Transcript Propagation of Banana

Propagation
Of
Banana
Propagation of Banana
Introduction
Banana is a tropical crop,
requiring warm, humid
climate.
Banana grows well at
temperature range of
15ºC to 35ºC with a
relative humidity of 75
to 85%.
Banana requires average
rainfall of 650 to750 mm
Propagation of Banana
Introduction
Banana must be planted
in rich, well-drained soil
(Fig.) for commercial
production.
Acid soils with a pH of
5.5 to 6.5 are preferred.
Banana crop do not grow
well in salty soils
Propagation of Banana
Propagation
Banana crop is propagated
by rhizomes, suckers and
bits.
Banana rhizomes or corms
Banana plants do not produce
viable seeds and hence it is
exclusively propagated by
vegetative means.
Banana suckers
Propagation of Banana
Propagation
The most common propagation
material is suckers.
Maidenhead, a large nonfruiting pseudo-stem (with
roots and some rhizome);
Water sucker, a sucker next to
but only superficially attached
to the mother rhizome with
broad leaves.
There are 3 types of suckers:
Sword sucker, a sucker
attached to the original
(mother) rhizome with
narrow sword-like leaves,
and;
Propagation of Banana
Propagation
Large sword suckers and
maidenheads are the
preferred planting material.
Sword sucker
Water suckers produce inferior
fruit and are therefore not
recommended.
Water sucker
Propagation of Banana
Propagation
A well developed rhizome
Conical shape
With lanceolate leaves
Actively growing central bud
Weighing 500 to 750 g
Select sword suckers with
the following features.
Propagation of Banana
Propagation
Separate the sword suckers
free from diseases and
nematodes from the mother
plant.
Trim the roots and decayed
portion of the corm.
Grade the suckers according
to size and cut the pseudostem 20 cm from the corm.
Propagation of Banana
Propagation
For controlling wilt disease in Rasthali,
Monthan, Neyvannan, Virupakshi
varieties, the corm is dipped in 0.1%
Emisan solution (1 g in 1 lit of water) for
5 minutes after removal of the infected
parts of the corm.
The corms are shade dried for
24 hours before planting.
Propagation of Banana
Propagation
Nematodes are controlled by dipping
the corm in a slurry solution prepared
with 4 parts of clay and 5 parts of
water. Sprinkle 40 g of Carbofuran in
the slurry solution.
Alternately, the corms are dipped
with 0.75% Monocrotophos.
Well-developed rhizomes with
dormant lateral buds and ‘dead’
central bud are used in western
and central Maharashtra.
Propagation of Banana
Planting
Usually planting is done during
June-July. However,
Cultivar, agro-climatic conditions
and market demand determines
the time of planting
Sigatoka-susceptible banana
cultivars must be planted to
avoid bunch emergence in
monsoon.
Propagation of Banana
Planting
Dwarf varieties are planted in
furrows with spacing 1.5 x 1.5 m
with 4444 plants per ha
Tall varieties are spaced
2 to 3 m apart.