Transcript Lecture7 - Utah Valley University Herbarium

Utah Flora
BOT2100
Lecture 7
Angiosperm Families III
Including:
Fabaceae
Apiaceae
Onagraceae
Malvaceae
Utah Flora
Fabales
4 families
754 genera
Major Families
Fabaceae – garden peas, lupines, clovers
Polygalaceae – milkworts
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20,055 species
Utah Flora
Fabales
Fabaceae
Worldwide
Utah
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Leguminosae
730 genera
19,400 species
56 genera
216 species
(Native and Introduced)
•annuals, perennial herbs, shrubs, or trees
•leaves alternate, pinnately or palmately compound, rarely simple
•inflorescence in racemes
•flowers superior, perfect, irregular
•calyx fused, 5 lobed, often 2-lipped
•corolla of 5 petals, 2 fused, 3 seperate (banner, wings, and keel)
•stamens 5 or 10, filaments fused in a tube
•fruit a legume or loment (pods formed from 2 carpels)
Utah Flora
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Fabales
Fabaceae
Leguminosae
Lathyrus
Worldwide
Utah
(Native and Introduced)
150 species
7 species
•annual or perennial herbs with tendrils
•leaves even-pinnate
•pinnately compound with a even number of leaflets
•terminal leaflet replaced by a tendril
•flowers white, pink, or lavender
•style bearded down one side
•sister genus, Vicia, is identical except style is bearded at apex only
Utah Flora
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Fabales
Fabaceae
Leguminosae
Lathyrus brachycalyx
•sagebrush valley & montane species
•plants perennial herbs with tendrils
•corolla purplish, 15-30 mm long
Utah Flora
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Fabales
Fabaceae
Leguminosae
Melilotus
Worldwide
Utah
(Introduced)
20 species
3 species
•annual herbs, herbage non-glandular
•leaflets 3, pinnately compound, the terminal leaflet petioliate
•leaflets with toothed margins
•inflorescence racemose, several times longer than wide
•pods straight, ovoid (egg-shaped)
Utah Flora
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Fabales
Fabaceae
Leguminosae
Melilotus officinalis
•weedy exotic species
•corolla yellow, 3-7 mm long
•pods straight,
ovoid (egg-shaped)
Utah Flora
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Fabales
Fabaceae
Leguminosae
Trifolium
Worldwide
Utah
(Native and Introduced)
•annual or perennial herbs
•leaves palmately or pinnately compound;
•leaflets 3, with toothed margins
•flowers in dense, capitate racemes,
•sometimes involucrate (with bracts)
•corollas white, pink, or lavender
•legumes small, generally 1 to 3 seeded
240 species
18 species
Utah Flora
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Fabales
Fabaceae
Leguminosae
Trifolium longipes
•montane species
•plants perennial herbs
•heads without a toothed involucre
•calyx villosulous
•corolla purplish, 10-12 mm long
Utah Flora
9 families
Myrtales
380 genera
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11,027 species
Major Families
Onagraceae – evening primrose, suncups
Lythraceae – loosetrife (noxious weed)
Myrtaceae – Eucalyptus, Melaleuca
(leaves of trees used as herbal remedies)
Utah Flora
Myrtales
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Onagraceae
Worldwide
22 genera
656 species
Utah
10 genera
63 species
(Native and Introduced)
•annuals or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs
•leaves alternate or opposite, simple or pinnately compound
•inflorescence solitary or in racemes, often axillary
•flowers inferior, perfect, regular
•calyx of 4 sepals, separate; corolla of 4 petals, separate
•stamens 4 or 8
•fruit a capsule
Utah Flora
Myrtales
Onagraceae
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Oenothera
Worldwide
Utah
(Native)
145 species
18 species
•annual, biennial, or perennial herbs
•leaves alternate, simple or compound, often clustered at base of
stem
•flowers solitary
•corollas white, yellow, pink, or lavender, often opening in evening
Utah Flora
Myrtales
Onagraceae
Oenothera caespitosa
•desert to sagebrush valley species
•plants acaulescent (without stems)
•corolla white, 2.5-6 cm long
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Utah Flora
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Myrtales
Onagraceae
Epilobium
Worldwide
Utah
165 species
(Native)
14 species
•annual, biennial, or perennial herbs
•leaves opposite (sometimes upper ones alternate), simple
•flowers solitary & axillary or in terminal racemes
•fruit a elongate capsule; seeds with a tuft of hairs
Utah Flora
Myrtales
Onagraceae
Epilobium angustifolium
•montane species
•plants erect, rhizomatous
•corolla 10-30 mm long
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Utah Flora
7 families
Apiales
494 genera
Major Families
Apiaceae – carrots, parsley
Araliaceae – ginseng
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5489 species
Utah Flora
Apiales
Apiaceae
Worldwide
Utah
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Umbelliferae
434 genera
3780 species
27 genera
72 species
(Native and Introduced)
•annual or perennial herbs
•leaves alternate, simple or pinnately compound
•inflorescence in compound umbels
•flowers inferior, perfect, regular
•calyx of 5 sepals, separate; corolla of 5 petals, separate
•stamens 5
•fruit a schizocarp (dry fruit which splits into 2 to many, 1 seeded segments
Utah Flora
Apiales
Apiaceae
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Umbelliferae
Angelica
Worldwide
Utah
(Native)
110 species
4 species
•perennial herbs, caulescent
•leaves alternate, often with a broad sheath, pinnately compound
•inflorescence a compound umbel
•fruit a schizocarp, the dorsal and lateral ribs with small wings
Utah Flora
Apiales
Apiaceae
Angelica kingii
•montane species
•leaflets lanceolate, toothed or lobed
•umbels 7-20 rayed
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Umbelliferae
Utah Flora
10 families
Malvales
338 genera
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6005 species
Major Families
Malvaceae – Hibiscus, hops, hollyhocks
This is the only family of this group found in Utah, as a
native or introduced
Utah Flora
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Malvales
Malvaceae
Worldwide
Utah
243 genera
4,500 species
12 genera
25 species
(Native and Introduced)
•annuals, perennial herbs, or shrubs; herbage with stellate hairs
•leaves alternate, simple or palmately lobed
•inflorescence in solitary or racemes or cymes
•flowers superior, perfect, regular
•calyx of 5 sepals, separate; corolla of 5 petals, separate
•stamens numerous, filaments fused into a sheath around the style
•fruit a schizocarp (dry fruit which splits into many, 1 seeded segments
Utah Flora
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Malvales
Malvaceae
Sphaeralcea
Worldwide
Utah
(Native)
30 species
~17 species
•perennial herbs, herbage with often dense stellate hairs
•leaves alternate, palmately lobed to nearly compound
•inflorescence a cyme, often with leafy bracts
•racemose cymes – with one flower per node
•thyrsoid cymes – with two or more flowers per node
•fruit a schizocarp
Utah Flora
Malvales
Malvaceae
Sphaeralcea coccinea
•most common species of this genus in
Utah
•rhizomatous perennial
•leaves deeply 3-5 lobed
•inflorescence a thrysoid cyme
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Utah Flora
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Quiz 3
Part A
On the sheet of paper provided, please answer the
following questions (spelling counts):
1. To which family does this specimen belong?
2. ?
3. ?
Utah Flora
Quiz 3
Part B
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1. On a new sheet, please determine this specimen
to genus (spelling counts).
This specimen belongs to family:
2. If time remains, for extra credit, determine this
specimen to species
You may use your Utah Flora, your notes, or any
other handouts provided in class for Part B
Utah Flora
BOT2100
Assignment
•Draw and label species provided in lab
•Make sure to label those morphological features that helped
you identify the sample (the characters in the key)
•Identify & label all samples to family and genus
•For Practice: use A Utah Flora to identify & label all samples to
species (other than any we determined in class together)