Transcript OLED Devices and Applications

OLED Devices and
Applications
By Sarkis Arabyan
23449826
12/4/08
Outline
 Motivation
 How
OLED works
 Types of OLEDs
 Advantages and Challenges
 Current and Future Applications
Motivation
41 in Samsung Prototype
How OLED Works
 Cathode
 Emissive
Layer
 Conductive Layer
 Anode
 Substrate
How OLED Works
Voltage applied across
Cathode and Anode
1.
1.
Current flows from
cathode to anode
2.
1.
2.
3.
3.
Typically 2V-10V
Electrons flow to emissive
layer
Electrons removed from
conductive layer leaving
holes
Holes jump into emissive
layer
Electron and hole
combine and light emitted
How OLED Works
 Different



Colors
type of organic molecule
in the emissive layer
3 molecules used -RGB
Intensity/brightness

amount of current
Types of OLEDs
 Passive-matrix
OLED
 Active-matrix OLED
 Transparent OLED
 Top-emitting OLED
 Foldable OLED
 White OLED
1. Passive-Matrix OLED
(PMOLED)



Perpendicular
cathode/anode strip
orientation
Light emitted at intersection
(pixels)
External circuitry



Turns on/off pixels
External circuitry
Large power consumption


Used on 1-3 inch screens
Alphanumeric displays
2. Active-Matrix OLED
(AMOLED)

Full layers of cathode,
anode, organic
molecules
 Thin Film Transistor
matrix (TFT) on top of
anode


Internal circuitry to
determine which pixels to
turn on/off
Less power consumed
then PMOLED

Used for larger displays
3. Transparent OLED
TOLED

Transparent substrate,
cathode and anode
 Bi-direction light
emission
 Passive or Active Matrix
OLED
 Useful for heads-up
display


Transparent projector
screen
glasses
4. Top-emitting OLED
TEOLED
 Non-transparent
or
reflective substrate
 Transparent Cathode
 Used with Active
Matrix Device
 Smart card displays
5. Foldable OLED
 Flexable
metalic
foil or plastic
substrate
 Lightweight and
durable
 Reduce display
breaking
 Clothing OLED
6. White OLED
 Emits
bright white
light
 Replace fluorescent
lights
 Reduce energy
cost for lighting
 True Color
Qualities
6. White OLED
Cellphone backlight white OLED vs standard
LED from Organic Lighting Technologies LLC
OLED Advantages over LED and
LCD









Thinner, lighter and more flexible
Plastic substrates rather then glass
High resolution (<5um pixel size) and fast
switching (1-10um)
Do not require backlight, light generated
Low voltage, low power and emissive source
Robust Design (Plastic Substrate)
Larger sized displays
Brighter- good daylight visibility
Larger viewing angles -170o
OLED Disadvantages
 Lifetime

White, Red, Green  46,000-230,000 hours
• About 5-25 years

Blue  14,000 hours
• About 1.6 years
 Expensive
 Susceptible
to water
 Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD market
Applications
Kodak LS633 EasyShare with OLED display
The Sony 11-inch XEL-1 OLED TV
Samsung Roadmap
• 2009 - 14,15, and 21 inch OLED panel
• 2010 - 40 to 42 inch full HD OLED panel
Toshiba Roadmap
•2009 – 30 inch Full HD panel
Applications
From OLED Technology Roadmap
Applications
A 2'x2' white light prototype by GE
World’s First OLED Lamp
Applications
http://www.oled-info.com/buy-oled
Conclusions
 Limited
use caused by degradation of
materials.
 OLED will replace current LED and LCD
technologies
 Expensive
 Flexibility and thinness will enable many
applications
Work Cited

Bardsley, James. "International OLED Technology Roadmap." IEEE
JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM
ELECTRONICS. Jan. 2004. IEEE.
<http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?
arnumber=01288066>.

Freudenrich, Craig, Ph.D. "How OLEDs Work."
Howstuffworks. 2008.
<http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/oled.htm>.

OLED-info. "OLED Lights and Sony OLEDs." OLED displays and
television resources, info and news.
2008.
<http://www.oled-info.com/>.

Organic Lighting Technologies. "Technology." Organic
Lighting Technologies LLC. 2006. <http://www.olite.com/technology.htm>.
Q&A