Transcript Can you say this with me…

• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise
your hand as soon as you see him.
– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise
your hand as soon as you see him.
– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
“Hoot, Hoot”
“Good Luck!”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Next Area of Focus: ________ ?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed, on the planet.
– What next? Create a 5 step plan for you to
survive.
– Title your entry as your Doomsday survival plan.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants Available Sheet, Parts III, IV
• Plants Available Sheet, Parts III, IV
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed on the planet. No more plants!
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Imagine nuclear war broke out, or a
meteor impacted on the planet, super
volcanic event, or a virus killed every plant
and seed on the planet. No more plants!
– What’s next? Well, let’s take a trip and see.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Head deep down the tunnel into the cold
earth of the Arctic Circle….and look for?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Head deep down the tunnel into the cold
earth of the Arctic Circle….and look for?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Head deep down the tunnel into the cold
earth of the Arctic Circle….and look for?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Head deep down the tunnel into the cold
earth of the Arctic Circle….and look for?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video! The Doomsday Vault.
– Is it worth the money? You decide.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbOl72aUthM
Learn more about the Svalbard Global Vault at…
http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/lmd/campain/svalbard-global-seedvault.html?id=462220
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• This is not a seed vault that's supposed to
supply directly to farmers to plant their fields.
– Insurance for crop diversity and to a way to avoid
plant extinction.
– Mostly for plant breeders and researchers.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Seeds.

Seed: (Easy) A baby Plant.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Germination Observation
– Planning ahead. Fill clear cup with water soaked
cotton balls or paper towels. Place a large bean
seed in cup so it’s pressed on to the side of the
cup (visible). Record date and now wait.
Clear cd Case will work as well.

Seed: (Hard) A mature fertilized plant ovule
consisting of an embryo and its food source
and having a protective coat.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! External Seed Observation before
dissection.
– Please make detailed observations of the
seeds on your table. Please include…
– Seed coat
– Where the seed attaches to the plant
– Color
– How is the seed spread? (Air, Animal, etc.)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Seed Dissection. Please
include…
• Visual on next slide.
– Cotyledon: Leaf of the developing plant with
stored food
– Seed Coat
– Radicle
– Hypocotyl
– Embryo (Hypocotyl / Radicle)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants Available Sheet, Parts III, IV

Seed Coat: Protects seed from drying out,
aids in seed dispersal, open’s when
conditions are right.
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
Seed Dormancy: A period when the seed
doesn’t grow.
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
Seed Dormancy: A period when the seed
doesn’t grow.
Learn more about seeds and seed dormancy at…
http://www.ext.colostate.edu/mg/gardennotes/137.html
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Some seeds may remain dormant for
many years.
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• Thick hard seed coat allows seed to be
dormant.
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Dormant seeds can survive
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Dormant seeds can survive
• Freezing temperatures.
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Dormant seeds can survive
• Freezing temperatures.
• Droughts.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Dormant seeds can survive
• Freezing temperatures.
• Droughts.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Dormant seeds can survive
• Freezing temperatures.
• Droughts.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Dormant seeds can survive
• Freezing temperatures.
• Droughts.
• Some can survive through fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Dormant seeds can survive
• Freezing temperatures.
• Droughts.
• Some can survive through fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Dormant seeds can survive
•
•
•
•
Freezing temperatures.
Droughts.
Some can survive through fire.
Conditions that would kill a growing plants.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants use wind
––––-
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• To pollinate.
– Pollination: The transferring of pollen
(plants sex cells) from one plant to another.
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• To pollinate.
– Pollination: The transferring of pollen (plants
sex cells) from one plant to another.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which flower uses wind to pollinate, and
which uses insects? Why?
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• Which flower uses wind to pollinate, and
which uses insects? Why?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which flower uses wind to pollinate, and
which uses insects? Why?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which flower uses wind to pollinate, and
which uses insects? Why?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which flower uses wind to pollinate, and
which uses insects? Why?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Pollen grains under electron microscope.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which cone is the male cone, and which
cone is the female cone?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which cone is the male cone, and which
cone is the female cone?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which cone is the male cone, and which
cone is the female cone?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which cone is the male cone, and cone is
the female cone?
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• Which cone is the male cone, and which
cone is the female cone?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is the male cone (pollen producer),
and which is female (egg)?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is the male cone (pollen producer),
and which is female (egg)?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is the male cone (pollen producer),
and which is female (egg)?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is the male cone (pollen producer),
and which is female (egg)?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is the male cone (pollen producer),
and which is female (egg)?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Try again, Which is male, and which is
female.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Try again, Which is male, and which is
female.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Try again, Which is male, and which is
female.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Try again, Which is male, and which is
female.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Try again, Which is male, and which is
female.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• By having the female cones at the top
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• By having the female cones at the top, and
the male cones near the bottom,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• By having the female cones at the top, and
the male cones near the bottom, it
increases the chances that the tree won’t
self pollinate.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• By having the female cones at the top, and
the male cones near the bottom, it
increases the chances that the tree won’t
self pollinate.
– You want to get new genetic information.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Female cone is generally near the top of
the tree.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Female cone is generally near the top of
the tree. While the smaller male (pollen
producer) is scattered around.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Female cone is generally near the top of
the tree. While the smaller male (pollen
producer) is scattered around.
– Why the top for the seed producer?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! The small paper-like seeds can
easily be dispersed by the wind at the top of
the tree.
Wind
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! The small paper-like seeds can
easily be dispersed by the wind at the top of
the tree.
– Being at the top ensures that it won’t self
pollinate.
D
O
W
N
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• To disperse seeds.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants can disperse seeds by…
– Wind.
– Water.
– Animal.
– Tension.
– Fire.
Note:
FireFire
doesn’t
disperse
the seed
Note:
doesn’t
disperse
but
It is
thetriggers
seed germination.
but is a necessary
covered here as it pertains to abiotic
part of some plants life
factors.
cycle.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Why is it so important to disperse your
seeds a great distance from your mother?
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• Answer! By getting the seeds far away from
mother…
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! By getting the seeds far away from
mother…
– Competition between the parent plant and the
offspring for food and water is reduced.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! By getting the seeds far away from
mother…
– Competition between the parent plant and the
offspring for food and water is reduced.
– It reduces overcrowding.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! By getting the seeds far away from
mother…
– Competition between the parent plant and the
offspring for food and water is reduced.
– It reduces overcrowding.
– It provides opportunities to spread the plant to
new localities.
•Click here for introductory video on seed
dispersal
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Wind dispersal of seeds.
• Wind Dispersal: When wind is used to
disperse either pollen or seeds.
– Most common dispersal mechanism.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Wind Dispersal: When wind is used to
disperse either pollen or seeds.
– Most common dispersal mechanism.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Wind Dispersal: When wind is used to
disperse either pollen or seeds.
– Most common dispersal mechanism.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Wind Dispersal: When wind is used to
disperse either pollen or seeds.
– Most common dispersal mechanism.
Pollen:
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Wind Dispersal: When wind is used to
disperse either pollen or seeds.
– Most common dispersal mechanism.
Pollen: Fine powder that contains the
reproductive parts of the flower
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals can pollinate,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals can pollinate, and then wind can
disperse seeds.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Wind can pollinate,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Wind can pollinate, and then animals can
disperse seeds.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Types of seeds dispersed by wind.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Distance wind dispersed travel depends
on…
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Distance wind dispersed travel depends
on…
– How fast seed falls: weight, density, ability to
float in air.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Distance wind dispersed travel depends
on…
– How fast seed falls: weight, density, ability to
float in air.
– Height of release: may be most important
factor in distance spread.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Distance wind dispersed travel depends
on…
– How fast seed falls: weight, density, ability to
float in air.
– Height of release: may be most important
factor in distance spread.
– Speed, direction and turbulence of wind
between release point and ground.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Distance wind dispersed travel depends
on…
– How fast seed falls: weight, density, ability to
float in air.
– Height of release: may be most important
factor in distance spread.
– Speed, direction and turbulence of wind
between release point and ground.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Parachutes.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Parachutes.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Gliders
– Natures perfect design.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Gliders
– Natures perfect design.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Helicopters.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Helicopters.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Flutter / Spinner.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Tumbler
– Tumbleweeds roll along ground for many
miles dropping seeds as it goes.
• Natures Design
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Natures Design
•Click here for a cool video
about a recent tumbleweed
invasions in Australia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• A dried tomato can also tumble.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Other / combination.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Seeds in pot, wind shakes plant and pot
spills seeds.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
– Explosion, Water, and Animal will be
covered later.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Water and seed dispersal.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Water Dispersal: The seeds or fruits are
dropped from the plant into rivers, lakes or
seas.
– The seeds float then wash up and germinate.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Water Dispersal: The seeds or fruits are
dropped from the plant into rivers, lakes or
seas.
– The seeds float then wash up and germinate.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Coconut distributions worldwide.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Coconut distributions worldwide.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Coconut distributions worldwide.
– Note: Water dispersal can be a very good way
to travel many miles using ocean, river, and
tidal currents as well as the wind.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animal seed dispersal: When animals aid
carrying away seeds.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animal dispersal.
––––-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Review - Animals help disperse pollen to
fertilize plants.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• They carry and drop seeds.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Seeds sometimes stick to an animal and
hitch a ride to fall off later and in a new
location.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Velcro was invented looking at this type of
seed dispersal.
– Velcro under microscope.
• Velcro was invented looking at this type of
seed dispersal.
– Velcro under microscope.
• Velcro was invented looking at this type of
seed dispersal.
– Velcro under microscope.
• Animal Dispersal
• Animals hide stashes of seeds and then
forget where.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals eat fruits that contain seeds.
– They then pass out the seeds many hours
later into a nutrient rich, moisture retaining,
pile of scat far from the parent plant.
• Animals eat fruits that contain seeds.
– They then pass out the seeds many hours
later into a nutrient rich, moisture retaining,
pile of scat far from the parent plant.
Happy Seed
Wet
Warm
Wet
Protected
Warm
Wet
Protected
Warm
Wet
Nutrient
Rich
Protected
Warm
Nutrient
Rich
Wet In the open
Far from Parent
Protected
Nutrient
Warm
Rich
Wet In the open
Far from Parent
Protected
Nutrient
Warm
Rich
Stomach acid
wore away
seed coat
Wet In the open
Far from Parent
Protected
Nutrient
Warm
Rich
Stomach acid
wore away
seed coat
Wet In the open
• Birds will eat seeds and carry them a great
distance.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Birds will eat seeds and carry them a great
distance.
Learn more about fruits and seed dispersal (Lots of pictures)
at… http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/pages/fruit-seeddispersal.htm
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Humans spread seed crops.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Malcura pomifera – Fruit that use to be
spread by giant ground animals of the last
ice age that are now extinct.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Giant
Ground
Sloth Scat
with seeds
• Tension dispersal. Doesn’t involve animals.
–-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Tension dispersal. Doesn’t involve animals.
– Tension builds and seeds are ejected a short
distance.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Squirting cucumber.
• Spotted touch me not.
– When you touch it, it explodes seeds several
feet away from plant.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Spotted touch me not.
– When you touch it, it explodes seeds several
feet away from plant.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Rock Chestnut drops from the tree and
the seed rolls out.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants Available Sheet, Parts III, IV
• Activity! Quiz 1-10 – Name that seed
dispersal mechanism.
– Wind, Water, Animals, Tension,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus – Name the brand of peanut.
• Answers! Quiz 1-10 – Name that seed
dispersal mechanism.
– Wind, Water, Animals, Tension.
Reflection of
trees hanging
over water
Reflection of
trees hanging
over water
• Bonus – Name the brand of peanut.
• Bonus – Planters Peanuts

Factors that break seed dormancy.
-
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
 Mechanical
Abrasion.
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 Digestion
processes of animals.
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 Temperatures
– Warm and Cold + Fire.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
 Water
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Germination Observation
– Now get out your seed that you germinated this
week. Identify the parts of your germinated seed
as we go through the presentation.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Germination: The process whereby growth
emerges from a period of dormancy.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Seed Coat is shed as cotyledons emerge
after germination.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Has anyone ever seen a peanut tree
before?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Peanuts don’t grow on a tree, they grow
underground beneath a small plant.
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• There is a tree in Australia called the
peanut tree.
– The seeds taste similar but are much different.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Has anyone ever seen a pineapple tree?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Pineapples don’t grow high up on a tree,
they grow closer to the ground at the top
of a small plant.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Picture of pineapple plantation
in Hawaii.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• There is a tree commonly called the
pineapple tree.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• There is a tree commonly called the
pineapple tree. It doesn’t have pineapples
that you can eat, but looks like a giant
pineapple.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• There is a tree commonly called the
pineapple tree. It doesn’t have pineapples
that you can eat, but looks like a giant
pineapple.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• There is a tree commonly called the
pineapple tree. It doesn’t have pineapples
that you can eat, but looks like a giant
pineapple.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Parts of a young plant
/ seed.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Parts of a young plant
/ seed.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Cotyledon: First leaves (Full of energy).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Radicle: Lower embryo and root.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Do plants have a brain?
• Plants do not have a brain, but they do have
the ability to respond to their environment.
• What direction does the radicle go when it
emerges from the seed coat?
• What direction does the radicle go when it
emerges from the seed coat?
– Does a plant know up from down? Can a
plant sense gravity?
• What would happen to plants if their radicle /
roots grew upward, and their shoots grew
downward?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
“Gravitropism
is a good
thing.” “The
world would be
messed up
without it.”
• Radicle emerges from seed coat and goes
downward into the soil for support, the
plant then goes upward.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Radicle emerges from seed coat and goes
downward into the soil for support, the
plant then goes upward.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Radicle emerges from seed coat and goes
downward into the soil for support, the
plant then goes upward.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Radicle emerges from seed coat and goes
downward into the soil for support, the
plant then goes upward.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Radicle emerges from seed coat and goes
downward into the soil for support, the
plant then goes upward.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Radicle emerges from seed coat and goes
downward into the soil for support, the
plant then goes upward.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The seed only has a small supply of energy
to get the cotyledons to the surface, and the
roots into the soil.
– A wrong turn would be death to the young plant.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Gravitropism: Response of a plant in relation
to gravity. Roots go down, shoots go up.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• A plant hormone in the root tip grows more
on one side in response to gravity. This
sends the root downward.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• A plant hormone in the root tip grows more
on one side in response to gravity. This
sends the root downward.
– Cut the tip off of the root and…
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• A plant hormone in the root tip grows more
on one side in response to gravity. This
sends the root downward.
– Cut the tip off of the root and…
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Stems show negative gravitropism.
– Stems grow in the opposite direction (i.e., upwards).
– Roots grow in the direction of gravitational pull (i.e.,
downward) –Positive gravitropism.
• Stems show negative gravitropism.
– Stems grow in the opposite direction (i.e., upwards).
– Roots grow in the direction of gravitational pull (i.e.,
downward) –Positive gravitropism.
• Video! Plant Gravitropism Soundtrack and
time lapse photography. Defy Gravity
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gvUj9r6M
AVU
Learn more about gravitropism at…
http://herbarium.desu.edu/pfk/page8/page9/page9.html
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which picture is a dicotyledon and which is a
monocotyledon?
• Which picture is a dicotyledon and which is a
monocotyledon?
• Which picture is a dicotyledon and which is a
monocotyledon?
• Which picture is a dicotyledon and which is a
monocotyledon?
• Which picture is a dicotyledon and which is a
monocotyledon?

Hypocotyl: Part of the plant between the
radicle and cotyledons.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Hypocotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Hypocotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Hypocotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Hypocotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Hypocotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
• Answer:
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
– How about the radicle,
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
– How about the radicle,
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
– How about the radicle, cotyledons,
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
– How about the radicle, cotyledons,
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
– How about the radicle, cotyledon, and first
true leaves?
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
– How about the radicle, cotyledon, and first
true leaves?
• Where is the hypocotyl on this plant?
– How about the radicle, cotyledon, and first
true leaves?
F
G
H
E
D
I
A
J
B
Which Boxes are the
Hypocotyledon?
C
F
G
H
E
D
I
A
J
B
Which Boxes are the
Hypocotyledon?
C
F
G
H
E
D
I
J
B
Which Boxes are the
Hypocotyledon?
C
F
G
H
E
D
I
J
B
Which Boxes are the
Hypocotyledon?
C
F
G
H
E
D
B
I
Which Boxes are the
Hypocotyledon?
C
F
G
H
E
D
B
I
Which Boxes are the
Hypocotyledon?
C
F
G
H
D
B
I
Which Boxes are the
Hypocotyledon?
C

Epicotyl: The stem of a seedling or
embryo located between the cotyledons
and the first true leaves.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Epicotyl: The stem of a seedling or
embryo located between the cotyledons
and the first true leaves.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Is the question mark the epicotyl or
hypocotyl? Why?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• It is the hypocotyl because it is below the
cotyledons.
Hypocotyl
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the term for where the arrow is
pointing now?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• These would be called the first set of true
leaves.
True Leaves
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hypocotyl Radicle Cotyledon True Leaves
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hypocotyl Radicle Cotyledon True Leaves
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hypocotyl Radicle Cotyledon True Leaves
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hypocotyl Radicle Cotyledon True Leaves
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hypocotyl Radicle Cotyledon True Leaves
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hypocotyl Radicle Cotyledon True Leaves
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hypocotyl Radicle Cotyledon True Leaves
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hypocotyl Radicle Cotyledon True Leaves
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hypocotyl Radicle Cotyledon True Leaves
Epicotyl
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
F
G
H
E
D
I
A
J
B
Which Box is the
Epicotyl?
C
F
G
H
E
D
I
A
J
B
Which Box is the
Epicotyl?
C
F
G
E
D
I
A
J
B
Which Box is the
Epicotyl?
C
• You should be close to the top of page 5 in
your bundled homework package.
• Plants Available Sheet, Parts III, IV

Please draw the following.
 Use
the template on the second page of
“Plants Part III.”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Stem: Main
trunk of a plant.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Stem: Main
trunk of a plant.
Nodes: Place
on stem where
buds form.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Internode:
Portion of a
plant stem
between
nodes.
Stem: Main
trunk of a plant.
Nodes: Place
on stem where
buds form.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Internode:
Portion of a
plant stem
between
nodes.
Nodes: Place
on stem where
buds form.
Stem: Main
trunk of a plant.
Petiole: The small
stalk attaching the
leaf blade to the
stem.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Internode:
Portion of a
plant stem
between
nodes.
Nodes: Place
on stem where
buds form.
Stem: Main
trunk of a plant.
Petiole: The small
stalk attaching the
leaf blade to the
stem.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Trying our sketch on a real plant.
Stem: Main
trunk of a
plant.
Stem: Main
trunk of a
plant.
Nodes: Place
on stem where
buds form.
Stem: Main
trunk of a
plant.
Internode: Portion of a
plant stem between
nodes.
Nodes: Place
on stem where
buds form.
Stem: Main
trunk of a
plant.
Internode: Portion of a
plant stem between
nodes.
Nodes: Place
on stem where
buds form.
Stem: Main
trunk of a
plant.
Petiole: The small
stalk attaching
the leaf blade to
the stem.
Stem: Main
trunk of a
plant.
Internode: Portion of a
plant stem between
nodes.
Nodes: Place
on stem where
buds form.
• Activity! Visiting our plants and identifying the
various features of a young plant.
– Please draw your plant and correctly label the
following.
A.) Radicle
B.) Seed Coat(?)
C.) Cotyledons
D.) Epicotyl
E.) Hypocotyl
F.) Main Stem
G.) Nodes
H.) Internodes
I.) Petiole
J.) True Leaves
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants Available Sheet, Parts III, IV
• Activity! Quiz Wiz 1-10. Name the part of
the seed / plant or other information.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus: Name this movie planet.
• Answers- Quiz Wiz 1-10. Name the part of
the seed / plant or other information.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus: Name the movie planet.
• Bonus: Name the movie planet.
• Bonus: Name the movie planet.
• Bonus: Name the movie planet.
• You should be close to the top of page 5 in
your bundled homework package.

New Area of Focus: Monocots and Dicots.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Monocots and Dicots.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Monocots and Dicots.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Monocots and Dicots.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Monocotyledons
-
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Seedling has one cotyledon.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Seedling has one cotyledon.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Veins in leaf are parallel.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Veins in leaf are parallel.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Veins in leaf are parallel.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Veins in leaf are parallel.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Flower petals are in 3’s.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Flower petals are in 3’s.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Flower petals are in 3’s.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Flower petals are in 3’s.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Lillies and the Iris are tricky. Note the 3
and then 3 in the Lilly.
• Lillies and the Iris are tricky. Note the 3
and then 3 in the Lilly.
• Lillies and the Iris are tricky. Note the 3
and then 3 in the Lilly.

Never woody.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Never woody.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Vascular bundles are scattered.
• Quick Cover. A vascular bundle is a series
of small tubes (kind of like your veins) that
transport food and water up and down a
plant.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Plants Available Sheet, Parts III, IV
• Activity! Monocot Man, or woman.
– Add eyes, teeth, fro / other features to give your
vascular bundle a face. Title your face as
Monocot Man.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Monocot Man, or woman.
– Add eyes, teeth, fro / other features to give your
vascular bundle a face. Title your face as
Monocot Man.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Learn more about monocotyledons at…
http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Monocotyledon

Dicotyledons
-
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Seedling has two Cotyledons.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Seedling has two Cotyledons.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Veins on leaf are branched.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Veins on leaf are branched.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Veins on leaf are branched.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Veins on leaf are branched.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Flower parts are groups of 4 to 5.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Flower parts are groups of 4 to 5.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Secondary growth can be woody.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Secondary growth can be woody.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Secondary growth can be woody.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Secondary growth can be woody.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Vascular bundles are in a ring.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Dicotyledons don’t have Monocot Man.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Dicotyledons don’t have Monocot Man.
Learn more about dicotyledons at…
http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Dicotyledon
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Quiz Wiz! Mono or Dicotyledon. (1-20)
• Make the following symbols.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Quiz Wiz! Mono or Dicotyledon. (1-20)
• Make the following symbols.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Quiz Wiz! Mono or Dicotyledon. (1-20)
• Make the following symbols.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
“These are
Lillies”
“These are
Lillies”
• Bonus #1: Name this Movie?
•
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus #1:The Princess Diaries (2001)
•
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus #1:The Princess Diaries (2001)
•
“I think these
quizzes are
cool. They
help teach by
repetition and
let you test
your skills.”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus #1:The Princess Diaries (2001)
•
“I think these
quizzes are
cool. They
help teach by
repetition and
let you test
your skills.”
“I strongly
disagree.”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus #2: Name this Movie staring Julie
Andrews.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus #2: Name this Movie staring Julie
Andrews.
“I don’t
know if
these
plants
are
moncots
or
dicots…”
”Oh my!”
• Bonus #2: The Sound of Music. (1965)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus #2: The Sound of Music. (1965)
“These quiz
things are
getting out
of control.”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Bonus #2: The Sound of Music. (1965)
“I disagree”
“The Hills are
alive with
mono and
dicots.”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Try and figure out what picture is beneath
the boxes.
– Raise your hand when you know. You only
get one guess.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Try and figure out what picture is beneath
the boxes.
– Raise your hand when you know. You only
get one guess.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Try and figure out what picture is beneath
the boxes.
– Raise your hand when you know. You only
get one guess.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• You should be close to the top of page 5 in
your bundled homework package.