Transcript Natural Gas
Warm Up
• "A black dog stands in the middle of an intersection in
a town painted black. None of the street lights are
working due to a power failure caused by a local
storm. A car with two broken headlights drives towards
the dog but turns in time to avoid hitting him. How
could the driver have seen the dog in time?"
• Mr. and Mrs. Clatter have five children. Half
of them are boys. How is this possible?
What occurs once in every
minute, twice in every
moment, yet never in a
thousand years?
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Natural Resources
Renewable/Non-Renewable Resources
Sustainability
Biodiversity
Conservation
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Natural Resources
Anything made by nature and needed by
living organisms.
Ex. Land, water, air, coal, oil, natural
gas
http://www.arizonamemorial.org/images/page-headers/locations/kalaupapa-natural
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Renewable Resources
– Can be replaced in reasonable amount of
time
– Water, soil, air, and wildlife
Nonrenewable Resources
– Cannot replace rapidly or in fixed quantities
– Minerals and fossil fuels
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Concerns
Population increases
Resources are consumed in greater quantities
Environment degrades as result of use
Demand for resources is major threat to
biodiversity
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Land
Used for a variety
of purposes:
–
–
–
–
Farming
Housing
Mining
Recreation
http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/images/wsci_03_img0308.jpg
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Water, Water Everywhere and
Not a Drop to Drink!
Of ALL the water on Earth . . .
– Only 2.8% is freshwater
Only .7% is not in glaciers or ice caps
– Only .01% is surface water
Only .003% is potable (drinkable)!
www.iowastormwater.org
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Air
50%
of air pollutants in the US
come from transportation
28%
from burning fuels for electric
and heat.
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Fossil Fuels
Derived from plants that died millions of
years ago, thus NON-RENEWABLE
Includes
coal, oil and natural gas.
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Coal
The most abundant fossil fuel.
Burned to produce electricity and for heating.
70% of coal burned in US is to create electricity.
(Rest is used in manufacturing)
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Coal
2/3 of coal mined in US is through
surface mining, or strip mining.
Destroys surface.
In US, companies now required to restore
land. ($$)
http://www.carlmaples.com/Arz_Strip_Mine.jpg
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Coal
Air pollution is a major concern.
70% of sulfur dioxide emissions come from
burning coal.
Many other air pollutants, including carbon
dioxide are also released.
Carbon dioxide has been linked to the
greenhouse effect.
http://www.solcomhouse.com/Greenhouse_Effect.gif
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Coal
Underground or Tunnel mining has an impact,
too.
Acids and chemicals pollute waterways.
Abandoned mines collapse leading to land
subsidence.
http://www.bgr.bund.de/DE/Themen/Geoumweltschutz/Bilder/Umw__Geoumwelt__Bild__2__g,property=default.jpg
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http://www.imsif.com/images/whatis_sag.gif
Oil
63% of oil used in the US is for transportation.
25% industry
9% heating homes and businesses
3% generating electricity
Over 6,000 products come from oil:
–
Plastics
Fertilizers
Pesticides
Medicines
–
Waxes
Asphalt
Natural gas
Gasoline
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Oil
Drilling occurs on land and in the ocean.
Spills can occur during the drilling process, while pumping
it from the ground, and during transportation.
Hazardous waste:
– toxic chemicals, can burn, smothers organisms
Crude oil comes from the ground.
It is then refined through fractional distillation
– Heated Vaporized Cooled
Separated
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Natural Gas
Methane and other gases, including butane and
propane.
41% of natural gas used in the US is for heating
residences and businesses.
15% generates electricity
3% transportation
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Natural Gas
Much less air pollution than coal and oil.
Burns hotter.
Easier to transport and use.
Least abundant of the fossil fuels.
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Biodiversity
Richness and diversity of life on Earth
Certain species might be resources to
humans
– Use for agriculture, medicine, science,
and enjoyment
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Extinction
Complete loss of species of organism from
Earth
5 major mass extinctions
– 65 million years ago—wiped out dinosaurs
– Believed caused by catastrophic natural
disasters
Volcanic
eruptions • Asteroid impacts
Outbreak of disease • Changes in climate
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Introduction
of Invasive Species
– Exotic or alien species introduced
Where not normally found
– Cause destruction of ecosystems
Populations grow rapidly
Spread from lack of natural enemies
– Plants, animals, fish, insects, and fungi
–
(Chestnut Blight – Zebra Mussels)
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Emerald Ash Borer Larva
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Pollution of air, water, and soil
– Destroys and depletes habitats
Industrial
processes and consumption of
natural resources
Production
of energy
Only
chance of survival for
some species—captivity
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The Endangered Species Act
Designed to protect endangered or threatened
species
– Endangered species
Organisms whose population has
decreased
Immediate danger of becoming extinct
– Threatened species
Numbers are declining
Saved if steps taken to protect
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Wildlife Management
Planned use, protection, and control of
wildlife
Specialists
– Require very specific habitat
requirements
– Most susceptible
– (Pandas eat only specific type bamboo found in mountains of China)
Techniques
– Habitat improvement
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Establishing wildlife refuges & wilderness areas
Protected
ecosystem
Contain only native species
Controlled hunting and fisheries management
– Regulating seasons
– Limits on size & number species harvested
– Restocking
– Protection of breeding grounds
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Think About
What can you do to support and promote
recycling?
What can you do to support and promote
reusing?
What can you do to support and promote
refusing (reducing)?
Why must we protect the Earth’s animal and
plant species and resources?
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