Transcript LOCAL 19 BASIC ELECTRICS CLASS

BASIC ELECTRICS CLASS
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CLASS WILL TEACH
HOW TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENT LIGHTS AND
ACCESSORIES
HOW TO SAFELY HANG, FOCUS, AND
DRESS A PIPE
HOW TO READ PLANS AND PAPERWORK
BASIC ELECTRICITY
PARTS OF A FIXTURE
Ellipsoidal Reflector Spotlight
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Produces hard-edge, focusable beam
Shutters allow for framing of beam
May be used to project steel patterns
(gobo), color patterns on glass (glass
gobos) or color images on dichroic glass
Evenness of field depends on lamp
position within reflector (bench focus)
Long through makes them suitable for
FOH applications.
Labeled by either beam spread (26 deg) or
lens width by focal length (6x12)
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ERS OR “LEKO”
SOURCE 4
ALTMAN 1KL
ALTMAN 360 Q
ALTMAN SHAKESPEARE
Parabolic Aluminized Reflector
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Sealed beam lamp contains filament, envelope,
reflector, and lens all in one package
Wattage dependent on size (max PAR64
1000w)
Beam dependent on lens
Durable, weather resistant
Elliptical beam.
PARCANS
ETC PAR
PAR 56
PAR 64
PAR 46
TYPES OF PAR LAMPS
ACL (Aircraft Landing Light)
NSP (Narrow Spot)
MFL (Medium Flood)
WFL (Wide Flood)
ETC PAR LENSES
Fresnel Spotlight
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Uses Fresnel lens to focus light
Uses a spherical reflector
Distance between lamp / reflector and lens
determines beam width (adjustable spot/flood)
Produces soft light
Very common on movie and TV sets
FRESNELS
ALTMAN 6” FRESNEL
ALTMAN 8” FRESNEL
ARRI 1000
ALTMAN AF FESNEL
PARNel
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CROSS BETWEEN PAR
AND FRESNEL
TWO LENS THAT TWIST
TO CHANGE BEAM
SIZE
KNOB ON BOTTOM TO
SPOT/FLOOD LIKE
FRESNEL
SAME BODY AS ETC
PAR
STRIP LIGHTS AND CYC LIGHTS
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USED TO LIGHT DROPS AND CYCLORAMAS
PROVIDE EVEN WASH LIGHT FOR CYCS AND
DROPS
USUALLY HUNG FROM BATTENS OR PLACED ON
FLOOR (ground row)
COME IN MULTIPLY “CELLS” AND CONFIGUATIONS
USUALLY HEAVY AND LONG (2 man lift)
REFLECTOR SHAPE AND POSITION MATTER TO
BEAM SPREAD
CYC LIGHTS
BROAD CYC
T-3 STRIP LIGHT
SKY CYC
MOVING LIGHTS
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ALSO CALLED INTELLIGENT LIGHTS, AUTOMATED,
OR MOVERS
2 TYPES - MOVING MIRROR AND MOVING YOKE
FIRST APPEARED IN 1979 ON GENESIS TOUR
USE ELECTRIC MOTORS TO FOCUS/POINT,
CHANGE COLOR AND CHANGE TEMPLATES, ZOOM,
AND EDGE/FOCUS
MOST USE DISCHARGE LAMPS, NO DIMMERS
NEEDED
MOVING LIGHTS
MOVING MIRROR
MOVING HEAD
MOVING HEADS
WASH UNIT
SPOT UNIT
SPOT FIXTURES
MAC 2000 PROFILE
VL 6
VL 3000 SPOT
STUDIO SPOT 575
WASH FIXTURES
VL 3500 WASH
VL 5
MAC 2000 WASH
STUDIO COLOR 575
LED’s
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L.E.D.- LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
ELECTRONIC PART THAT EMITS A CERTAIN WAVE
LENGTH OF LIGHT(COLOR) WHEN ELECTRICITY
FLOWS THROUGH IT
USUALLY USED AS AN UPLIGHT,CYC, AND A WASH
LIGHT
GETTING BRIGHTER AND DOING MORE EVERY DAY
USES LESS POWER
GENERATES LESS HEAT
LED FIXTURE
COLOR BLAST TRX
OPTI PAR
COLOR BLAZE 72
IMPRESSION 90
LIGHTING ACCESSORIES
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HARDWARE USED TO HANG OR ALTER HOW LIGHT
COMES OUT OF UNIT
USUALLY PLACED IN OR INFRONT OF FIXTURE
GEL- DEEP DYED POLYESTER THAT IS COLORED
PUT IN FRONT OF FIXTURE TO CHANGE COLOR OF
LIGHT
LIGHTING HARDWARE 1
TOP HAT
HANGING IRON
SIDE ARM
CLAMP TO CLAMP
LIGHTING HARDWARE 2
RIGID CHESEBORO
RING TOP
SWIVEL CHESEBORO
BOOM BASE
LIGHTING HARDWARE 3
FULL SCENERY BUMPER
BARN DOOR
DROP IN IRIS
TEE
HARDWARE 4
TEMPLATE HOLDERS
GEL SWATCH BOOK
COLOR FRAMES
STEEL TEMPLATE
PHOTOMETRICS
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DATA USED TO
DESCRIBE THE
PERFORMANCE OF
LIGHTING
INSTRUMENTS,
SPECIFICALLY THEIR
INTENSITY AND BEAM
SPREAD
COLOR TEMPERATURE
 Color temperature is a characteristic of
visible light, that has important
applications in lighting. Color temperature
is conventionally stated in the unit of
absolute temperature, the kelvin, having
the unit symbol K.
 Color temperatures over 5,000K are called
cool colors (blueish white), while lower
color temperatures (2,700–3,000 K) are
called warm colors (yellowish white
through red).[1]
COLOR TEMPERATURE
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COLOR TEMP IS RELAVENT TO HOW COLORS AND PEOPLE
LOOK
THE SUN IS ROUGHLY 5600k (COOL BLUE WHITE)
INDOOR LIGHT BULBS ARE APPROXIMATELY 3050k (WARM
REDDISH WHITE)
FLOURESCENT BULBS ARE ROUGHLY 4400k (GREENISH
WHITE)
MOVING LIGHT LAMPS ARE 5600k (COOL BLUE WHITE LIGHT)
STAGE LIGHTS ARE 3200k (WARM ORANGE WHITELIGHT)
COLOR TEMPERATURE HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH HOW HOT
THE FIXTURE GETS
THE WAY WHITE LIGHT LOOKS IS RELATIVE TO ITS COLOR
TEMPERATURE AND CAN BE COMPARED TO A RAINBOW, IT
FOLLOWS TO SAME COLOR ORDER AS FAR AS THE QUALITY
OF WHITE LIGHT
BASIC ELECTRICITY
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ELECTRICITY IS THE FLOW OF AN ELECTRIC
CHARGE/CURRENT
ELECTRICTY IS MEASEURED IN 4 CRITERIA:
VOLTAGE- PRESSURE OF ELECTRICTY IN A
CIRCUIT - MEASURE OF ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL
AMPERAGE- AMOUNT OF ELECTRICY IN CIRCUIT MEASURE OF ELECTRICAL CURRENT
RESISTANCE- THE RESISTANCE TO ELECTRIC
FLOW IN A CURCUIT, MEASURED IN OHMS
WATT- HOW MUCH POWER IS USED
THE COMMON FORMULA FOR THIS IS:
WATTS=VOLTAGE x AMPERAGE
BASIC ELECTRICITY
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ELECTRICITY IS TRANSMITTED IN 2 WAYS AC OR
DC
DC- DIRECT CURRENT
AC- ALTERNATING CURRENT
DC- IS BEST DESCRIBED AS BATTERY POWER
AC- IS THE ELECTRICITY IN YOUR HOME OR
OFFICE
IN THE UNITED STATES WE USE 120/208V OR
277/480V POWER AT 60 HERTZ
MOST LIGHTING FIXTURES ARE EITHER 120V OR
208V
DO NOT TOUCH ANYTHING RATED 277V OR 480V
BASIC ELECTRICITY
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OHM’S LAW E=IR
“E” IS VOLTAGE
“I” IS AMPERAGE
“R” IS RESISTANCE
“W” OR “P” IS
POWER(WATTS)
WHEN YOU KNOW 2 OF
THESE VARIABLES
YOU CAN FIGURE OUT
WHAT YOU NEED TO
KNOW
120 VOLT CONNECTORS
STRAIGHT BLADE OR EDISON
TWIST OR LOCKING CONNECTOR
STAGE PIN
208 VOLT CONNECTORS
STRAIGHT BLADE 208V
CONNECTOR
L6-20 208V TWIST LOCK
CONNECTOR
SINGLE POLE LOCKING CONNECTOR
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COMMOMLY CALLED CAM-LOC’S
MUST LOCK BY MATING AND TURN A QUARTER
TURN
USED FOR FEEDER CABLE
MULTI CABLE
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CARRYS 6 CIRCUITS OF POWER
ALSO CALLED SOCAPEX OR VEAM CABLE
NEEDS BREAK OUTS AND INS TO SPLIT INTO
INDIVIDUAL CIRCUITS
DATA CONNECTORS
ETHERCON
3-PIN XLR
5-PIN XLR DMX
DIMMERS
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CONTROLS HOW
BRIGHT(INTENSITY) A
CONVENTIONAL
LIGHTING FIXTURE IS
ON A SCALE OF 1% TO
100%
POWER AND DATA FLOW
LIGHT PLOT
PAPERWORK