Transcript Emergency Operations

NFPA ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS
Module V:
Emergency
Operations
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NFPA ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS
Module V: Emergency Operations
Module V Objectives
Terminal Objective
Analyze simulated crash scenes to determine
appropriate actions.
Enabling Objectives
● Identify unique extrication challenges in
crashes involving P/HEVs and EVs.
● Determine appropriate actions to
extinguish a P/HEV or EV fire.
● Determine appropriate actions to handle
a fire involving a P/HEV or EV battery.
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Introduction
● Many procedures for response to
P/HEV and EV incidents are the
same as for a conventional
incident.
● However, there are some important
differences. Learning to take
appropriate action at P/HEV and EV
incidents is critical.
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NFPA ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS
Module V: Emergency Operations
Module V Outline
Emergency Topics Addressed:
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Initial Response Procedures
Extrications
Battery Breaches
Submersion
Fire and Overhaul
Incidents involving charging stations
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Initial
Procedures
●
Identify
Scene Size Up.
Immobilize
●
Utilize
appropriate PPE
for operations.
Disable
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Extrication
Stabilization
● Standard cribbing
methods are
acceptable.
● Always place
cribbing at vehicle
structural points.
● Avoid fuel lines,
high voltage
cabling, etc.
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Extrication
● High voltage
components and
cabling are usually not
in typical “cut points.”
● Before conducting
extrication operations,
determine location of:
● Occupant
Protection Systems
● High Voltage
Components
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Extrication
Impact of Battery
Location
● Trunk
Tunneling Some models’
batteries are
located
behind the
rear seat.
● Through the Floor - high voltage
cabling and batteries may be in the
way.
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Extrication
High Strength Steel
● High strength / low weight metals are
used frequently in P/HEVs and EVs to
enhance safety and fuel economy.
● Rescue tools
that are
suitable for
these high
strength
metals must
be used.
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Battery
Breach
● Unlikely due to
location and
protective cases.
● Batteries are dry cell. Only a small
amount of electrolyte would leak if crushed.
● Some models will leak liquid coolant.
● There is high voltage electrical shock
hazard if a battery is breached.
● Follow local medical protocols in the event
of exposure to electrolyte.
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Video
Vehicle
Submersion
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Submersion
● Vehicle shell is designed to not be a
shock hazard.
● Damaged high voltage components
could be a hazard.
● Electrical
systems
designed to NOT
energize water.
● Ground fault
circuit
interrupters
also provide
protection.
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Submersion
● Follow standard shutdown procedures.
● If access is a problem, remove the
vehicle from water and then shut down.
● Note: Microbubbling
may occur. This is
NOT a shock hazard,
but a natural result
of electrolysis.
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Video
Vehicle Fires
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Vehicle Fires
● Use NFPA compliant
firefighting PPE and
respiratory protection.
● Utilize standard equipment
for extinguishing any
vehicle fire.
● Do NOT use equipment to
pierce hood, due to HV
components and cabling
near surface.
● Follow normal emergency
shutdown procedures.
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Vehicle Fires
● Copious amounts of
water recommended
for a P/HEV or EV fire.
● Electrical systems
designed to not energize
water (including fire
streams).
● After extinguishment,
determine any HV
battery involvement. Use
thermal imaging
equipment if available.
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Vehicle Fires: Battery Involvement
● If burning internally,
allow battery to
burn itself out (if
situation allows).
● Battery enclosure
will impede direct
extinguishment.
● Constant cooling of
the outside of
battery can slow,
and may prevent,
fire spreading to
adjacent cells.
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Vehicle Fires: Battery Involvement
● Each type produces
different byproducts
when burning.
● Byproducts can be
harmful, and require
full PPE and SCBA in
accordance with NFPA
standards.
As always, protect
bystanders from exposure.
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Overhaul
● Avoid all high voltage components.
● Relays in the HV battery could be
damaged or welded in closed position.
● Always treat the
high voltage
components as
hazardous.
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Incidents Involving Charging Stations
Fires
● Treat as any
energized electrical
fire in a structure.
● Shut down power
to charging
station.
● Perform
extinguishment
operations.
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Incidents Involving Charging Stations
Collision
● Shut down charging station power source.
● If a vehicle is
struck while at
charging station,
turn off charging
station power
before operations.
● Identify,
Immobilize,
Disable.
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Real World Incidents
The following slides
contain images and
anecdotal information
from a series of actual
vehicle crash scenes
involving hybrid and
electric vehicles.
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Photo by Kevin Cooney
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Photos by Kevin Cooney
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Photos by Kevin Cooney
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Activity 5.1
Emergency Operations
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You will be given three scenarios. Each is
an emergency incident involving a P/HEV
or EV.
Working in your assigned group, answer
the following questions for each scenario.
1. What did you gather from a size-up?
What hazards are present?
2. What actions should be taken to:
Ensure a safe work environment?
Mitigate and Control the Incident?
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Scenario 1
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1. What did you gather from a size-up? What hazards are
present?
2. Using your size up and experience, what actions should
be taken to:
- Ensure a safe work environment?
- Mitigate and Control the Incident?
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Scenario 2
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1. What did you gather from a size-up? What hazards are
present?
2.
Using your size up and experience, what actions should
be taken to:
- Ensure a safe work environment?
- Mitigate and Control the Incident?
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Scenario 3
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1. What did you gather from a size-up? What hazards are
present?
2.
Using your size up and experience, what actions should
be taken to:
- Ensure a safe work environment?
- Mitigate and Control the Incident?
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Module V Summary
Many response procedures for P/HEV and EV
incidents are the same as for incidents involving
conventional vehicles.
Special response considerations for P/HEV and
EV incidents include:
Identification
Shut Down and Immobilization
Avoiding High Voltage Components
Battery Involvement
High Strength Steel
Charging Station Hazards
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