A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 5e
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Transcript A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 5e
A+ Guide to Managing
and Maintaining Your PC
Fifth Edition
Introducing Hardware
You Will Learn…
That a computer requires both hardware and
software to work
About the many different hardware
components inside and connected to a
computer
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Hardware Needs Software to
Work
Hardware
Physical components of a computer
Visible part of a system
Software
Set of instructions that directs hardware to
accomplish a task
The intelligence
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Functions of a Computer
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PC Hardware Components
Outside computer case: input/output devices
Inside the case: processing and storage
CPU – most important component
Requirements of a hardware device
Method for CPU to communicate with it
Software to instruct and control it
Electricity to power it
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Hardware Used for Input and
Output
Connects to computer case by ports (eg, serial,
parallel, USB, game, keyboard, mouse)
Popular input devices:
Keyboard
Mouse
Popular output devices:
Monitor
Printer
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Ports
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Input Devices
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Output Devices
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Hardware Inside the Case
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Motherboard Components
Processing
CPU (most important)
Chip set
Communication with
other devices
Temporary storage
RAM
Cache memory
Programming/setup data
Electrical system
Power supply
connections
Traces
Expansion slots
System clock
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Flash ROM
CMOS setup chip
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The Motherboard
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The Motherboard (continued)
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The CPU
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The Chip Set
Controls most activities on the motherboard
Includes several device controllers
USB controller
Memory controller
IDE controller
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The Chip Set (continued)
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Storage Devices
Temporary (primary storage, or memory)
Temporarily holds data and instructions while
processing them
Faster to access than permanent storage
Permanent (secondary storage)
Data and instructions must be copied into primary
storage (RAM) for processing
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Primary and Secondary Storage
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Primary Storage Devices
Memory, or RAM, located on motherboard
and other circuit boards
Volatile versus nonvolatile (or ROM) memory
Types of boards that hold memory chips
SIMMs
DIMMs
RIMMs
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Secondary Storage Devices
Hard drives
CD-ROM drives
DVD drives
Zip drives
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Hard Drive
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IDE Connectors on a
Motherboard
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IDE Connectors on a
Motherboard (continued)
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Hard Drive’s Power Supply
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Connections
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CD-ROM Drive Connection
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Motherboard Components Used for
Communication Among Devices
The data bus
System of pathways used for communication and
the protocol and methods used for transmission
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The Bus and Bus Lines
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Expansion Slots
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Types of Expansion Slots
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Interface (Expansion) Cards
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The Electrical System
Power supply
Most important component of computer’s
electrical system
Converts/reduces electricity to voltage the
computer can handle
Runs a fan directly from electrical output voltage
to cool inside of computer case
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The Electrical System (continued)
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The Electrical System (continued)
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Summary
Introduction to hardware components of a
computer system
Initial insight into how hardware works
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