Transcript National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)

Regional workshop on Methodologies of Assessment
of Social Economic Impacts of Disaster in Asia
Prepared by Khun Sokha
NCDM
Country Profile
Consisting of 20 provinces and 4 municipalities
Capital City – Phnom Penh
Land area of 181,035 sq. km. km.
Arable & permanent crop land – 13%
Permanent pasture – 11%
Forests and Woodland – 66%
Climate is tropical dominated by 2 monsoons
Southwest Monsoon (mid-May to October)
Northeast Monsoon (October to April)
Demographics
Population of 13.4 million
90 to 95% are Ethnic Khmer
51.8%: Male 48.2%
Rural Population – 84%
Average annual population growth rate of 2.4%
(2nd Highest among ASEAN countries)
Productive age group (18 to 60 yrs old) – 43%
Population 18 yrs old and below
– 52%
(Imbalance due to Khmer Rouge period)
Social Development Indicators
Human Development Index (out of 174)
136
Population living below poverty line
(75% are farmer-headed Households)
36%
Life Expectancy
56 yrs.
Adult Literacy Rate
67.3%
Economic Indicators
Real GDP Growth Rate
- 4%
Per Capita Income
- US$ 266
Exports
- US$ 1.13 billion
Balance of Payment Surplus
- US$ 71 million
Present Value of Debt
- US$ 1.9 billion
Exchange Rate
- US$1.00 = Riel 3855
Profile of Economy
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Sector
43% of GDP
80% of labor force
-
Industrial Sector
Share in GDP increasing from 18.3% in 1998
to 23.5% in 2000
Manufacturing
Construction
78.5%
18.3%
Most dynamic sub-sector is Garments
Industry (leading source of exports) with
annual growth rate of 65% for period 1995 to
2000
Profile of Economy
Tourism Sector
Tourism plays a very important role in the
rebuilding of the economy
Growth rate of 18.4% in 1999
Annual increase in tourist arrivals of 30% during
the period 1998 to 2001
Hotel construction increased by 10% during the
period 1993 to 2000
Royal Government of Cambodia
National
Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)
Natural Disasters
in Cambodia
Flood 2000
MEKONG RIVER COMMISSION REPORTED
Laos PDR, Cambodia, Vietnam and Thailand affected
The deaths in Cambodia 43% of total deaths 800 persons
40% of total damages $ 400 million
Cambodia the most affected
In Cambodia the most frequent and severe
disasters are caused by flooding
Cambodia is naturally susceptible to annual
river flooding during the main monsoon
season. Localized flooding caused by
monsoon thunderstorms is also a serious
threat as they periodically sweep the country
Severe flooding has occurred in 1961, 1966,
1978, 1984, 1991, 1996, 2000 and most
recently in 2001
LIVING WITH FLOOD
Tonle Sap Lake
Mekong River
Flood of 2000
Flood of 2001
Impact of Disasters
Floods of 1996
In the 1996 floods, continuous heavy rainfall in China,
Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia inundated the Mekong
River affecting 1.3 million Cambodians with 600,000
hectares of crops and 50,000 homes damaged or
destroyed
Floods of 2000
 Worst flood to hit the country in more than 70 years.
 Total physical and direct damage was estimated at
US$ 150 million, 40% of the total estimated damages
of US$ 400 Million in the four countries in the
Mekong River basin including Laos, Cambodia,
Vietnam and Thailand.
 Death toll at 347 (80 percent of whom were
children).
 Some 750,618 families (3,448,629 individuals)
affected by flooding, about 85,000 families had to
had to be evacuated.
Floods of 2001
 Affected Provinces/Municipalities: 14, Districts: 84,
Communes: 595
 Victims Affected: 429,698 families, equivalent to
2,121,952 people
 Affected population who had food shortage caused
by flood: 192,284 families, equivalent to: 945,665
people
 Rice partially damaged by flood: seedling 7,739
Has, Transplanted 23,7275 Has
 Rice totally destroyed by flood: seedling 5,732 Has,
Transplanted 144,386 Has
Floods of 2001
People killed: 14 (70% were children)
Houses destroyed: 2,251 houses
National roads destroyed: 39Km
Rural roads destroyed: 7,937Km
Bridges destroyed: 175 places
Schools affected by flood: 911
Health centers affected by flood: 45
Irrigation systems destroyed: 201 places
Floods of 2002
Affected Provinces/Municipalities: 5, Districts: 39,
Communes: 296
Victims Affected: 263,264 families, equivalent to
1,005,694 people
Affected population who had food shortage
caused by flood: 192,284 families, equivalent to:
945,665 people
Rice partially damaged by flood: seedling 7,739
Has, Transplanted 23,7275 Has
Rice totally destroyed by flood: seedling 5,732
Has, Transplanted 144,386 Has
In recent years, there has been an imbalance
in the distribution of monsoon rainfall which
has resulted in drought in some parts of the
country
A short dry spell of 20 to 30 days during the
rainy season ( May – November ) can result
to extensive damage to crops
Prolonged drought was experienced in 1997 to
1998. And in 2001, while still recovering from
the effects of the flood of 2000, Cambodia
was also affected by severe drought
Drought in 2001
Affected population who had food shortage caused
by drought: 132,711 families, equivalent to: 530,844
people
Rice partially damaged by drought: seedling 13,361
Has, Transplanted 89,787 Has
Rice totally destroyed by drought: seedling 8,696
Has, Transplanted 45,291 Has
Typhoons in Cambodia
In 2000, a series of typhoons caused similar damage
in 5 provinces of the country
In 2001, six (6) provinces were hit by typhoons
resulting to destruction of 743 houses, 6 school
buildings and 2 temples resulting to 1 death and 11
injured
In 1992, two (2) typhoons hit several districts in
Phnom Penh City and Kandal province resulting to
the destruction of some 500 homes.
In 2001, there were 46 cases of house fires
that caused the destruction of some 3,316
houses, the deaths of 5 people and 20
injured
Other disasters include Fires that
occur in some of the major cities and
cause extensive damage due to the
lack of sufficient fire fighting
equipment
Thank you for your attention
National Committee for Disaster Management
(NCDM)
Disaster Management
in Cambodia
Royal Government of Cambodia
National Committee for Disaster Management
Mission
To lead the Disaster Management in the Kingdom of Cambodia.
Functions and Responsibilities
 To coordinate with the Ministries of the Royal Government, UN
agencies, IOs, NGOs, International Communities, National
Associations, and Local Donors in order to appeal for aid for
Emergency Response and Rehabilitation.
 To make recommendations to the Royal Government and issue
principles, main policies and warnings on Disaster Preparedness
and Management cum the measures for Emergency Response
and interventions in evacuating people to haven.
Royal Government of Cambodia
National Committee for Disaster Management
To disseminate Disaster Management work to Communities
and strengthen the line from the National level (Ministries /
Institutions concerned) to the provincial/ Municipal/ District/
Precinct level along with human resource development aiming
to manage Disaster works firmly and effectively.
T
To put forward a proposal to the Royal Government on
reserves, funds, fuel, means of working, equipment and human
resources for Disaster Prevention and intervention in Emergency
Response and Rehabilitation before, during, and after disaster,
NCDM Organizational Structure
National Committee for Disaster Management
(NCDM)
Audit Unit
DM Working Groups of
Ministries/Institutions
General
Secretariat
Provincial Committee for
Disaster Management (PCDM)
PCDM Secretariat
District Committee for Disaster
Management
Commune Disaster
Management Team
Cabinet
NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
Samdech Prime Minister HUN SEN
President
Executive Committee
(President, First Vice President, Secretary General)
HE. NHIM VANDA
First Vice President
Secretary General
HE.PEOUV SAMY
Department of
Administration and
Finance
Department of
Information &
Relation
Department of
Emergency Response &
Rehabilitation
Department of
Preparedness and
Training
Department of
Search & Rescue
Administration Bureau
Information
&Prediction Bureau
Emergency Bureau
Training Bureau
Searching
Coordination Bureau
Accounting Bureau
International Relation
Bureau
Rehabilitation Bureau
Planning Bureau
Rescue Coordination
Bureau
Logistic Bureau
Newsletter
&Publishing Bureau
Operation Bureau
Program Bureau
Working Group on Disaster Coordination Response and Rehabilitation
Lead: National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)
In Cooperation with
Cambodian Red Cross (CRC)
international Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)
United Nation Disaster Management Team (UN-DMT)
Emergency Relief Assistance Sub-group
Lead: NCDM and CRC with support of IFRC
Food Security Sub-group
Lead: ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fishery with Support of WFP, FAO
Health Sub-group
lead: Ministry of Health with support of WHO,UNICEF
Small Scale Infrastructure , Water and Sanitation Sub-group
Lead: Ministry of Rural Development with Support of WHO, UNICEF, WFP
Preparedness and Mitigation Sub-group
Lead: Ministry of Public work and Transport and Ministry of Water
Resources and Meteorology with Support of Partners
National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)
Disaster Management & Countermeasures
Coordination with NGOs
Cambodian Red Cross (CRC) – Community-based Disaster
Preparedness, Small-scale mitigation projects, Safe area
development, disaster response and relief
CARE Cambodia – Community-based Disaster Preparedness
project in Prey Veng province, disaster planning and training
for DCDMs, donation of equipment (i.e., radios and boats),
relief
Action Against Hunger (AAH) – Disaster Preparedness,
Small- scale mitigation projects, Proposed Community-based
Early Warning project in Kampong Cham province
OXFAM Cambodia – Disaster preparedness, response and
relief, proposed Community-based Disaster preparedness in
Takeo province.
Areas of Coordination and Cooperation with
NGOs/IOs
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Capacity building Activities-conduct of trainings and
capacity building to member of the NCDM as well as to
the Provincial Committee for Disaster Management
(PCDM) and District Committee for Disaster Management
(DCDM)
Damages and Need Assessment-Disaster Preparedness /
Small scale mitigation projects Community based Early
Warning Projects in Compong Cham Province
Emergency Relief Assistance-provision of relief goods
Disaster Preparedness-conduct of community planning
Resource Mobilization-provision of relief goods
Coortination with NGOs on
Capability building Activity
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Cambodian Red Cross (CRC)-Community-based
Disaster Preparedness, Small-scale mitigation
projects, safe area development, disaster response
and relief.
CARE Cambodia-Community-based Disaster
Preparedness project in Prey Veng province,
disaster planning and training for DCDMs,
donation of equipment (i.e., radios
Action Against Hunger (AAH)-Disaster
Preparedness, Small-scale mitigation projects,
Community-based Early Warning project in
Kampong Cham province
Coordination With NGOs on
Capability Building Activity
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OXFAM Cambodia-Disaster preparedness,
response and relief, proposed Community-based
Disaster preparedness in Takeo province.
Concern Worldwide-Disaster preparedness,
response and relief projects. It has also provided
NCDM vehicle.
Coordination with NGOs on
Capability Building Activity
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Lutheran world Federation
Church World Service
Catholic Relief Service
Pact Cambodia
Coordination with International
Organizations (IO) on Capability
Building Activity
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Asian Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC)
International Institute for Disaster Risk
Management (IDRM, International)
Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC)
Coordination with UN Agencies on
Capability Building Activity
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European Commission Humanitarian Office
(ECHO)
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian
Affairs (OCHA)
World Food Programme (WFP)
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF)
World Health Organization (WHO)
Inter-agency
Coordination
Coordination With NGOs on
Damage and Needs Assessment
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Conducted joint Damage and Needs Assessment
as well as Food Security Assessment during the
Flood and Drought in Cambodia for year 2002
with
World Food Programme (WFP), CARE, Action
Against Hunger (AAH), and Oxfam of Great
Britain in Cambodia
Flood Early Warning
and
Development

The weather forecast and predicting the
extent and severity of flood disaster was not
accurate. As a consequence, the level of
preparedness was inadequate.”

Prior to the flood season of 2000, 2001
flood prediction was based on manual
calculation.[i] During the flood season of
2000, the hydrological flood forecast model
(FFM) which is based on computer
spreadsheet (Excel) software was used.
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Despite of this improvement, flood prediction was
for one day forewarning only. Indeed, from a
preparedness perspective, the length of
forewarning was not adequate. Additionally,
although television broadcasts provide situational
update on the damages of flood, no public
awareness about its consequences and what local
actions need to be taken before and during the
flood were provided.

During the flood season, an emergent
organization was established. The National
Committee for Flood Protection and
Management of the RGC was established in
September 8, 2000 as a framework for flood
forecasting and response. The Committee is
headed by the Ministry of Water Resources
and Meteorology
Cooperative Project on Flood Early
Warning at the community base
between NCDM and AAH in Kampong
Cham and Kampong Spue Province
-Provided training to the local authority
and stakeholder
-Build up the staff gauges in the flood
prone areas (2003 and 2004)
Damage and Needs Assessment
Mobile Home Project
Disaster Relief
Safe Area Development
National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)
Disaster Management & Countermeasures
Resource Mobilization
ORKUN
Thank You for your attention