A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 5e

Download Report

Transcript A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 5e

A+ Guide to Managing
and Maintaining Your PC
Fifth Edition
Introducing Hardware
You Will Learn…

That a computer requires both hardware and
software to work

About the many different hardware
components inside and connected to a
computer
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
2
Hardware Needs Software to
Work


Hardware

Physical components of a computer

Visible part of a system
Software

Set of instructions that directs hardware to
accomplish a task

The intelligence
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
3
Functions of a Computer
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
4
PC Hardware Components

Outside computer case: input/output devices

Inside the case: processing and storage


CPU – most important component
Requirements of a hardware device

Method for CPU to communicate with it

Software to instruct and control it

Electricity to power it
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
5
Hardware Used for Input and
Output

Connects to computer case by ports (eg, serial,
parallel, USB, game, keyboard, mouse)

Popular input devices:


Keyboard

Mouse
Popular output devices:

Monitor

Printer
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
6
Ports
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
7
Input Devices
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
8
Output Devices
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
9
Hardware Inside the Case
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
10
Motherboard Components

Processing



CPU (most important)
Chip set
Communication with
other devices

Temporary storage

RAM
Cache memory






Programming/setup data
Electrical system

Power supply
connections


Traces
Expansion slots
System clock
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
Flash ROM
CMOS setup chip
11
The Motherboard
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
12
The Motherboard (continued)
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
13
The CPU
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
14
The Chip Set

Controls most activities on the motherboard

Includes several device controllers

USB controller

Memory controller

IDE controller
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
15
The Chip Set (continued)
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
16
Storage Devices


Temporary (primary storage, or memory)

Temporarily holds data and instructions while
processing them

Faster to access than permanent storage
Permanent (secondary storage)

Data and instructions must be copied into primary
storage (RAM) for processing
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
17
Primary and Secondary Storage
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
18
Primary Storage Devices

Memory, or RAM, located on motherboard
and other circuit boards


Volatile versus nonvolatile (or ROM) memory
Types of boards that hold memory chips

SIMMs

DIMMs

RIMMs
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
19
Secondary Storage Devices

Hard drives

CD-ROM drives

DVD drives

Zip drives
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
20
Hard Drive
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
21
IDE Connectors on a
Motherboard
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
22
IDE Connectors on a
Motherboard (continued)
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
23
Hard Drive’s Power Supply
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
24
Connections
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
25
CD-ROM Drive Connection
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
26
Motherboard Components Used for
Communication Among Devices

The data bus

System of pathways used for communication and
the protocol and methods used for transmission
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
27
The Bus and Bus Lines
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
28
Expansion Slots
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
29
Types of Expansion Slots
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
30
Interface (Expansion) Cards
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
31
The Electrical System

Power supply

Most important component of computer’s
electrical system

Converts/reduces electricity to voltage the
computer can handle

Runs a fan directly from electrical output voltage
to cool inside of computer case
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
32
The Electrical System (continued)
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
33
The Electrical System (continued)
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
34
Summary

Introduction to hardware components of a
computer system

Initial insight into how hardware works
A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, Fifth Edition
35