Transcript Floriculture Test - Mid

Floriculture Test
2008 District
A
• 1. What percentage of the floriculture crops
grown in the United States are produced in
Missouri?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
less than 1 percent
nearly 1.4 percent
5.3 percent
17 percent
B
• 2. The number one container-grown
flowering plant produced in Missouri is the
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Easter lily.
poinsettia.
geranium.
chrysanthemum.
C
• 3. Which is not true of a wholesale
greenhouse operation?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
It may sell on consignment.
It produces a number of different crops.
It may sell to the general public.
It sells to retailers.
B
• 4. The proper orientation for greenhouses
north of the 38th parallel is
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a.
b.
c.
d.
ends facing north and south.
ends facing east and west.
sides facing east and west.
orientation makes no difference.
D
• 5. Which is not a consideration when
purchasing land for a greenhouse?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
purchase price
proximity to roads and utilities
expansion potential
previous cropping history
A
• 6. What is the most important factor to be
considered when purchasing a greenhouse
covering material?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
light transmission
longevity
heat retention
resistance to shattering
A
• 7. Exolite is one brand name available for
what type of greenhouse glazing material?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
acrylic
polycarbonate
fiberglass
low-E glass
B
• 8. Which is not a consideration when
choosing a greenhouse framing material?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
strength
ability to accept paint
longevity
color
D
• 9. The three methods used to ventilate a
greenhouse are
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a.
b.
c.
d.
ridge and side vents, forced-air systems, and convection tubes
ridge and side vents, forced-air systems, and turbulator fans
turbulator fans, forced-air systems, and convection tubes
shading, roof and side vents, and forced-air systems
D
• 10. Which greenhouse floor materials would
be easiest to keep sanitized?
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• a. bark mulch
• b. gravel
• c. bare ground
• d. concrete
C
• 11. Unit heaters that use combustible fuels
.
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a.
b.
c.
d.
consume carbon monoxide
consume carbon dioxide
must be supplied with fresh air
release oxygen into the greenhouse
A
• 12. A thermal blanket or "heat sheet" operates on the
principle of
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• a. reducing the amount of greenhouse space to be
heated
• b. returning warm air downward from the
greenhouse attic
• c. reducing the infiltration loss from the greenhouse
covering material
• d. allowing more light to penetrate the greenhouse
and build up heat
B
• 13. Which is an environmental factor normally
monitored by greenhouse owners?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
carbon dioxide level
temperature
oxygen level
all of the choices are normally monitored
B
• 14. One purpose of ventilation is to decrease
in the greenhouse.
• a. oxygen levels
• b. relative humidity
• c. temperature
• d. carbon dioxide levels
A
• 15. Which is not characteristic of monocots?
• a. pith in center of stem
• b. single cotyledon
• c. vascular bundles scattered throughout
stem
• d. leaves with parallel veins
B
• 16. Which is not a part of the embryo of a
seed?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
radical
endosperm
hypocotyls
epicotyls
B
• 17. Where in a plant can cambium meristem
tissue be found?
• a. at the tips of shoots
• b. in stems
• c. at the tips of roots
• d. just above the nodes of a monocot
A
• 18. An example of a plant with clinging aerial
air roots would be
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a.
b.
c.
d.
English ivy.
orchid.
Swedish ivy.
water lily.
A
• 19. Horizontal, underground stems that form
roots on their lower surface are known as
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a.
b.
c.
d.
rhizomes.
corms.
bulbs.
tubers.
A
• 20. Which is not a modified leaf?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
thorn
tendril
plumule
bract
A
• 21. Leaves with tooth-like projections along
their margins are said to be
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a.
b.
c.
d.
dentate.
lobed.
undulate.
incised.
C
• 22. A flower would be considered imperfect if
it lacked which structures?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
petals
sepals
pistil
calyx
A
• 23. What is used to identify variations of a
species?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
cultivar
genus
order
subphylum
B
• 24. The tendency of plants to bend or grow
toward light is known as
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a.
b.
c.
d.
photoperiodism.
phototropism.
geotropism.
photosynthesis.
D
• 25. Which is not a photoperiodic response in
plants?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
flowering
tuber formation
bract coloration
none of the choices is correct
B
• 26. Which gases normally are not a part of the
greenhouse atmosphere?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
carbon dioxide
ethylene
water vapor
oxygen
B
• 27. Which of the growing media amendments
is inorganic in nature?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
coir
rock wool
Sphagnum peat
pine bark
A
• 28. Which is a physical characteristic of a
growing medium?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
porosity
pH
salinity
carbon: nitrogen ratio
B
• 29. Which primarily is used to add porosity to
a growing medium?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
coir
perlite
Sphagnum peat moss
calcined clay
C
• 30. Interveinal chlorosis of the older, lower
leaves best describes a deficiency of which
essential mineral elements?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
potassium
manganese
magnesium
iron
D
• 31. Which is not an essential macronutrient?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
carbon
nitrogen
sulfur
zinc
B
• 32. Which essential mineral elements is most
likely to produce toxicity symptoms when
applied in excessive amounts?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
magnesium
copper
sulfur
potassium
C
• 33. How many pounds of actual nitrogen are
contained by a 20-pound bag of 20-5-19
fertilizer?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
20
400
4
5
A
• 34. If plants are being fed at the rate of 200 ppm
nitrogen from a fertilizer with the analysis of 2010-20, how much potassium (as K2O) is being fed
at the same time?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
200 ppm
100 ppm
400 ppm
none of the choices is correct
C
• 35. Which storage conditions would best
prolong the life of stored seeds?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
warm and dry
warm and moist
cool and dry
cool and moist
D
• 36. Which are methods of overcoming seed
dormancy?
• a. chemical, mechanical, and anaerobic
• b. stratification, scarification, and water
absorption
• c. aerobic, stratification, and chemical
• d. heat, stratification, and mechanical
C
• 37. Separation of plant parts best describes
which types of asexual propagation?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
tissue culture
stem cuttings
division
layering
D
• 38. Seed germination in which the cotyledons
remain underground is termed
and
exhibited by most
plants.
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a.
epigeous, dicot
• b. epigeous, monocot
• c. hypogeous, dicot
• d. hypogeous, monocot
A
• 39. Which types of cuttings would contain an
actively growing meristem?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
stem tip
leaf and bud
leaf blade
stem
D
• 40. Which is not a type of mouth part found
on certain insects?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
chewing
piercing
rasping
none of the choices is correct
B
• 41. Which would not be a stage in the life
cycle of an insect that undergoes gradual
metamorphosis?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
egg
larva
nymph
adult
C
• 42. The physical elimination of pests from
greenhouses would represent which types of
pest control?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
chemical
cultural
mechanical
biological
C
• 43. Which is characteristic of mealybug damage
on plants?
• a. tiny, yellow spots on foliage called honeydew
• b. round, hard shells with rubbery coating on
plants
• c. yellow, deformed foliage with cottony masses
attached
• d. streaking and browning of flower petals
B
• 44. Which disease is least likely to affect a
plant’s root system?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
damping off
Botrytis
Rhizoctonia
nematodes
C
• 45. The most important consideration when
using pesticides in the greenhouse is to
• a. never apply more than one pesticide at a
time.
• b. clean equipment thoroughly after use.
• c. always read and follow label directions.
• d. never apply pesticides alone.
B
• 46. Most diseases of greenhouse plants are
caused by which pathogens?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
bacteria
fungi
nematodes
viruses
B
• 47. Which would a pesticide label normally
not contain?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
first aid recommendations
expiration date of active ingredient
EPA classification
safe reentry time
C
• 48. Which types of chemicals would be
considered a biological control?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
systemic
fumigant
pheromone
insect growth regulator
C
• 49. Which represents important demographic
information when conducting market research for
greenhouse crops?
• a. income level, age, and general health
• b. unemployment rate, age, and political party
• c. employment sectors, population of
community, and income level
• d. none of the choices is correct
A
• 50. If labor costs $8.00 per hour and a worker can
transplant 16 trays of 806 cell packs per hour, how
much transplanting labor is involved with each cell
pack (rounded to two decimals)? Hint: How many 806
cell packs can fit into a standard 1020 tray?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
$.06
$.16
$.08
$.18
C
• 51. Which styles or periods of floral design
places greatest importance on individual
flowers?
• a. Baroque period
• b. Victorian era
• c. Oriental style
• d. Art Deco style
A
• 52. Which is normally not the duty of a cut
flower manager?
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a. Buy all supplies for the flower shop.
b. Oversee cleaning of coolers.
c. Keeps perishable products moving.
d. Manage personnel in the absence of the
general manager.
C
• 53. Which is a potted foliage plant?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
gypsophila
leatherleaf
dracaena
poinsettia
D
• 54. Which is not a function of a preservative added to
water to extend the life of cut plant materials?
• a. add nutrients to the water solution
• b. contains a disinfectant to reduce or inhibit bacteria
• c. contains a surfactant that allows for more water to
enter the stem
• d. reduce hardness of water to allow for better
uptake
B
• 55. What is the first thing that should be done
when potted plants are unpacked?
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a. Water immediately.
b. Check for insects, disease, and damage.
c. Mist foliage after opening box.
d. Allow the plants to remain in the box until
they have adjusted to the new temperature.
A
• 56. Which is used to secure flowers and
materials in arrangements?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
floral foam
Sure stick®
waterproof tape
chenille sterms
C
• 57. Florists’ #40 size ribbon is most often used
for
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a.
b.
c.
d.
corsage construction.
dressing potted flowering plants.
pew bows for weddings.
boutonnieres.
D
• 58. Which is not an evaluation criterion for
proper bow construction?
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a. Ribbon tails are cut at an angle.
b. Center loop present.
c. There are at least three loops on each side.
d. The bow has pick attached for easy
placement.
A
• 59. Which are factors that affect the selection of a
holding device in an arrangement?
• a. material use, thickness of flower stems, and type
of container
• b. age of flowers, price of arrangement, and type of
container
• c. size of arrangement, use of arrangement, and color
of arrangement
• d. transport of arrangement, material used, and age
of flowers
A
• 60. What must a designer do to prepare a
wicker basket for a fresh arrangement?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Add a liner.
Add floral foam.
Construct a grid.
Lace the flower stems.
C
• 61. Which wiring method involves the use of a
small piece of moist cotton?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
clutch method
straight-wire method
hairpin method
hook method
A
• 62. Which is not a characteristic of a properly
tapped flower?
• a. The calyx of the flower should not be
covered.
• b. The tape has been stretched and pulled the
length of the wire.
• c. The tape should be difficult to pull off the
wire.
• d. None of the choices is correct.
B
• 63. Which is not an evaluation criterion for a
properly foiled potted plant?
• a. The foil complements the plant, especially
flower color.
• b. The foil is glued firmly to bottom of pot.
• c. The front of the foil covers the pot.
• d. The bow is inserted.
D
• 64. Which is a basic element of design?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
balance
scale
unity
pattern
B
• 65. Which color harmonies include the use of
two or more colors located near each other on
the color wheel?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
monochromatic
analogous
complementary
polychromatic
B
• 66. If a container is nine inches tall, how tall
should the finished floral arrangement be?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
9 to 12 inches
12 to 15 inches
15 to 20 inches
24 inches or more
A
• 67. Which is not considered a straight-line
arrangement?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Hogarth
triangle
vertical
inverted-T
D
• 68. What is the term used to describe a
contemporary flower design when groups of
flowers in contrasting colors are placed closely
together in a low, flat pattern?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
parallel
new wave
abstract
pav’e
C
• 69. Which are not designs used in the
ceremony of a wedding?
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a. canopy, unity candle, and aisle runner
b. unity candle, guest book, and alter flowers
c. gift table, unity candle, and guest book
d. canopy, kneeling bench, and candelabra
decorations
C
• 70. Because they emit
, fresh
greens used in wreath construction should not
be stored in the same cooler with flowers.
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• a. ozone
• b. carbon monoxide
• c. ethylene
• d. nitrogen
C
• 71. The solution used to glycerinize foliage is
usually made of
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a.
b.
c.
d.
equal amounts of water and glycerine.
one part of water to two parts of glycerine.
one part of glycerine to two parts of water.
one part of glycerine to four parts of water.
D
• 72. Which is not true about the use of silk flowers
in arrangements?
• a. They must be prepared or bent into shape.
• b. Silk flowers are available throughout the year.
• c. The stems of silk flowers can be lengthened
by wiring them.
• d. Silk flower stems can be easily cut with florist
scissors.
C
• 73. How is the use of dried flowers different from the
use of silk flowers in arrangements?
• a. A firmer, dry foam is needed for dried flowers
because of their stems.
• b. The foam does not need to be covered in a dried
flower arrangement.
• c. The stems of most dried flowers cannot be bent to
a particular shape.
• d. Most dried flowers are light in weight; therefore,
the container should weigh less.
C
• 74. Which should not be done when handling
complaints from customers?
• a. Avoid arguing with the customer.
• b. Resolve the problem as positively as possible.
• c. Kindly inform the customer they are free to
take their business elsewhere.
• d. If unable to resolve the complaint, ask the
manager to step in and handle it.
B
• 75. How much profit would a shop obtain from
an arrangement priced at $13.50 if the 3:1
markup pricing method was used?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
$10.50
$9.00
$4.50
$12.50