Transcript Lecture5 - Utah Valley University Herbarium

Utah Flora
BOT2100
Lecture 5
Dicots I
Including:
Ranunculaceae
Hydrophyllaceae
Boraginaceae
Utah Flora
Dicots
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Flowering plants with a ovary wall (carpels)
Corollas and calyx generally distinguishable
sometimes one whorl is absent
Flower parts in 2, 4 or 5’s
Leaves generally with net-veined (branched)
2 cotyledons (1st leaves)
Utah Flora
7 families
Ranunculales
199 genera
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4,445 species
Major Families
Ranunculaceae – buttercups, larkspur, columbine
Papaveraceae – poppies
Berberidaceae – Berberis (trees), Oregon-grape
Utah Flora
Ranunculales
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Ranunculaceae
Worldwide
62 genera
2,225 species
Utah
13 genera
~75 species
(Native and Introduced)
•annual or perennial herbs
•leaves alternate, simple or compound
•flowers superior, hypanthium sometimes present, perfect,
regular or irregular
•petals 3 to many or absent
•sepals sometimes petaloid
Utah Flora
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
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Aquilegia
Worldwide
Utah
(Native)
80 species
~16 species
•perennial herbs from taproots
•leaves alternate, ternately lobed to triternately compound (in 3’s)
•flowers regular, showy
•sepals 5, petaloid, not spurred
•petals 5, spurred
•stamens numerous
Utah Flora
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Aquilegia coerulea
•widespread montane species in Utah
•sepals and spurs white or blue
•stamens surpassing petals by 10-20 mm
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Utah Flora
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Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Delphinium
Worldwide
Utah
(Native)
365 species
~6 species
•annual or perennial herbs from taproots or tubers
•leaves alternate, palmately lobed
•flowers irregular, showy
•sepals 5, petaloid, spurred
•petals 4, in 2 pairs
•stamens numerous
Utah Flora
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Delphinium nuttallianum
•most common Delphinium in Utah
•stems fragile and narrowed at
ground level (often hard to get roots)
•leaves mostly basal
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Utah Flora
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
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Ranunculus
Worldwide
Utah
(Native and Introduced)
600 species
27 species
•annual or perennial herbs from taproots or fibrous roots
•leaves of many types, simple to compound
•flowers regular
•sepals 3-5, sometimes petaloid, usually deciduous
•petals 5-16
•stamens 5 or numerous
Utah Flora
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
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Ranunculus adoneus
•restricted to alpine sites, often near snowbanks in Utah
•leaves highly palmately to sub-pinnately lobed, with many segments
•sepals deciduous upon flowering, petals larger, to 12 mm long
Utah Flora
25 families
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Lamiales
1,300 genera
26,300 species
Major Families
Boraginaceae – forget-me-not, Cryptantha
Hydrophyllaceae – waterleaf, Phacelia
Lamiaceae – mints, oregano, thyme, Salvia
Scrophulariaceae – snapdragons, Digitalis, Penstemon
Utah Flora
Lamiales
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Hydrophyllaceae
Worldwide
Utah
(Native or Introduced)
25 genera
960 species
9 genera
~50 species
•annual, biennial or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs
•leaves alternate, simple or compound
•inflorescence commonly scorpioid cymes
•flowers superior, perfect, regular
•calyx fused, 5 lobed; corolla fused, 5 lobed,
•stamens 5, sometimes exserted
•fruit a capsule, seeds 1 to many
Utah Flora
Lamiales
Hydrophyllaceae
BOT2100
Phacelia
Worldwide
150 species
Utah
~40 species
(Native)
•annual, biennial or perennial herbs
•leaves alternate, lower sometimes opposite, entire to pinnatifid
•flowers regular
•calyx 5-lobed, divided almost to base
•corolla 5-lobed
•stamens 5, exserted or included
•seeds within capsules 4 or many
Utah Flora
Lamiales
Boraginaceae
Phacelia heterophylla
•sagebrush valley & montane species
•plants mostly biennial
(sometimes flowering a 3rd year)
•leaves basal and cauline, entire or
with 1-4 pairs of pinnate lobes
•corolla whitish, stamens exserted
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Utah Flora
Lamiales
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Boraginaceae
Worldwide
Utah
(Native or Introduced)
112 genera
1,600 species
18 genera
~100 species
•annual, perennial herbs, rarely sub-shrubs
•leaves alternate or opposite, simple
•inflorescence commonly scorpioid cymes
•flowers superior, perfect, regular
•calyx fused, 5 lobed; corolla fused, 5 lobed
•stamens 5, sometimes 4
•fruit nutlets, ovary breaking into 2-4, 1 seeded segments
Utah Flora
Lamiales
Boraginaceae
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Mertensia
Worldwide
Utah
(Native)
50 species
7 species
•perennial herbs from fleshy, rhizome-like roots (tuber-like)
•leaves entire, alternate
•flowers regular
•calyx 5-lobed, fused or divided almost to base
•corolla 5-lobed
•stamens 5
•nutlets 4
Utah Flora
Lamiales
Boraginaceae
Mertensia arizonica
•restricted to most sites, often in canyons
•plants tall and robust
•leaves large and glabrous
•calyx not cleft to base, and
longer than 5 mm
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Utah Flora
Lamiales
Boraginaceae
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Cryptantha
Worldwide
Utah
(Native)
150 species
65 species
•annual or perennial herbs taproots
•leaves alternate or opposite, entire to deeply pinnately lobed
•flowers regular
•calyx 5-lobed, divided almost to base
•corolla 5-lobed, fused
•stamens 5
•nutlets 1-4
Utah Flora
Lamiales
Boraginaceae
Cryptantha humilis
•common Great Basin desert species
•stems short and compact (caespitose)
•leaves small, spatulate, mostly basal
•calyx 3-5 mm long, corolla tube 3-5 mm long,
and not exceeding calyx
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Utah Flora
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Assignment
•Draw and label species provided in lab
•Make sure to label those morphological features that helped
you identify the sample (the characters in the key)
•Identify & label all samples to family and genus
•For Practice: use A Utah Flora to identify & label all samples to
species (other than any we determined in class together)