Transcript Abiotic factors

Výukový materiál EK 01 - 12
Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková
Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan Smejkal
Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů
Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005
Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR
Abiotic factors
Abiotic factors
• made up from inanimate nature
• division : climatic
edaphic
topographic
A solar radiation.
Life on Earth affects :
•an ultravialet radiation
•a visible light
•an infrared radiation
A light regime affects :
• a bird migration
• a reproduction
• a flowering of plants
• an orientation of insects and birds
The findings are used in plant cultivation and
animal husbandry.
According to their light demands organisms are
divided into:
• stenophotic
• euryphotic
• heliophobe
Heat
• affects the rate of biochemical reactions
Plants
Adaptation to increased temperature
•transpiration
•a reflection of the shiny leaves
Adaptation to low temperature
•trichomes
•a reduction of the water content
•a leaf fall
Cold-blooded animals
• a temperature affects:
• a development
a number of generations
a colouring
• adaptation to cold
• adaptation to a high temperature
Warm-blooded animals
• a temperature affects: a migration
a food intake
a water intake
a colouring
behavior
• adaptation to cold
• adaptation to a high temperature
Air
• physical properties : pressure
convections
density
• chemical properties : composition (carbon
dioxide content, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.)
Water
A water intake
•animals: food, drinking, metabolic way
•plants: roots, shoots
Plant division according to water
requirements.
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•
water – hydrophyte
hydrophilic – hygrophyte
medium requirements – mezophyte
xerophilic - xerophyte
Plant adaptation to the reduced amount of
water
•
•
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•
•
•
long roots
hair
strong cuticle
storage organs
reduction of leaves
adjustment of metabolism
Adaptation of animals to the increased
amount of water
• greater energy output
• hydrophobic surface of the body
• reduced concentration of body fluids
Adaptation of animals to reduced amount of
water
•
•
•
•
reduction of sweat glands
light coloration of the body
impervious surface of the body
concentrated and dried feaces
Minerals
• macro-elements
• micro-elements
• biogenic elements
Soil
• origins – erosion of rocks and activity of
organisms
• components: solid
liquid
gaseous
• edaphon – a set of all organisms living in the
soil (fytoedaphon, zooedaphon)
Worksheet - revision
Abiotic factors are made up from components
……………nature. They are devided into ………….,
……………. and …………… .
According to their light demands organisms are
devided into …………., ……………. and ………….. . Heat
affects the rate of …………. reactions. Soil is
connected with ..…………………… and …………………….. .
Biogenic elements are ………………… .
Plants absorb water ………… or …………… .
When air monitoring as an abiotic factor we
monitor …………………… and ………………………….. .
Sources
• PAPÁČEK, Miroslav a kol. Zoologie. Praha:
pedagogické nakladatelství, 2000, ISBN 807183-203-0.
• KVASNIČKOVÁ, Danuše. Základy ekologie.
Praha: Scientia,spol.s r.o., 1994, ISBN 8085827-84-0