Transcript Floriculture Exam - Mid

Floriculture Exam
2007 District Exam
B
• 1. Who is credited with having built the first
greenhouse in what is now the United States?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Thomas Jefferson
Andrew Faneuil
Albertus Magnus
Lief Erickson
D
• 2. Which of the following disciplines deals
with the cultivation of fruit and nuts?
a.
• b.
• c.
• d.
olericulture
hydroponics
floriculture
pomology
A
• 3. The proper orientation for greenhouses
south of the 38th parellel is
a. ends facing north and south.
• b. ends facing east and west.
• c. sides facing north and south.
• d. orientation makes no difference south of
the 38th parallel.
A
• 4. Which of the following is not a legal
consideration in greenhouse planning?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
competition
zoning regulations
permits and licenses
none of the choices is correct
D
• 5. Which of the following is not a
consideration when purchasing land for a
greenhouse?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
purchase price
proximity to roads and utilities
expansion potential
previous cropping history
B
• 6. Which of the following represents the
greatest advantage for polyethylene plastic as
a greenhouse covering material?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
heat transmission
low initial cost
light diffusion
longevity
A
• 7. The greenhouse interior layout pictured is
known as
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a.
b.
c.
d.
longitudinal.
island.
peninsular.
crosswise.
D
• 8. Which of the following is not a
consideration when choosing a greenhouse
framing material?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
light blockage
strength
choice of covering material
ability to accept paint
B
• 9. An electronic semiconductor used in
computer-controlled greenhouses is known as
a/an
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a.
b.
c.
d.
aspirated thermostat.
thermistor.
solid-state fuel cell.
humidistat.
C
• 10. Which of the following is not acceptable as
a greenhouse floor material?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
concrete
gravel
bare ground
asphalt
A
• 11. Natural elements that must be controlled
in a greenhouse include
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a.
b.
c.
d.
temperature, humidity, and light.
light, wind speed, and water.
carbon dioxide, oxygen, and humidity.
none of the choices is correct.
B
• 12. Which of the following greenhouse
modifications and/or procedures will not reduce
the risk of insect infestation?
• a.
• b.
• c.
• d.
placing screens over vents
returning warm air downward from the greenhouse
attic
inspecting new plant material upon arrival and before
placing it in the greenhouse
constructing a screened entry to the greenhouse
B
• 13. Which of the following is an environmental
factor normally monitored by greenhouse
owners?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
carbon dioxide level
temperature
oxygen level
all of the choices are correct
B
• 14. One purpose of ventilation is to decrease
in the greenhouse.
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a.
b.
c.
d.
oxygen levels
relative humidity
temperature
carbon dioxide levels
D
• 15. What damage can low humidity in
greenhouses cause to plants?
• a. Increase disease incidence and severity.
• b. Increase insect infestation of soft-bodied
insects, such as aphids.
• c. Reduce the amount of nutrients taken up
from growing medium.
• d. Promote excessive water loss via
transpiration.
D
• 16. Which of the following is true for the vacuole
in the cell of a plant?
• a. It surrounds the cell and is just inside the cell
wall.
• b. It provides the site for respiration.
• c. It is the location of genetic material.
• d. It stores water, dissolved minerals, and other
materials.
A
• 17. Which of the following is not characteristic
of plants that are dicots?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
flower parts in multiples of three
leaves with branched veins
vascular bundles in circular pattern
two cotyledons
B
• 18. An example of a plant with absorptive air
roots would be a/an
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a.
b.
c.
d.
English ivy.
orchid.
Swedish ivy.
water lily.
C
• 19. Modified leaves that wrap around the base
of a plant to form a compressed, thickened
stem are called
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a.
b.
c.
d.
rhizomes.
corms.
bulbs.
tubers.
C
• 20. Which of the following is not characteristic of
palisade mesophyll cells?
• a. primary site for photosynthesis
• b. elongated cells located under the upper
epidermis
• c. thick-walled and covered with a waxy cuticle
• d. contain chlorophyll
D
• 21. What is the name for the type of leaf
margin shown in this drawing?
• a. serrate
• b. lobed
• c. undulate
• d. incised
A
• 22. Which of the following is true for the
petals (corolla) of a flower?
• a. Petals are considered to be a vegetative
part of the flower.
• b. Petals connect the stigma with the ovary.
• c. Petals support the anther.
• d. Petals produce pollen grains.
D
• 23. Environmental factors that affect
transpiration rate include
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a.
b.
c.
d.
light, carbon dioxide, and relative humidity.
relative humidity, temperature, and oxygen.
oxygen, temperature, and wind.
wind, light, and temperature.
D
• 24. Which of the following is not characteristic
of a plant growing with adequate amounts of
light?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
thick stems
larger flowers
increase pigments
longer internodes
D
• 25. Which of the following wavelengths of
light would cause the greatest heating effect
of plants?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
blue
red
far-red
infrared
C
• 26. Which of the following container types
would be most ideal for plants with large,
deep tap roots?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
standard pot
azalea pot
rose pot
bulb pan
A
• 27. Which of the following growing media
amendments is organic in nature?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
bagasse
calcined clay
perlite
rock wool
B
• 28. Which of the following is a chemical
characteristic of a growing medium?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
bulk density
acidity (pH)
porosity
water-retention capacity
D
• 29. Which of the following primarily is used to
add bulk density to a growing medium?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
vermiculite
perlite
Sphagnum peat moss
calcined clay
A
• 30. Which of the following symptoms best
describes a plant suffering from potassium
deficiency?
• a. necrotic or scorched edges beginning with
older leaves
• b. spindly growth with few lateral shoots
• c. purplish veins and stems
• d. yellow, black, or brown new leaf tips
C
• 31. The practice of watering to excess in order
to prevent the buildup of salts in the growing
medium is known as
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a.
b.
c.
d.
flooding.
drip irrigation.
leaching.
desalination.
B
• 32. Which of the following is not an advantage of
drip irrigation systems?
• a. Easy to fertilize and apply water at same time.
• b. May displace or puddle growing medium.
• c. Leaves do not get wet thus reducing disease
infestation.
• d. None of the choices is correct.
D
• 33. Which of the following statements concerning
fertilizers is not true?
• a. Inorganic fertilizers tend to release their nutrients
rapidly.
• b. Organic fertilizers tend to be bulky and imprecise in
their nutrient quantity.
• c. Inorganic fertilizers are synthesized concentrates of
mineral salts.
• d. Plants prefer organic fertilizers as opposed to
inorganic fertilizers.
A
• 34. Fertilizer recommendations for plants (e.g.
250 ppm) are usually made in terms of ppm
for which essential element?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
nitrogen
phosphorus
potassium
magnesium
B
• 35. Which of the following statements is not true
about the Federal Variety Protection (PVP) Act?
• a. It encourages scientists and breeders to
continue biotechnological experiments.
• b. It provides plant breeders with exclusive
marketing rights worldwide.
• c. It grants a certificate of protection for 18
years.
• d. None of the choices is correct.
D
• 36. Seed germination is said to be an aerobic
process. The term aerobic means it requires
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• a. water.
• b. light.
• c. temperature.
• d. oxygen.
A
• 37. Which of following statements is not true
concerning the care of seedlings after germination?
• a. Growing-on temperature should be 10 degrees F
warmer than germination temperature.
• b. They should be moved to an area that receives
bright light following germination.
• c. Fertilizer should be initially applied at one-quarter
the recommended strength for growing-on.
• d. The growing medium should be allowed to dry
slightly between watering.
A
• 38. How many pounds of potassium (K2O)
does a 25-pound bag of 20-10-20 fertilizer
contain?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
5
10
20
12.5
C
• 39. Which of the following statements concerning
asexual propagation is not true?
• a. Grafting is used most often for trees and roses.
• b. Some plants (e.g., tulips) reproduce naturally by
division.
• c. A whip graft is used to join a small scion to a large
rootstock.
• d. When air layering, a portion of the stem is
removed and rooting is induced at that area.
C
• 40. In which type of layering is the stem cut
back before the process begins?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
tip
serpentine (compound)
mound
trench
D
• 41. The type of cutting pictured is known as
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a.
b.
c.
d.
stem tip.
leaf and bud.
leaf blade.
stem.
A
• 42. Which of the following plant diseases
would not be associated with a plant’s root
system?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
botrytis
Pythium
Rhizoctonia
nematodes
D
• 43. Which of the following is characteristic of
thrips damage on plants?
• a. tiny yellow spots on foliage called honeydew
• b. round, hard shells with rubbery coating on
plants
• c. yellow, deformed foliage
• d. streaking and browning of flower petals
B
• 44. Which of the following pests/stages has
chewing mouthparts?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
fungus gnat adult
fungus gnat larvae
mealybug adult
mealybug larvae
C
• 45. The most important consideration when
using pesticides in the greenhouse is to
• a. never apply more than one pesticide at a
time.
• b. clean equipment thoroughly after use.
• c. always read and follow label directions.
• d. never apply pesticides alone.
D
• 46. Integrated pest management (IPM) is a
comprehensive approach to insect management
using which of the following methods?
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• a. biological control
• b. chemical control
• c. cultural control
• d. all of the choices are correct
D
• 47. Which of the following would a pesticide label
normally not contain?
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• a. environmental, physical, and chemical
hazards
• b. storage and disposal directions
• c. type of clothing and equipment that should
be worn when applying
• d. expiration date of active ingredient
A
• 48. All Certified Private Applicator licenses expire
how many years from their date of issue?
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a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. Certified Private Applicator licenses never
expire
A
• 49. Which of the following represents a
variable greenhouse cost?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
fertilizer
depreciation
taxes
insurance
B
• 50. If labor costs $8.00 per hour and a worker can
transplant 10 trays of 606 cell packs per hour, how
much transplanting labor is involved with each cell
pack (round to two decimals)? Hint: How many 606
cell packs can fit into a standard 1020 tray?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
$.08
$.13
$.17
$.80
A
• 51. Which of the following styles or periods of
floral design was typified of very elaborate use of
flowers and curved lines with flowers massed and
very full?
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• a. Baroque period
• b. Victorian era
• c. Oriental style
• d. Art Deco style
C
• 52. Which of the following career
opportunities is not related to floristry?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
interiorscaping
teaching
greenhouse production manager
horticultural (plant) therapy
A
• 53. Which of the following is a potted foliage
plant?
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• a. golden pothos
• b. leatherleaf
• c. emerald
• d. poinsettia
D
• 54. The useful life of a cut flower can be
extended by
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a.
b.
c.
d.
cutting the base of the stems.
refrigeration.
using a floral preservative.
all of the choices are correct.
C
• 55. What is the first thing that should be done with a
plant that has been received with insects on it?
• a. The insects should be gently washed off with a
stream of warm water.
• b. The plant should be sprayed with an insecticide.
• c. The plant should be isolated from other plants.
• d. A complaint should be filed with the greenhouse
that raised the plant.
B
• 56. The best tape to use to cover exposed
floral wire would be
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Oasis tape.
floral tape.
waterproof tape.
double-stick tape.
A
• 57. Florists’ #3 size ribbon is most often used
for
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a.
b.
c.
d.
corsage construction.
dressing potted flowering plants.
pew bows for weddings.
boutonnieres.
D
• 58. Which of the following is not a commonly
used material for constructing floral
containers?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
plastic
glass
wicker (baskets)
clay (terra cotta)
B
• 59. A properly constructed bow should have at
least
loops on each side.
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a.
b.
c.
d.
2
3
4
5
B
• 60. Which of the following is not a factor taken
into consideration when selecting a holding
device for a container arrangement?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
weight and size of the arrangement
color scheme used in the arrangement
thickness of the flower stems
price of the arrangement
B
• 61. The most commonly used wire gauge for
roses, carnations, and other “heavy” flowers is
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a.
b.
c.
d.
18 gauge.
24 gauge.
26 gauge.
28 gauge.
A
• 62. When tapping a flower with floral tape,
one begins
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a.
b.
c.
d.
at the calyx of the flower.
at the end of the flower stem.
in the middle of the stem.
with the petals.
B
• 63. Which of the following is a basic principle
of floral arranging?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
color
balance
height
geometric shape
D
• 64. Three elements of floral design include
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a.
b.
c.
d.
line, form, and rhythm.
rhythm, pattern, and harmony.
harmony, pattern, and texture.
texture, line, and form.
C
• 65. Which of the following color harmonies
includes the use of three colors located
equidistant from each other on the color wheel?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
monochromatic
analogous
triad harmonies
polychromatic
B
• 66. If a container is six inches tall, how tall
should the finished arrangement be?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
15 to 24 inches
12 to 15 inches
9 to 12 inches
6 to 9 inches
D
• 67. What traditional design style incorporates
many different kinds of flower colors?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Biederman
Botanical
Phoenix
Mille Fleurs
A
• 68. Which arrangement shape is said to have a
serpentine or “lazy S” line?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Hogarth
Landscape
Crescent
Waterfall
A
• 69. In centerpiece construction, foliage is not
added after the lines are filled in. When is it
most likely added?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Before the flowers are added.
After the filler is added.
As each flower is added.
When the foam is prepared.
D
• 70. Which of the following is not a base
material used to construct wreaths?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
hillman wreath frame
grapevine wreath frame
straw wreath frame
floral foam wreath frame
B
• 71. The solution used to glycerinize foliage is
usually made of
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a.
b.
c.
d.
equal amounts of water and glycerine.
one part water to two parts glycerine.
one part glycerine to two parts water.
one part glycerine to four parts water.
A
• 72. Which of the following is not needed to
construct a dish garden?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Oasis foam
gravel or pebbles
sheet moss
Plant Shine
A
• 73. Which of the following is not a type of
delivery service offered by a typical flower shop?
• a. The shop gives credit to a customer willing to
pick up their own order.
• b. The shop uses a commercial delivery service
to delivery orders.
• c. The shop makes deliveries in cooperation
with other flower shops.
• d. The shop makes their own deliveries.
D
• 74. When stocking shelves or displaying
merchandise in a flower shop, one should never
• a. vacuum or dust everything before displaying
it.
• b. price all merchandise before displaying it.
• c. place items away from the edge of the shelf.
• d. place newer merchandise in front of older
merchandise.
B
• 75. Assume that the materials used to construct a
floral arrangement have a wholesale cost of $12.
How much profit would a shop obtain from this
arrangement if it was priced using the 3:1 ratio
method?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
$36
$24
$18
$12