Transcript Chap001 - Dr. Gehan Dhameeth

CHAPTER
1
What Is Strategy and
Why Is It Important?
Instructor:
Dr.Gehan Shanmuganathan
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Part 1 Strategy Analysis
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LO 1-1 Define competitive advantage, sustainable competitive
advantage, competitive disadvantage, and competitive parity.
LO 1-2 Define strategy and explain its role in a firm’s quest for
competitive advantage.
LO 1-3 Explain the role of firm effects and industry effects in determining
firm performance.
LO 1-4 Describe the role of corporate, business, and functional managers
in strategy formulation and implementation.
LO 1-5 Outline how business models put strategy into action.
LO 1-6 Describe and assess the opportunities and challenges managers
face in the 21st century.
LO 1-7 Critically evaluate the role that different stakeholders play in the
firm’s quest for competitive advantage.
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ChapterCase 1 The Premature Death of a Google Forerunner at Microsoft
• Google founded in 1998
 Two graduate students at Stanford
PageRank algorithm a clear improvement
 Today, it is world’s leading online search/advertising firm

• Microsoft bought LinkExchange in 1998
 Keywords product for search engines was shut down
• Microsoft considered buying Overture Services
in 2003
 Gates and Ballmer passed on the deal

Yahoo buys Overture for its own search product
• Microsoft launches its own search in 2009
 Bing now partnered with Yahoo
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WHAT STRATEGY IS: GAINING AND SUSTAINING
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
• What Is Competitive Advantage?
 Superior performance relative to competitors

Examples: Google, Duke Basketball, Pfizer’s Lipitor
• What Is Strategy?
 Goal-directed actions to gain and sustain competitive
advantage
 NOT a zero-sum game

Win – win scenarios – co-opetition
 Requires trade-offs for strategic positioning
JCPenney vs. Neiman Marcus
 Southwest Airlines vs. Delta Song

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What Strategy Is NOT….
• Raking in every penny
the firm can get
 Profit is a
consequence of good
strategy, it is NOT the
main goal!
• Operational
effectiveness
 Enterprise Resource
Planning (ERP)
 Benchmarking
 Six Sigma
 “Necessary but not
sufficient” such as
Lean Manufacture
1-6
Strategy Across the Levels
• Where to Compete?
 Should GE move more
• CORPORATE
STRATEGY
aggressively into the
health care industry?
• How to Compete?
 Should GE jet engines
have better fuel efficiency
than Rolls Royce?
• How to Implement?
 Should GE human
• BUSINESS
STRATEGY
• FUNCTIONAL
STRATEGY
resources recruit more
science graduates?
1-7
BUSINESS MODELS:
• PUTTING STRATEGY INTO ACTION
 Razor-blade model
 Subscription model
• How is the firm going to make money to
continue operations?
• What’s happening now between Microsoft &
Google?
 Business models in opposite directions
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STRATEGY IN THE 21ST CENTURY
• Accelerating Technological Change
 84 years for half of U.S. families to own a car
 28 years for half to own a TV
 6 years for an MP3 player
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EXHIBIT 1.5
Accelerating Speed of Technological Change
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STRATEGY IN THE 21ST CENTURY
• Future Industries
 HEALTH CARE

In the U.S., over 16% of GDP and still growing
 GREEN ECONOMY

Potentially large growth in energy efficiency and technologies
 WEB 2.0

Interactivity and using collective intelligence on the Internet
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STRATEGY HIGHLIGHT 1.1
Threadless: Leveraging Crowdsourcing
to Design Cool T-Shirts
• Online apparel company
 Started in 2000 by 2 students with $1,000
 “Prosumers” – a hybrid supplier/customer

Shirt designs are submitted by the community

Designs are voted on by the online community
– Only winning designs are produced & sold
Threadless Interview
1–12
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STAKEHOLDERS
• Successful business generates societal value
• Stakeholders – are affected by firm’s actions
 Internal
 External
• Vary by industry
 Autos
 Investment banking
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THE AFI STRATEGY FRAMEWORK
• Analyze (A)
 Getting Started; External & Internal Analysis

Chapters 1 thru 5
• Formulate (F)
 Business and Corporate Strategy

Chapters 6 thru 10
• Implement (I)
 Organizational Design & Corporate Governance

Chapters 11 thru 12
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CHAPTERCASE 1 Consider This…
• Microsoft has a new partner in the competition
for a search engine with Google… FACEBOOK
• In fall 2010, Mark Zuckerberg announced their
surprising decision to partner with the “really
scrappy…underdog” …Bing !!
• The partners are aiming to make “search more
social”
• “Our approach is about the speed of getting
things done…not the speed of high volume of
results”
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