Transcript Security_Judiciary_Briefing_PPD_Jul14

Zanzibar Tourism
Safety & Security
August 2014
ZATI & Best-AC: Background
 In early 2013, ZATI secured funding from the Business
Environment Strengthening in Tanzania – Advocacy
Component (BEST-AC) to examine areas of concern to
the industry.
 Best-AC is funded by governments of Denmark,
Netherlands, Sweden and the UK.
 The project’s objective is to enhance the quality and
credibility of PSOs to engage effectively in public-private
dialogue and to advocate for improvements in the
business environment.
Who is affected by Crime?
• Wananchi
• Wenyeji
• Wageni
WOTE
WHY IS TOURISM IMPORTANT FOR ZANZIBAR?
1.
Significant source of income for Zanzibar
- Largest source of foreign exchange, 27%GDP, 80%FDI,
generating export earnings of about $USD 1.35 bn in Tanzania
2.
Source of quality jobs for Tanzanians. 15,000 direct, 50,000
indirect – 50% of jobs by 2020.
3.
Strong and numerous linkages to the rest of the economy provide
opportunities for other sectors
4.
Pro-poor industry (VCA 2009 $18million annually to Zanzibaris)
5.
Attracts investment (domestic and foreign) that can:
- Be a steward of natural beauty
- Promote and protect cultural heritage
Source: National Bureau of Statistics; Tanzania National Competitiveness' Report 2011
WHY IS SECURITY IMPORTANT FOR TOURISM?
 Security a key decision when choosing a
holiday destination.
 Arrivals and receipts decrease immediately
after well-publicized security incidents in major
tourism destinations.
 Social and economic well-being of Zanzibar
seriously endangered by potential security
incursions
Security in Zanzibar
Types of Tourism Crime
1. Papasi and Beach Boys – harassment and threats
2. Muggers with knives in town and shamba
3. Burglars who break into private homes –pangas
4. Individuals / groups who attack tourists on the beaches, or in
hotel rooms – knives / pangas
5. Gangs who attack hotels at night, breaking through security,
violent and armed. Pangas..GUNS
6. Acid Attacks – Worrying new development.
UNGUJA ISLAND
MAIN TOURISM AREAS
North-West
North-East
Stone
Town
SouthEast
SECONDARY / DEVELOPING TOURISM AREAS
North-West
North
North-East
Central
West
Stone
Town
SouthWest
South
Central
East
SouthEast
LOCATION OF MAIN POLICE STATIONS
North-West
North
North-East
Central
West
Stone
Town
SouthWest
South
Central
East
SouthEast
ARMED ATTACKS ON HOTELS / RESIDENCES
North-West
North
North-East
Central
West
Stone
Town
SouthWest
South
Central
East
SouthEast
AREAS OF VIOLENT MUGGINGS
North-West
North
North-East
Central
West
Stone
Town
SouthWest
South
Central
East
SouthEast
AREAS OF BREAK-IN THEFT
North-West
North
North-East
Central
West
Stone
Town
SouthWest
South
Central
East
SouthEast
Analysis of Reported Incidences
2011/13
What are the reasons?
CAUSES
 Growing population, many
unemployed due to poor education
 Decline in general morality
 Easy access and communication
 Investors and Tourists are seen as
‘easy targets’
 Rapid growth of tourism
ISSUES
 Not enough police stations
 Police lack resources, attitude and
training
 Low crime solving rate
 Lack of accountability – police often let
off criminals
 Judiciary system does not follow up.
 Hotels have to employ outsiders
(i.) Crime Prevention
 Greater / more effective police
presence
-Static (More Police posts and barracks)
-Mobile (Cars, bikes, boats, fuel)
-Communication (networks, equipment)
-Training of the force – management, leadership,
responsibilities
(i) Obstacles:
 Police Force falls under Ministry of Home Affairs, based
in Dar es Salaam.
 A centralized Union organ, policing both Zanzibar and
Tanzania Mainland
 Zanzibar is one of 28 regions, each with their own
demands, although the only one with a dedicated
Commissioner.
 Funding affected by political decisions made by Union
Government
Potential Solutions:
 RGZ implements legal provisions to bring in
VALANTIA, JKU, KMKM to work with Police in ensuring
safety and security of isles.
 RGZ allocate sufficient resources to allow for Tourism
Police to fulfil their mandate, under a Public/Private
Sector steering committee.
 Legally recognize and build capacity of Polisi Jamii in
urban/rural community areas for the benefit of
wananchi and tourism stakeholders.
(ii) Criminal Arrest
 Follow-up after the event of a
crime committed
- Quick action – Rapid Response teams
- Criminal Investigation Department on scene
- Effective paperwork procedures
(ii) Challenges
 Insufficient or sparsely-located Police Stations with
inadequate resources for efficient criminal investigation.
 Time required to mobilise investigation team and
current practices invalidate procedures
 Ineffective and outdated evidence and paperwork
requirements slow investigation
(ii) Potential Solutions
 Build new Police Stations in areas of principal tourism
presence. Possibility for PPP Projects, as in
Kendwa/Nungwi and Kiwengwa.
 Presence of Tourism Liaison Police Officers to assist,
advise and expedite processes
 Support vehicles on secondment from other departments or
auxiliary security services, including KMKM, JKU etc.
 Amend the Zanzibar Evidence Act and Criminal
Procedures Act to simplify and expedite procedures,
remove the need for the victim to be present during
procedures, represented instead by Police.
(iii) Prosecution
 Efficient, clean judicial system
 Prosecuting council on quick response, with rotating
judges and magistrates in regional courts.
 Tourism Court in permanent operation
 Bail/Fines/Sentencing .. As appropriate
 Heavier sentencing: Categorize serious crimes against
tourism under the Prevention of Terrorism Act or
Economic Crimes and Corruptions Act?
Other Recommendations:
 Tourism Police: Allocate necessary resources to make
the unit active, and undertake a capacity-building
exercise under a PPP steering committee.
 Polisi Jamii: Community Policing, undertaken by local
communities in conjunction with tourism stakeholders
to patrol villages and beaches.
 Capacity-building and training of both forces through
overseas specialists.
 Enhance greater collaboration between the tourism
stakeholders and law enforcement agencies.
Other Recommendations (2)
 Reform Business and Local Government laws to
manage and punish informal traders (papasi) that have
not registered with local shehas.
 Re-classify harassment as ‘extortion’ allowing for
stronger measures to deal with papasi under the
Zanzibar Penal Act no6. (2004).
 Government to work with industry in preparing a
‘security code of conduct’, requiring an agreed policy
when it comes to employment, evacuation, training,
insurance and resources of in-house security forces.
Policy Recommendations
 Address the issues of Zanzibari youth’s marginalization,
unemployment and drug use.
 Establish tourist offender register.
 Educating the public about the importance of the tourism
industry and broader civic education.
 Develop ‘fit-for-purpose’ vocational training centres to
enhance employment prospects of Zanzibaris.
 Implement an effective information and PR management
system to influence the dissemination of information about
criminal activity and incidents when they do occur
And what are the consequences?
Kenya 2013/14
 After Westgate attacks, tourism receipts for Kenya are predicted to fall by $215m
this year, affecting GDP by 0.5%.
Lamu Travel Warning
 The tourism industry in Lamu, Kenya, has dropped by more than 70% in
2011/2012 due to insecurity and travel advisories after the kidnappings and murder
of tourists. Hotels incurred great losses and staff layoffs.
IN THE CASE OF A NEGATIVE TRAVEL ADVISORY, INSURANCE COMPANIES
WILL NOT OFFER PERSONAL TRAVEL INSURANCE TO TOURISTS.
Recent Negative Publicity
on the Internet (i)
Virtual Tourist Website (Most viewed post)
“They woke us up by shining torches in our eyes.
They told us they would kill us if we made a sound, and to give
them all our money and belongings.
One of the men held a machete to my throat..
In a country rife with corruption the Islanders do not have
confidence in the Police.
If Zanzibar wants to retain its reputation as a tropical paradise
holiday destination, they will need to ensure that their
tourists are well protected.”
Recent Negative Publicity
on the Internet (iii)
 TripAdvisor
“Be careful of papasi in Stone Town - some are drug addicts
and just want to make some fast money.”
 Virtual Tourist
“The least-appealing aspect of our stay in Stone Town was the
amount of hassle we were subjected to by touts - fake
guides aggressively touting for business.”
Recent Negative Publicity
on the Internet (iv)
 Bradt Guide / Expert Africa
"Zanzibar has more issues to grapple with
than do other countries in sub-Saharan
Africa.
It is more dangerous to visit Zanzibar
then many other places."
Recent Negative Publicity
on the Internet (v)
 Aftermath of acid attacks – UK Media – The Daily Telegraph, Daily Mail,
The Times:
 “Many hotels in Stone Town said that many tourists had
cancelled bookings in the wake of the attack, either
avoiding Zanzibar altogether or …heading straight for
island’s beaches. “
 “Zanzibar: An exotic island with too many ghosts.”
 “…militant Islamism began stalking the East African
seaboard, with al-Qaeda recruiting not just from
Zanzibar …”
 “It remains, despite appearances, a fairly unsecure place…”
Official Tourism Vision
“To become a growing upmarket Tourism economy that
creates jobs, alleviates poverty,
protects the environment and
preserves the culture in
Zanzibar”
CONCLUSIONS
 Usipoziba ufa, utajenga ukuta
 Usalaama kwanza
 Utalii Kwa Wote
 Pamoja tujengee Zanzibar