Transcript Romania

România
România (today)
• Area: 238 391 km2( 3% water)
• Population (2011): 19.043.767 inhabitants
• Capital: Bucharest (1,7 milion inhabitants) – 10th largest city
in the Europe
• Romania’s GDP: 131,7 bilion € (6169€ / per capita)
• Poland’s GDP: 381,3 bilion € (9900€ / per capita)
• Public debt: 35,2% (Poland’s– 55,6%)
România (today)
• Official language: Romanian
• Regional languages: Hungarian, Ukrainian, German, Serbian,
Russian
• Ethnic groups: 88.6% Romanians, 6.5% Hungarians, 3.2%
Roma, 1.7% other minorities
România (today)
• 2004: Romania became a member of NATO
• 2007: Romania became a member of EU
• Romania is a member of: Latin Union, Francophonie, OSCE,
WTO, BSEC, United Nations
Geography
• 35% - mountains (Carpathian Mountains),
• 35% - hills
• 30% - plains
• Highest point: 2544m (Moldoveanu peak)
Ethimology
• Name of Romania derives from Latin „romanus”, meaning
„citizen of Rome”
• 1521: Wallachia is mentioned as Țeara Rumânească ("The
Romanian Land", țeara from the Latin terra, "land"; current
spelling: Țara Românească)
• 1554: Polish historian Orichovius (Stanisław Orzechowski)
written about Romanians „they call themselves as Romini like
Romans, but in our language (polish) their name is Walachi,
like Italians”
History
• 42 000-year-old human remains were discovered in the „Cave
With Bones”
• Europe’s oldest known remains may have been among the
first modern humans to have entered the continent.
• The Neolithic-Age Cucuteni area in northeastern Romania was
the western region of the earliest European civilization
• The earliest known salt works in the world is at Poiana Slatinei
(the first used in the early Neolithic, around 6500 BC)
History
• Our anchestors are Dacians who belong to Getae tribes, a
branch of Thracian people
• In 107 AD, Roman Empire leaded by its emperor Trajan
defetead Dacia and annexed the southeastern part of it to
Roman Empire (the part where gold and silver mines were)
• In 271 AD, Romans abandoned this territory
• Dacia was invaded by various migratory populations like
Goths, Huns, Gepids, Avars, Bulgars, Pechenegs, and Cumans
Formation and
independence
• Little Union: 24.01.1859 (Wallachia and Moldavia formed
Romanian Principalities)
• Independence from Ottoman Empire: 9.05.1877, recognized
internationaly in 1878
• Great Union: 1.12.1918 (Romanian Principalities unites with
Bessarabia, Bukovina and Transylvania and form Kingdom of
Romania) around 295.000 km2
Government
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Unitary semi-presidential repulic
President: Traian Basescu
Prime Minister: Victor Ponta
President of the Senate: Crin Antonescu
President of the Chamber: Valeriu Zgonea
Administrative divisions
• 41 counties and the municipality of Bucharest.
• 319 cities
-103 of the larger cities have municipality statuses
• 2 686 communes
Environment
• 3 700 plant species (23 natural monuments, 74 missing, 39
endangered, 171 vulnerable and 1 253 rare)
• 33 792 species of animals
• 33 085 invertebrate.
• 10 000 km2 (around 5% of Romania) of protected areas
covering 13 national parks and three biosphere reserves: the
Danube Delta (5,800 km2), Retezat National Park, and Rodna
National Park
• Danube Delta, the second largest and best preserved delta in
Europe, and a biodiversity included in World Heritage Site
Economy (main exports)
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raw materials
military equipment
pharmaceuticals
fine chemicals,
agricultural products (fruits,
vegetables, and flowers)
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cars
software
clothing and textiles
industrial machinery
electrical and electronic
equipment
• metallurgic products
Transport
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Roads: 78 000 km
Motorways: 527 km
Rail road: 10 788 km
Airports: 61 airports
Metro: 67 km – 49 stops (only in Bucharest)
• Ports:
- on the Black Sea: 4 ports
- on the Danube–Black Sea Canal: 4 ports
- on the Danube River: 17 ports
Structure of the education
Tourism
• According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, Romania
is the fourth fastest growing country in the world in terms of
travel and tourism total demand, with a yearly potential
growth of 8% from 2007 to 2016
Prahova
Geography
• Area: 4 716 km².
• The relief is split in
approximately equal parts
between the mountains, the
hills and the plain.
• Main river: Prahova River.
Prahova
• Population: 735 903 inhabitants
• Density: 156,4 inhabitants/km².
• Capital of the county: Ploieşti (197 542 inhabitants)
• It is Romania's most populated county, having a population
density double than the country's mean.
Economy
• The area contains the main oil reserves in Romania having a
long tradition in extracting and refining the oil. The county is
heavily industrialized, more than 115,000 people being
involved in an industrial activity. It realizes over 8% of the
country's industrial production.
• Some of the biggest international corporations like Coca-Cola,
Unilever, InBev, Johnson Controls, Cameron, Weatherford,
Michelin, Timken and others have invested heavily in the
recent years.
Economy
The predominant industries in the county are:
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Oil industry - almost 50% of the county's industrial production.
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Oil extracting equipment.
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Chemical industry.
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Rubber industry.
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Mechanical components industry.
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Food and beverages industry.
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Textile industry.
• Agriculture is also developed - in the southern part mainly extensive
agriculture and the hills area is well suited for wines and fruit
orchards. In total it realises about 3% of the country's agricultural
production.
Tourism
The Prahova Valley is one of the areas with the highest tourist potential in
the country having one of the best tourism facilities in Romania, like:
• On the Prahova Valley (resorts): Sinaia, Buşteni, Azuga, Bucegi
Mountains.
• On the Teleajen River Valley: Vălenii de Munte Resort, Cheia, Slănic,
Zăganul Mountains, Ciucaş Mountains.
• On the Doftana River Valley: Teleaga, Valea Doftanei, Gârbova
Mountains.
• The city of Ploieşti.
• The city of Câmpina.
Administrative divisions
• 2 municipalities
• 12 towns
• 90 communes
Câmpina
Câmpina
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First documentary mention: 1503
in 1593 - is recorded as a customs point on the road to Transylvania.
in 1663 - became a fair
in 1864 - is raised to the rank of city.
in 1890 - in Campina it was raised the first scaffold oil in the country
in 1895 - was built the refinery "Factory New ", at that time the
largest in Europe.
• in 1994 - Campina was declared a municipality.
• The history of the city will be strongly connected with oil industry.
• Population: 31770 inhabitants
Education
There are 5 high schools in Campina:
• Nicolae Grigorescu National College
• Forestier Industrial High School
• Energetic Industrial High School
• Constantin Istrati Technical College
• Machines Construction Industrial High School
• There is also a Police Agents School, Şcoala de Agenţi de Poliţie
"Vasile Lascăr", one of the two police agents schools in the
country.
• 2 post high-schools: Louis Pasteur Nursing and Pharma School.
Tourist attractions
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"Nicolae Grigorescu" Memorial Museum
Iulia Hasdeu Castle
Biserica de la Han (de la brazi) (The Inn Church)
Geo Bogza Cultural Center
Casa Tineretului (The House of the Youth)
The House with Griffons (the actual city-hall), The first school iof the world
of masters in oil extraction and first building with electric gates in
Romania.
The Hernea Chapel
The Saint Nicholas Parish
Fântâna cu Cireşi (on the Muscel hill)
Muscel, Ciobu and Piţigaia hills
Prahova and Doftana riverbanks
Near "Paltinu" Dam
Thank you!