Transcript ppt on ntpc - 123SeminarsOnly

PRESENTATION OF INDUSTRIAL
TRAINING ON
THERMAL POWER PLANT
AT NTPC, SHAKTINAGAR
Submitted by:Sunil Kumar Singh.
EN -7th sem.
0708221056
 NTPC,
the largest power Company in India, was
setup in 1975 to accelerate power development in
the country.
 NTPC has installed capacity of 29,394 MW.
 It has 15 coal based power stations (23,395 MW) &
7 gas based power stations (3,955 MW)
 4 power stations in Joint Ventures (1,794 MW).
 The company has power generating facilities in all
major regions of the country.
 It plans to be a 75,000 MW company by 2017.
 Installed Capacity 2000 MW
 Location Sonebhadra, Uttar Pradesh
 Coal Source Jayant mine
 Water Source Rihand Reservoir
 Beneficiary States UttarPradesh,Uttranchal,
Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and,
Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh
 Unit Sizes Stage - I: 5x 200 MW
Stage -II: 2x 500 MW

Prime mover coupled to
Alternator.
 Prime mover is driven by
energy obtained from
various sources such as
burning of fuel , pressure of
water, force of wind etc.
Fig. Fundamental of generation of Electricity
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A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion
into electrical energy is known as a steam power station.
Steam is produced in the boiler by utilizing the heat of coal
combustion. The steam is then expanded in the steam turbine and is
condensed in a condenser to be fed into the boiler again. The steam
turbine drives the alternator which converts mechanical energy of the
turbine into electrical energy.
a. Steam generating equipment
b. Condenser
c. Prime mover
d. Electrical equipment
Steam generating equipment includes:
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Boiler
Superheater
Economiser
Air Pre-heater
Boiler
A boiler is closed vessel in which water is converted into steam by utilising the
heat of coal combustion.
Steam boilers are broadly classified into following two types:
(a) Water tube boilers (b) Fire tube boilers
In a water tube boiler, water flows through the tubes and the hot gases of
combustion flow over these tubes. Water-tube boilers are used for high-pressure
boilers
Figure-water tube boiler
Figure- fire tube boiler
 A device which removes last traces of moisture.
 It helps in reduction in requirement of steam
quantity.
 steam being dry reduces the mechanical resistance
of turbine.
 No corrosion at the turbine blades.
 They
are such devices which recover the heat from
the flue gases on their way to chimney and raise the
temperature of feed water.
 Air Pre-heaters recover the heat from the flue gases
leaving the economiser and heat the incoming air
required for combustion
 Which
condenses the steam at the exhaust of
turbine.
 It creates a very low pressure at the exhaust of
turbine, this helps in converting heat energy of
steam into mechanical energy in the prime mover.
 The condensed steam can be used as feed water to
the boiler.
A steam
turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal
energy from pressurized steam, and converts it into
mechanical energy.
About 86% of all electric generation in the world is by use
of steam turbines.
It has almost completely replaced the reciprocating piston
steam engine.
Turbo
generator
An turbo generator is coupled to a steam turbine and converts
mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy.
It may be hydrogen or air cooled. Rating of turbo generator is
normally 200MW & 500MW.
Transformers
(a) main step-transformers, which steps-up generated voltage
transmission of power
(b) station transformers, general purpose
(c) auxiliary transformers, which supply to individual unitauxiliaries.
Switchgear
which locates fault on the system and isolate faulty part from
healthy section.
It contains circuit breakers, relays, switches and other control
devices.
 Source
of coal = Jayant
Mines (Madhya pradesh)
 Location
of source = Near Singrauli (Madhya pradesh)
 Distance
of source from plant
 Type

of coal = D grade
Coal requirement = 25,000 MT/Day
= 5kms
CHP follows three coal paths:
1.Path A-from track hopper to bunkers
2.Path B-from track hopper to stockyard.
3.Path C-from stockyard to bunker.
Path A-
Path B-
Path C-
MILLS
 Generally thermal power stations use coal mills or
called coal firing system.
 Coal is reduced to fineness (-20mm).
 This fine powdered coal is called pulverized coal and is
carried forward to the burner by air through pipes.
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A natural result from the burning of fossil fuels, particularly coal, is
the emission of flyash. Ash is mineral matter present in the fuel. For a
pulverized coal unit, 60-80% of ash leaves with the flue gas.
Electrostatic precipitator has series of collecting & emitting electrodes
in a chamber.
At the inlet of the chamber there are distributer screen.
Hooper and flushing system form a base of chamber.
Efficiency of ESP is approx. 99.8%
SWITCHYARD
Switchyard is considered as the HEART of power
plant.
It is a junction , which carries the generated power
to its destination.
It is basically an open area where many different
kind of outdoor equipments are located. eg: busbars ,
transformers , circuit breakers etc.
Switch yards can be of 400KV, 132KV.
Figure-switchyard
THANKS