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Comparative Analysis of Shale Gas
Innovation between China and US
Mier Zhang
Dalian University of Technology
Dalian, China
OUTLINE
 Why/How
 Big Data
 Analytical Tools
 Data Analysis
 Conclusion
Why/How
 China is becoming the largest oil importer in the world.
600
(by million tons)
500
400
300
Oil Consumption
Oil Net Import
200
100
0
1980
1985
1990
1993
1995
2000
2005
2010
-100
Oil Consumption and Net Import in China
2012
Why/How
 PV Industry: China is the leader of products
manufacturing in the world.
(%)
China’s Share of the World
Why/How
 Wind Power: China has been the largest installation
market since 2009.
(by MW)
Annual Installation
Why/How
 But the production of shale gas in China is Zero! Why?
US has made great progress in shale gas and thanks to shale gas,
she has become the leader in natural gas.
Why/How
 Both China and US own abundant shale gas reserve. So is the
difference because of technology?
 To explore the reason, choose patents in each country as technology
indicators.
 In the era of big data, it is efficient to choose data mining to get the
patent information we need.
 By comparative analysis, try to figure out the difference between
China and US.
Big Data
 Data Source: Derwent Innovation Index
 DII is a database which contains the most comprehensive international
patent information, including Derwent World Patents Index and Patents
Citation Index.
 DII covers over 14.3 million basic inventions from 40 worldwide patentissuing authorities and updates twice a week with more than 20 thousand
patents. The data in it can track 50 years back to 1963.
Analytical Tools
 TDA (Thomson Data Analyzer)
• A powerful data mining software
• Analyzing data with a variety of tools effectively and creating
various custom reports
• Extracting business-critical insights through data processing
 TI (Thomson Innovation)
• A leading IP intelligence and collaboration platform
• Combining together the industry’s powerful intellectual property
(IP) analysis tools.
• Analyzing data through citation map, clustering analysis,
patent map and so on
Data Analysis
 Trend Analysis
 Patents in US
 Patents in China
Data Analysis
As we know, the key technologies of shale gas industry are fracturing and
horizontal well.
Data Details
With keywords above, we mine patent data from big data by TDA.
Analysis: Trend Analysis
Patents in China and US
Analysis: Patent Map
• Big data is like ocean of data, which is extremely boring and makes it
difficult to find something useful, and this is why we choose patent map.
• The patent map is developed to identify patent theme and present the result
with a graphical model by data mining as well as clustering analysis.
• This model is based on contour map, on which a dot is a patent, high peaks
indicate density of documents, contour lines enclose a set of documents.
• It enables us to identify technology evolution, analyze patent distribution in
a particular technology space, and verify the characteristics of the patents.
Analysis: Patent Map (The US)
•Blue dot:
Holders are from
US.
•Yellow dot:
Holders are from
other countries.
Patents in US by the End of 1979
Analysis: Patent Map (The US)
•Blue dot:
Holders are from
US.
•Yellow dot:
Holders are from
other countries.
Patents in US by the End of 1989
Analysis: Patent Map (The US)
•Blue dot:
holders are from
US.
•Yellow dot:
holders are from
other countries.
Patents in US by the End of 1999
Analysis: Patent Map (The US)
•Blue dot:
Holders are from
US.
•Yellow dot:
Holders are from
other countries.
Patents in US by the End of 2012
Analysis: Top 10 patentees in the U.S.
• Except for Shell Oil, all of them are American enterprises.
Top 10 Patentees in the US
Analysis: The US
• Technology complexity and accumulation are technical characteristics
of the exploitation.
• After over 40 years, the exploitation of shale gas in the US has formed
an integrated technical system.
• More and more patents of shale gas are granted in US and the major
patent holders are American enterprises.
Analysis: Patent Map (China)
•Yellow dot:
Holders are from
China.
•Blue dot:
Holders are from
US.
Patents in China by the End of 1989
Analysis: Patent Map (China)
•Yellow dot:
Holders are from
China.
•Blue dot:
Holders are from
US.
Patents in China by the End of 1999
Analysis: Patent Map (China)
•Yellow dot:
Holders are from
China.
•Blue dot:
Holders are from
US.
Patents in China by the End of 2012
Analysis: Top 10 Patentees in China
•
The NO.1 patent holder is PetroChina.
•
China Petrochemical, China Petroleum University, China National Offshore Oil and
Southwest Petroleum University also hold a large part of patents in China.
•
Schlumberger, 3M, Halliburton and Exxonmobil are all American company.
Top 10 Patentees in China
Analysis: China
 China began the research on shale gas exploitation in 1980s and there
is lack of accumulation.
 Though more and more patents have been granted in China recently,
there are still some technical gaps in the field.
 Meanwhile, American enterprises have applied for many patents of
shale gas in China and become important holders.
Conclusion
 The technologies of shale gas exploitation is of high complexity and
need decades of technology accumulation.
 China has made progress in exploitation technology, but there are still
some technical gaps.
 There is abundant shale gas reserve in China and American firms
have more and more patents here, it will be a win-win situation to
seek Sino-US cooperation.
Thanks!
Welcome to Dalian!
Mier Zhang, Professor
Dalian University of Technology
E-mail: [email protected]