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EPILEDS 有機發光二極體 Organic Light-Emitting Diodes 講師 : 侯政杰 2014/05/09 EPILEDS Outline Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Motivation How OLED works Types of OLEDs Advantages and Challenges Current and Future Applications OLED Display and OLED Lighting Technology and Market Forecast OLED Display New OLED Display Products Technology Challenges and New Progress OLED Suppliers and New Fab Activities Past 11 Years Future 7 Years OLED Lighting Market Drivers OLED Lighting Challenges OLED Lighting Market Forecast EPILEDS 41 in Samsung Prototype Motivation EPILEDS How OLED Works • • • • • Cathode Emissive Layer Conductive Layer Anode Substrate EPILEDS How OLED Works 1. 2. 3. Voltage applied across Cathode and Anode 1. Typically 2V-10V Current flows from cathode to anode 1. Electrons flow to emissive layer 2. Electrons removed from conductive layer leaving holes 3. Holes jump into emissive layer Electron and hole combine and light emitted EPILEDS How OLED Works • Different Colors – type of organic molecule in the emissive layer – 3 molecules used -RGB • Intensity/brightness – amount of current EPILEDS • • • • • • Types of OLEDs Passive-matrix OLED Active-matrix OLED Transparent OLED Top-emitting OLED Flexible OLED White OLED EPILEDS Passive-Matrix OLED (PMOLED) • Perpendicular cathode/anode strip orientation • Light emitted at intersection (pixels) • External circuitry – Turns on/off pixels • External circuitry • Large power consumption – Used on 1-3 inch screens – Alphanumeric displays EPILEDS Active-Matrix OLED (AMOLED) • Full layers of cathode, anode, organic molecules • Thin Film Transistor matrix (TFT) on top of anode – Internal circuitry to determine which pixels to turn on/off • Less power consumed then PMOLED – Used for larger displays EPILEDS Transparent OLED TOLED • Transparent substrate, cathode and anode • Bi-direction light emission • Passive or Active Matrix OLED • Useful for heads-up display – Transparent projector screen – glasses EPILEDS Top-emitting OLED TEOLED • Non-transparent or reflective substrate • Transparent Cathode • Used with Active Matrix Device • Smart card displays EPILEDS Flexible OLED • Flexible metalic foil or plastic substrate • Lightweight and durable • Reduce display breaking • Clothing OLED EPILEDS White OLED • Emits bright white light • Replace fluorescent lights • Reduce energy cost for lighting • True Color Qualities EPILEDS Cellphone backlight white OLED vs standard LED from Organic Lighting Technologies LLC White OLED EPILEDS OLED Advantages over LED and LCD • Thinner, lighter and more flexible • Plastic substrates rather then glass • High resolution (<5um pixel size) and fast switching (1-10um) • Do not require backlight, light generated • Low voltage, low power and emissive source • Robust Design (Plastic Substrate) • Larger sized displays • Brighter- good daylight visibility • Larger viewing angles -170o EPILEDS OLED Disadvantages • Lifetime – White, Red, Green 46,000-230,000 hours • About 5-25 years – Blue 14,000 hours • About 1.6 years • Expensive • Susceptible to water • Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD market EPILEDS Flexible OLEDs EPILEDS Flexible OLEDs EPILEDS OLED lighting EPILEDS OLED lighting EPILEDS OLED TV EPILEDS Transparent OLEDs EPILEDS 有機發光二極體之顯示與照明技術及產業發展 OLED Display and OLED Lighting Technology and Market Forecast EPILEDS Outline OLED Display New OLED Display Products Technology Challenges and New Progress OLED Suppliers and New Fab Activities Past 11 Years Future 7 Years OLED Lighting Market Drivers OLED Lighting Challenges OLED Lighting Market Forecast Summary and Strategies EPILEDS The World’s First >100” OLED Display is Passive Matrix EPILEDS New AMOLED Products in the Market - Small Size EPILEDS New AMOLED Products in the Market - Medium/Large Size EPILEDS iPhone 4 vs. Samsung Galaxy S EPILEDS AM OLED vs. AM LCD EPILEDS Obstacles and Solutions for OLED TV EPILEDS OLED Displays Shipment Share EPILEDS AMOLED Supply and Demand EPILEDS Past 11 years EPILEDS Past 11 years EPILEDS Long-Term Annual Revenue Forecast EPILEDS AMOLED Entrance into Medium/Large Applications EPILEDS Market Drivers for OLED Lighting EPILEDS OLED Display and Lighting Differences EPILEDS OLED Lighting: Opportunity is Evolving EPILEDS OLED Lighting Market Forecast EPILEDS Summary and Business Recommendations EPILEDS EPILEDS EPILEDS EPILEDS