Transcript Acct 431 – Cost Management

Acct 431 – Cost Management
"Ethics in its broader sense, deals with human conduct in
relation to what is morally good and bad, right and wrong.
It is the application of values to decision making. These
values include honesty, fairness, responsibility, respect
and compassion."
Rushworth Kidder
President, Instiutute for Global Ethics
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Every art, and every science reduced to a
teachable form, and in like manner every
action and moral choice, aims, it is
thought, at some good: for which reason
a common and by no means a bad
description of the Chief Good is, “that
which all things aim at”.
-- Aristotle
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Surely then, even with reference to actual
life and conduct, the knowledge of it must
have great weight; and like archer, with a
mark in view, we shall be more likely to
hit upon what is right: and if so, we ought
to try to describe, in outline at least, what
it is…
-- Aristotle
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Well then, since this uses all the other
practical sciences, and moreover lays
down rules as to what men are to do, and
from what to abstain, the End of this must
include the Ends of the rest, and so must
be The Good of Man.
-- Aristotle
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
“Honest stands at the gate and knocks, and bribery enters in”
– Barnabe Rich
“The accomplice to the crime of corruption is frequently our own indifference”
– Bess Myerson
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Question: “Do you believe in the devil? You know, a supreme evil being
dedicated to the temptation, corruption, and destruction of man?”
Response: “I’m not sure that man needs the help.”
– Calvin & Hobbs
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
“Power corrupts. Knowledge is power. Study hard. Be evil.”
– anonymous
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Ethics and Moral Psychology…
Religious Question:
Do you have an obligation to improve society to get into
Heaven? If you fail, does everybody go to Hell?
Or
Do you have to obey individual rules to get into heaven?
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Ethics and Moral Psychology…
Consequentialists
• morally right choices increase the “good”
• often a “black or white” approach
• The greater good may hurt the individual
A Societal or Group Approach
E.g., Old Testament, Prescribed Destruction of
Sodom and Gomorrah
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Ethics and Moral Psychology…
Deontologists
• agent centered
• intention focused
• obligation or duty based
• golden rule
An Individual Approach
E.g., Old Testament, Prescribed Destruction of
Sodom and Gomorrah…but if you find 10 good men?
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice…
Members of IMA shall behave ethically.
A commitment to ethical professional practice
includes overarching principles that express our
values, and standards that guide our conduct.
Model For Compliance With Section 404 of
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
A.S. Fleming
http://www.imanet.org/ima/sec.asp?TRACKID=&CID=84&DID=119
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
IMA’s Principles…
IMA’s overarching ethical principles include:
Honesty, Fairness, Objectivity, and Responsibility.
Members shall act in accordance with these principles and shall
encourage others within their organizations to adhere to them.
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_statement.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
IMA’s Standards…
I.
Competence
II. Confidentiality
III. Integrity
IV. Credibility
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_statement.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
I. Competence …
Each member has a responsibility to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Maintain an appropriate level of professional expertise by
continually developing knowledge and skills.
Perform professional duties in accordance with relevant laws,
regulations, and technical standards.
Provide decision support information and recommendations that
are accurate, clear, concise, and timely.
Recognize and communicate professional limitations or other
constraints that would preclude responsible judgment or successful
performance of an activity.
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_statement.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
II. Confidentiality …
Each member has a responsibility to:
1.
2.
3.
Keep information confidential except when disclosure is authorized
or legally required.
Inform all relevant parties regarding appropriate use of confidential
information. Monitor subordinates’ activities to ensure compliance.
Refrain from using confidential information for unethical or illegal
advantage.
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_statement.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
III. Integrity …
Each member has a responsibility to:
1.
2.
3.
Mitigate actual conflicts of interest. Regularly communicate with business
associates to avoid apparent conflicts of interest. Advise all parties of any
potential conflicts.
Refrain from engaging in any conduct that would prejudice carrying out
duties ethically.
Abstain from engaging in or supporting any activity that might discredit the
profession.
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_statement.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
IV. Credibility …
Each member has a responsibility to:
1.
2.
3.
Communicate information fairly and objectively.
Disclose all relevant information that could reasonably be expected to
influence an intended user’s understanding of the reports, analyses, or
recommendations.
Disclose delays or deficiencies in information, timeliness, processing, or
internal controls in conformance with organization policy and/or
applicable law.
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_statement.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Resolution of Ethical Conflict …
In applying the Standards of Ethical Professional Practice, you may
encounter problems identifying unethical behavior or resolving an ethical
conflict.
When faced with ethical issues, you should follow your organization’s
established policies on the resolution of such conflict.
If these policies do not resolve the ethical conflict, you should consider the
following courses of action:
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_statement.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Resolution of Ethical Conflict …
1. Discuss the issue with your immediate supervisor except when it appears that the
supervisor is involved. In that case, present the issue to the next level.
If you cannot achieve a satisfactory resolution, submit the issue to the next
management level. If your immediate superior is the chief executive officer or
equivalent, the acceptable reviewing authority may be a group such as the audit
committee, executive committee, board of directors, board of trustees, or owners.
Contact with levels above the immediate superior should be initiated only with your
superior’s knowledge, assuming he or she is not involved.
Communication of such problems to authorities or individuals not employed or engaged
by the organization is not considered appropriate, unless you believe there is a clear
violation of the law.
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_statement.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
Resolution of Ethical Conflict …
2. Clarify relevant ethical issues by initiating a confidential discussion with an IMA
Ethics Counselor or other impartial advisor to obtain a better understanding of
possible courses of action.
3. Consult your own attorney as to legal obligations and rights concerning the
ethical conflict.
IMA’s Statement of Ethical Professional Practice
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_statement.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010
Acct 431 – Cost Management
IMA Ethics Help Line …
The Institute of Management Accountants offers an ethics helpline service.
Members of IMA and other financial professionals may contact this helpline
for free, confidential guidance on ethical issues.
Please call 1-800-245-1383 for this service.
After a preliminary discussion of the problem to determine the kind of ethics
matter being reported, an ethics counselor will respond to the caller.
Confidentiality is maintained at all times.
The counselor will not provide a specific resolution but will explain how
the dilemma relates to the provisions of IMA’s Statement of Ethical
Professional Practice.
The Purpose Is To Provide Guidance To Those That Find
Themselves In An Ethical Dilemma
https://www.imanet.org/about_ethics_helpline.asp
A.S. Fleming
Spring 2010