Transcript Nonfiction
Nonfiction Elizabeth Lamb-Mauney 10th Grade Literature & Composition What is Nonfiction? Written works intended to give facts, or true accounts of real things and events. Forms of Nonfiction Speeches Memoir How-to manual Encyclopedia/Dictionary Biography Autobiography Technical Text Essay What is Rhetoric? The art or study of using language effectively and persuasively Ethos- appeal to credibility, beliefs Logos- appeal to logic Pathos- appeal to emotions Logos Reason (logos) - support your general claims with concrete, specific data. Reason which begins with specifics and moves toward a generalization is inductive. Example: Several clubs have reported difficulty completing their business during lunch period. This proves that lunch periods should be longer. Reason which starts with a general observation and moves to specifics is deductive. Example: When people hurry, inefficiency and poor communication are the results. Under current conditions clubs must hurry at lunch time meetings. Therefore, lunch period should be lengthened to allow for better club meetings. Logos, continued Use two or three different strong reasons to support your argument. Support your reasons with evidence. – – – – – – Facts - can be proven. Expert opinions or quotations Definitions - statement of meaning of word or phrase Statistics - offer scientific support Examples - powerful illustrations Anecdote - incident, often based on writer's personal experiences – Present opposition - and give reasons and evidence to prove the opposition wrong – Conclude with call to action - urge the reader to do something Logos in Advertising Once your tooth enamel is gone, it can be gone for good. Shield against acid attack and help prevent irreversible tooth enamel loss with the Crest Pro-Health Enamel Shield Regimen. Crest Pro-Health Enamel Shield Toothpaste Crest Pro-Health Enamel Shield Toothpaste protects against tooth enamel loss in three ways: It binds to enamel to form a micro-thin shield, it kills acid-producing bacteria, and it remineralizes teeth to strengthen enamel. Crest Pro-Health is the only toothpaste that protects all these areas dentists check most: Fights cavities Fights tartar Whitens teeth Freshens breath Fights sensitivity Fights plaque Fights gingivitis More Logos Ethos Ethics (ethos) - convince your readers that the speaker (you) is fair, honest, and well informed. They will then trust your values and intentions. In other words, make it clear that the speaker (you) has the experience to know what he or she is talking about. Ethos in Advertising More Ethos Pathos Emotion (pathos) - a carefully reasoned argument will be strengthened by an emotional appeal. Use description or narrate an example, often from your own experience. Your point of view is demonstrated in an emotional appeal, and is important to the audience. Use careful word choice. Pathos in Advertising How to Build a Strong Argument Introduction - establish your argument, and clarify the importance of the issue. Statement of the Case - tell story behind the argument, offering background information Proposition Statement - carefully state central proposition, as a thesis statement would be given Refutation - refute opposition arguments, exposing faulty reasoning Confirmation - develop your case, using examples, facts, statistics (logos) Digression - appealing anecdote or description, offering ethos or pathos Conclusion - finish with strong conviction; review main points, or suggest call to action Speeches “The New Frontier” ~John F. Kennedy “I Have a Dream” ~Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.