Transcript Hydrography the Basic Unit of Measurement in the Sea

Hydrography…
The first geospatial layer
The cornerstone of mapping
the bottom and understanding
ocean structure and dynamics ….
Why Hydrography?
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Efficient and Safe Maritime transit
Coastal Zone Management
Utilization of Marine resources
Environmental Protection and Management
National Data Bases
Maritime Boundary delimitation
National Defense
Tourism and recreation
Mitigating coastal hazards
Efficiency and Economy of
Navigation
• Excluding Mexico and Canada, 95% of U.S overseas trade
by tonnage is carried on the sea.
• Maritime commerce is the basic element for a nation's
economy
• UKC and shorter transits underscore the value
hydrographers’ passages
• $590B through US Ports 1996 (Year of the Ocean)
• Charting must be brought up to world-class standards
Safety of Navigation
• Chapter V Regulation 9 of SOLAS Convention
– Hydrographic Services must provide:
• Hydrographic surveying adequate for local navigation
requirements
• Issue nautical charts and other pertinent documents which
satisfy the need for safe navigation
• Promulgate Notice to Mariners (NTM)
• Data management to provide for these services
• Standardized charting
• Coordination to ensure the dissemination of data and
information on a world wide basis
Coastal Zone Management
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New Port Construction
Maintenance and development of existing port facilities
Dredging operations for depth maintenance
Monitoring and improving channels
Dumping grounds for waste
Utilization of mineral deposits
Aquaculture
Public works activities
Marine Protected Areas
Utilization of Marine Resources
• Hydrocarbon exploration depends on bathymetry data
• Fishing industry depends on depth information for safe
deployment of equipment and detection of fishing banks
• Charts can help determine patterns in
geomorphology and unknown resources
Environmental Protection and
Management
• Pollution Control
• Hazardous spill control
• Scientific research such as Global Tidal
and circulation models which require
quality Bathymetric data for validity
• Monitoring programs using in
situ instrumentation
National Data Bases
• Well managed geospatial data are essential for commercial,
economic development, and environmental protection
• Bathymetry is an important part of a national data base
infrastructure which includes topography, geodesy,
geophysics, and meteorology
Maritime Boundary Delimitation
• UNCLOS - Signatory nations can submit claims for
boundary extensions beyond 200 NM based on bathy
(2500 meter), change in shelf slope and geology. There is
only one way to determine the slope.
• Nautical charts provide the only accurate and officially
recognized source of this information
National Maritime Defense
• Navies and Coast Guards are major users of charting
products.
• Transportation of conventional and nuclear munitions
make safe navigation essential.
• Surface, sub-surface, mining, anti submarine,
air-sea operations depend on
nautical charts and products
Tourism and Recreational
Boating
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Cruise ships depend on safe navigation and potential
growth in this area is staggering
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Digital charts will bring the
recreational boater into concert
with other navigators.
Tourism and Recreational
Boating
•
Cruise ships depend on safe navigation and potential
growth in this area is staggering
•
Digital charts will bring the
recreational boater into concert
with other navigators.