytochrome c
is drawn
wrongly!
It is found in
the
intermembrane
space, bound
to the inner
mitochondrial
membrane
The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations,
4th ed. Wiley-Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0-471-15451-2
Citrate cycle (CC) and the RCH are
interconnected
a) by CO2 (produced by CC, used by RCH)
b) by NADH (produced by CC, used by RCH)
c) an enzyme succinate dehydrogenase
d) ATP (produced by RCH, used by CC)
Citrate cycle (CC) and the RCH are
interconnected
a) by CO2 (produced by CC, used by RCH)
b) by NADH (produced by CC, used by RCH)
c) an enzyme succinate dehydrogenase
d) ATP (produced by RCH, used by CC)
Citrate cycle
succinate DH
The figure is found at http://www.cellml.org/examples/images/metabolic_models/the_electron_transport_chain.gif (December 2006)
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
a) can be produced only in a cooperation with
the RCH
b) can be synthesized only under aerobic
conditions
c) is formed from ADP by addition of one
phosphate
d) is transported from a mitochondrion into a
cytoplasm by exchange with ADP
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
a) can be produced only in a cooperation with
the RCH
b) can be synthesized only under aerobic
conditions
c) is formed from ADP by addition of one
phosphate
d) is transported from a mitochondrion into a
cytoplasm by exchange with ADP
ATP-ADP translocase
The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations,
4th ed. Wiley-Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0-471-15451-2
When the term is used it always means
„ATP synthesis“
a) phosphorylation
b) oxidative phosphorylation
c) aerobic phosphorylation
d) substrate level phosphorylation
When the term is used it always means
„ATP synthesis“
a) phosphorylation
b) oxidative phosphorylation
c) aerobic phosphorylation
d) substrate level phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation
a) needs proton gradient on the inner
mitochondrial membrane
b) is catalyzed by ATP synthase
c) can be interrupted by uncoupling proteins
(UCP)
d) means ATP synthesis in any oxidative
metabolic pathway
Oxidative phosphorylation
a) needs proton gradient on the inner
mitochondrial membrane
b) is catalyzed by ATP synthase
c) can be interrupted by uncoupling proteins
(UCP)
d) means ATP synthesis in any oxidative
metabolic pathway
The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations,
4th ed. Wiley-Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0-471-15451-2
inner mitochondrial
membrane
ATP synthase
The figure is found at http://plaza.ufl.edu/tmullins/BCH3023/cell%20respiration.html (December 2006)
Uncoupling
proteins
(UCP)
= separate
RCH from ATP
synthesis
(the synthesis is
interrupted)
energy from H+
gradient is released
as a heat
The figure is found at http://departments.oxy.edu/biology/Franck/Bio222/Lectures/March23_lecture_shuttles.htm (December 2006)
ATP can be formed by the reactions
a) glucose-6-P + ADP → glucose + ATP
b) succinyl~CoA + GDP → succinate + GTP
c) GTP + ADP → GDP + ATP
d) ADP + ADP → ATP + AMP
ATP can be formed by the reactions
a) glucose-6-P + ADP → glucose + ATP
b) succinyl~CoA + GDP → succinate + GTP
c) GTP + ADP → GDP + ATP
d) ADP + ADP → ATP + AMP
(adenylate kinase = myokinase)
Oxidation of NADH+H+ in the RCH
produces more ATP than oxidation of
FADH2 because
a) higher proton gradien is made by oxidation of
NADH+H+
b) NADH+H+ transfers H to different Complex
of the RCH than FADH2
c) more protons are transported to the
intermembrane space if NADH+H+ is oxidized
d) more e- are transfered from NADH+H+ to O2
Oxidation of NADH+H+ in the RCH
produces more ATP than oxidation of
FADH2 because
a) higher proton gradien is made by oxidation of
NADH+H+
b) NADH+H+ transfers H to different Complex
of the RCH than FADH2
c) more protons are transported to the
intermembrane space if NADH+H+ is oxidized
d) more e- are transfered from NADH+H+ to O2
FADH2
The figure is found at http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/oxidative-phosphorylation.html (December 2006)
Choose correct statement(s) about
regulation of RCH and ATP synthesis
a)  O2 decreases the pathways
b) uncoupling proteins increases ATP synthesis
c)  ADP increses ATP synthesis
d)  NADH+H+/NAD+ increases the pathways
Choose correct statement(s) about
regulation of RCH and ATP synthesis
a)  O2 decreases the pathways
b) uncoupling proteins increases ATP synthesis
c)  ADP increses ATP synthesis
d)  NADH+H+/NAD+ increases the pathways