Transcript A transformation of the world - Goethe

Global transformations
A transformation of the world
The world trade (ESPON - Europe in the world – 2007)
A transformation of the world
Philippe Terrier-Hermann
THE WORLD OF CONTEMPORARY ART 2007 –
C-Print 122 x 76 cm
Map designed from the datebase www.artfacts.net presenting the geographical distribution of the top
of the 3400 artists in the world in 2008.
A transformation of the world
A transformation of the world
…. in 2025:
A demographic transformation
A transformation of the world
● EU, from an intra-community project to a
global player
Increasing demand
50% in 2030
Energy
1 . Increase of the population
2 . Development of the level of
urbanization
3 . A legitimate objective of
reduction of the poverty
4 . Climate change
Climat
e
Food
Increasing demand
Water
Increasing demand
50% in 2030
30% in 2030
Europe’s response?
Europe in the world
Europe in the world
Europe in the world
Albania
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Kosovo
Serbia
(- Montenegro)
Potential
candidates
Candidate
countries
Member States
New issues for Europe
Infrastructures &
transports
Access to raw
materials
Growth
&
employment
Learning
Attractiveness
New issues for Europe
Development in
networks
Access to global
Growth
&
employment
Education &
training
Innovation
EU 2020: Objectives
• 75% of the 20-64 year-olds to be employed.
• 3% of the EU's GDP (public and private combined) to be
invested in R&D/innovation.
• Greenhouse gas emissions 20% (or even 30%, if the conditions
are right) lower than 1990 (…).
• Reducing school drop-out rates below 10% (against currently
15%), at least 40% of 30-34–year-olds completing third level
education (against currently 31%).
• at least 20 million fewer people in or at risk of poverty and
social exclusion (a reduction of 25%).
EU 2020: the new strategy of the Union
Smart growth
Sustainable growth
Inclusive growth
Developing an economy based on
knowledge and innovation
Promoting a more resource
efficient, greener and more
competitive economy
Fostering a high-employment
economy delivering social and
territorial cohesion
Innovation
Innovation
Union
Education
Digital society
Digital agenda
Youth on the for Europe
move
Climate,
energy
Ressource
efficient
Europe
Competitivity Jobs & Skills Fight against
poverty
An industrial New skills and
policy
jobs
European
platform
against
poverty
The European system
The budgetary priorities
Fostering
sustainable
development,
freedom and
security in the
world
Promoting rural
development,
fishery and
environment
EU,
As a Global
Player
6%
Natural
Resources
43%
Citizenship,
Freedom,
Security,
Justice
1%
Associating actively
the citizens to the
European
integration process
and creating a space
of freedom
Sustainable
Growth
44%
Investing in
competitiveness
and fostering the
cohesion of the
regions
The programmes 2007 / 2013
Media Europe
•for Culture
•
•
Citizens Youth in Action
•
Citizenship
Associating actively citizens to the
European integration process
Freedom,
security, justice
Reinforcing European Union as a
space of freedom, security and justice
•Fundamental Rights and Justice •Security and
Safeguard of Liberties Solidarity and Management
•
of Migration Flows
Investing in competitiveness and
fostering the cohesion of the regions
•Convergence •Regional Competitiveness and
Employment Territorial Cooperation
•
•Lifelong learning •Research and Development
•Innovation and Competitiveness
Cohesion
Sustainable
Growth
Competitiveness
Natural
Ressources
EU,
As global player
Promoting rural development,
fishery and protection of environment
•Rural Development •Fishery •Life+
Fostering sustainable development,
freedom and security in the world
•Pre-Accession•Neighbourhood •Development
Cooperation Industrialised Countries Democracy
•
•
and Human Rights Stability
•
Europe and Culture
Europe and Culture
The weight of the cultural
economy
in % of national GDP
More than 3%
Between 2 and 3%
Between 1 and 2%
Less than 1%
EU and culture: in Europe
-
-
Culture in EU is national competence
National contribution to the EU budget on culture
Responsible Unit for Culture Policy at EU: DG Education, Arts and Culture
EU budget on culture: 400 Million Euro (media 755 M Euro)
Priorities for EU in the cultural field between 2007-2013: mobility,
intercultural dialogue, external relations, regional development, creative
industries, heritage
European Agenda for Culture in the era of globalisation 2007
-
-
Articulates internal and external cooperation
Specific Funding schemes for culture in Europe :
- Cultural program 2007-13: artist mobility/ EU heritage label/EU
cultural price/ story of intercultural dialogue/ European heritage prize/
European Capitals of Culture
- New Funding scheme 2014-2020: Creative Europe
EU and culture: in Europe
Culture in other EU programs:
a much broader conception has emerged recognizing the potential of
culture in diverse areas: rehabilitation of the physical environment,
economic diversification, promoting local businesses and growth in
creative and innovative ways, attracting and retaining highly skilled staff
and a distinctive contribution to developing skills and talent and
promoting social inclusion.
-> EU programs: Education and training, youth, entrepreneurship,
tourism, media, research, citizenship, employment, regional
development, tourism, international development
EU and culture: outside Europe
- Development of External Cultural Policy of Europe
- Instruments of EU cooperation with 3rd countries
which include culture and also relate to Asia
- Thematic
- Geographic
- Media, Education , Youth, Culture, Development
Media and culture: Media Mundus
• Objective: a broad international cooperation program for the audiovisual
industry to strengthen cultural and commercial relations between
Europe's film industry and film-makers of third countries.
• Budget: €15 million of funding from 2011-2013
• For whom: Projects submitted by audiovisual professionals from Europe
and from third countries
• For what: in the fields of training, market access, distribution and
circulation of audiovisual works.
• will fund projects aimed at encouraging mobility and exchanges between
European film-makers and their counterparts around the world. The idea
is to improve access to international markets and to strengthen the
distribution of European films in non-European markets and vice versa.
• http://ec.europa.eu/culture/media/mundus/index_en.htm
Media and culture: Media Mundus
Asian Countries Studies done by Europe
• Trends in audiovisual markets: China, Mongolia and South
Korea, Unesco Report
• Hong Kong - The Film and Television market in Hong Kong
• India - Audio-visual Policies and International Trade: The Case of India
• Philippines - Audiovisual Services Sector Can the Philippines Follow
"Bollywood?"
• Singapore - The feature film market in Singapore
• South Korea - Korean Film Council (KOFIC)
• Thailand
• http://ec.europa.eu/culture/media/mundus/international/studies/inde
x_en.htm
Culture and development
Culture has an important place in the EU’s development cooperation, which seeks
to give consideration to local and regional cultural specificities when designing
and implementing development cooperation programmes and projects.
Particular attention is given to targeting cultural aspects under specific sector
programmes to accompany partners for a smooth evolution, where certain
traditions and behaviors are damaging and jeopardise attempts to reduce
inequalities and poverty; encourage its partners to include culture in their own
poverty reduction strategies and national development plans; promote the
conservation, dissemination and promotion of cultural diversity at local and
national level; stimulate the access of local people to their own culture and to
income generating activities based on the dissemination of culture and traditional
heritage; promote intercultural dialogue at all levels and South-South cooperation;
support the establishment of networks for exchanges of expertise and good
practice, as well as training and professionalisation of the sector
Culture and development:
Investing in people
•
•
•
•
•
Investing in People is part of the Development Co-operation Instrument (DCI)
to support actions in the area of human and social development, in particular:
education, health, gender equality, social cohesion, employment, childhood and
youth, as well as culture
Only thematic program which covers nearly all the Millennium Developments
Goals (MDGS)
50 million Euro are allocated to the culture strand under the heading “Access to
local culture, protection and promotion of cultural diversity”
Focuses on the development of policies that allow better access to and
preservation of local culture and on offering opportunities for cultural exchange
and strengthening contacts between cultural actors as a way of allowing
multicultural and multiethnic dialogue aimed at the improvement of mutual
understanding and respect, and preservation of local and indigenous culture and
values
Culture and Development:
geographic programme / Europe Aid
•
•
•
•
“Asia is a crucial partner for the EU, politically, economically, and culturally. The
region accounts for more than half of the world’s population, a quarter of the
economic wealth created every year, and is home to four of the ten largest
economies in the world (Japan, China, India and Korea) yet countries such as
Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Mongolia, Burma/Myanmar remain among the
poorest. Many parts of the region are prone to natural disasters, and several
countries are dealing with internal conflict which is often coupled with generally
weak civil societies, making them more vulnerable and open to human rights
abuses.”
Countries of cooperation: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, DPR
Korea, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal,
Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam
The EC programmes for regional co-operation complement national assistance
programmes. They aim at tackling challenges with a regional dimension and
promoting interstate co-operation on issues of mutual interest.
Support to regional integration through ASEM and ASEAN
Regional cooperation:
ASEM and ASEF
•
•
•
•
Building strong and lasting links with Asia The Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) is
Europe’s main multilateral channel for communication with Asia. Its key objective
is to strengthen relations between Asia and Europe in a spirit of mutual respect
and partnership. The European Commission has a strong interest in promoting
closer Asia-Europe relations and multilateralism in the international arena.
The Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) is an informal process of dialogue and cooperation bringing together the 27 European Union Member States and the
European Commission with 16 Asian countries and the ASEAN Secretariat.
The ASEM dialogue addresses political, economic and cultural issues, with the
objective of strengthening the relationship between the two regions, in a spirit of
mutual respect and equal partnership
In the area of culture: bi-annual ASEM Culture Ministers Meeting and topical
seminars
–
–
Eg ASEM Visibility through Culture Seminar Vietnam, Halong Bay 2010
Next ASEM CMM: Managing Heritage Cities September 2012 in Yogjakarta
Regional cooperation:
ASEM and ASEF
• The EU has provided an extra assistance to support to the
Asia-Europe Foundation to organized conferences, lecture
tours, workshops, seminars and to use of web-based
platforms and other channels for exchange of people and
information.
• Funding ASEF will enhance ASEF’s role as an effective
institutions for the promotion of intellectual, cultural and
people-to-people exchange between Asia and Europe. In
turn, these activities will help to raise ASEM’s profile
• Asia-Europe Foundation: based in Singapore, funded by 46
countries (MFA), EU trustfund, French trustfund and Japanese
trustfund
Asia-Europe Foundation
• Intellectual Exchange : environment, human rights, intercommunal
dialogue,
• People to People Exchange : formal and non formal education, ASEF
University, …
• Cultural exchange:
– Policy:
•
•
World Cultural Policy Database and Policy Dialogue
Connect2Culture: Human Development and Culture
– Networks:
•
•
ASEMUS ; Museum network on Asian Collections
Festival managers networks, young creative producers network,
– Artistic Exchanges:
•
Creative Encounters (with Arts Network Asia) : open call for partnership (next in 2012)
– Information platforms:
•
•
•
Culture360.org
ASEMUS. Museum.org
Film.culture360.org
Culture and Education: Erasmus
Mundus
•
•
•
•
•
•
Erasmus Mundus aims to enhance quality in higher education through
scholarships and academic cooperation between Europe and the rest of the
world.
The Erasmus Mundus Programme 2009-2013 is open to higher education
institutions and to any organisation active in the field of higher education and
research as well as to students, doctoral candidates, teachers, researchers and
university staff (academic and/or administrative) from any part of the world.
Programmes in Erasmus Mundus specifically connected to arts and culture/ media:
24 of 131 programmes
city regeneration, documentary film making, performance research, language
studies, gender studies, cultural landscapes, intercultural mediation
Open for individual application for mobility grant (10 months) to study in Europe
(info on: executive agency for education, audiovisual and culture)
Proposal for Erasmus for All programme (2014-2020) will include a 70 % increase
in spending compared to the current period
http://www.scholarshipportal.eu/
Culture and External relations:
strategic partnerships
• The European Union maintains an ever closer relationship with emerging
global partners of the EU, including China, India, Brazil, Mexico or Russia.
• Joint declaration on culture with India
• Strong cooperation with China
“Over recent years, the need to strengthen and expand people-to-people
contacts, intercultural dialogue, mutual understanding and long-term
cultural cooperation has taken a more prominent place in EU-China
relations “
• Development of new partnerships
Culture and Youth: Youth in the
World
• ‘Youth in the World’ seeks to deepen mutual understanding,
tolerance and intercultural awareness among young people
within the Union and beyond.
• Youth policy: creativity and culture strand
• Specific Country programmes: EU-China Youth Year 2011 :
http://www.2011euchinayouth.eu/
• Youth in action program also with Vietnam –youth agreement
with EU
2014-2020 Creative Europe
• Helps the cultural and creative sectors to seize the
opportunities of the ‘digital age’ and globalisation
• Enables the sectors to reach their potential so that they can
contribute to the Europe 2020 goals for sustainable growth,
jobs and social cohesion.
• Opens up new international opportunities, markets and
audiences
• Builds on the success of the MEDIA and Culture programs
• More funding for transnational cultural activities within and
outside of the EU
• Guarantee fund for loans to SME’s in Culture
2014-2020 Creative Europe
•
With a proposed budget of €1.8 billion for the period 2014-2020, it would be a much-needed boost for the
cultural and creative industries, which are a major source of jobs and growth in Europe. The new program
would allocate more than €900 million in support of the cinema and audiovisual sector (area covered by
current MEDIA program) and almost € 500 million for culture. The Commission is also proposing to
allocate more than €210 million for a new financial guarantee facility, which would enable small
operators to access up to €1 billion in bank loans, as well as around €60 million in support of policy
cooperation and fostering innovative approaches to audience building and new business models.
•
Creative Europe will build on the experience and success of the Culture and MEDIA programs which have
supported the cultural and audiovisual sectors for more than 20 years .The proposed €1.8 billion budget
for Creative Europe represents a 37% increase on current spending levels. In 2007-13, the MEDIA program
received €755 million, with an additional €15 million for MEDIA Mundus which supports international
cooperation in the audiovisual sector. The Culture programme was allocated €400 million in the current
financial framework.. The European cultural and creative sectors represent around 4.5% of European GDP
and account for some 3.8% of the EU workforce (8.5 million people).EU support will help them make the
most of the opportunities created by globalisation and the digital shift. It will also enable them to
overcome challenges such as market fragmentation and difficulties in accessing financing, as well as
contributing to better policy-making by making it easier to share know-how and experience.
European networks
• Started in the 80’s by civil society
• Active in different disciplines in culture
• Objective: Network, learn, share, advocacy,
cooperate
– > instrument for cultural dialogue and
understanding
• Structural support by governments and EU
90’s onwards
•
European Networks
examples of networks active in
Asia
IETM: contemporary performing arts www.ietm.org
– Annual meetings in Europe
– Regional meetings in Asia: SGP, China, Korea, Japan, Indonesia
• ENCATC: culture administration training centers
http://www.encatc.org/pages/index.php
– First member in Asia: Lassalle , SGP
– Interest in cooperation with Asia
• Res Artis : artists residencies http://www.resartis.org/en/
– Annual meeting: next Japan October 2012
• ELIA: European League of Institutes of Arts http://www.eliaartschools.org
– Global network: China, India, Malaysia, Korea, Taiwan members
– Cultural Leadership training in HK and Korea
Europe and Asia: conclusions
• Even though Asia is important to Europe not
adequate amount of funds for Asia Europe
Cooperation
• EU: no external cultural policy instrument yet
• 3rd country partners: not big proportion of EU
level funding in culture
• Need for European strategic vision
Thank You!