Transcript The Simpur Story

The Simpor Story
(A Brunei Symbol)
A Brief Introduction
Simpur or Simpor (scientific name; Dillenia)as the locals called it, is native to
Brunei Darussalam forests. It can be found everywhere in the country may it
be deep in the jungle or the outskirts of a small secondary forests.
Due to its common existence, Simpur or Simpor has been adapted and became
an iconic symbol of Brunei Darussalam. Up until now, Simpor was
recognized by other countries as a symbol of Brunei and to show this
symbolic icon, different types of simpor have been printed in Brunei Dollar
notes.
In this PowerPoint presentation, we tend to open and tell viewers the story of
this plant. Sit back and enjoy the presentation.
Simpur: Its Habitat
•
Generally, Simpur can be simply found
on swampy areas, lowland inland forests,
wasteland and even on eroded soil.
• It covers area of secondary forests and is
abundance everywhere.
Distribution of Dillenia species in Brunei
1. Dillenia beccariana (Martelli)
- Borneo endemic. Locally common on the clay
slopes in the lower Temburong and Batu Apoi
valleys, in the Ulu Tutong and at Tasik
Merimbun.
2. Dillenia borneensis (Hoogland)
- Found rare in Brunei: on clay soils in mixed
dipterocarp forest at 300m in temburong District.
3. Dillenia excelsa (jack) Gilg
- Throughout Brunei: especially in moist valleys
and lower slopes.
4. Dillenia grandifolia (Wallich)
- Uncommon in Brunei: known from Ulu Ingei
and Andulau Forest reserve, Belait, and Kuala
Belalong, Amo.
5. Dillenia indica (Linnaeus)
- Not native in Brunei:sometimes cultivated.
6. Dillenia reticulata (king)
-Locally frequent on sandy soils in the
floodplains o f the streams within Andulau
Forest Reserve in Brunei, and in Ulu Belait.
7. Dillenia pulchella (Jack)Gilg
- Mixed peatswamp fprest and swampy
kerangas, in Brunei especially near the coast.
8. Dillenia suffruticosa (Griffith)martelli
- Abundant on degraded land,often where
covering from fire;also common in river banks
and other open place,especially downriver and
on poor soils.
9. Dillenia sumatrana (miquel)
- Common in Brunei: in lowland mixed
dipterocarp forest on leached sandy and sandy
clay soils-Belait and Tutong districts but far not
from Temburong.
Simpur: Location where it can be
found.
Simpur can be found at the following regions:
• Asia
• Australasia
• Indian Ocean Islands
THE SIMPOR STORY
Dillenia or commonly known as Simpoh or Simpor or Simpur is a genus of
100 species of flowering plants in the family Dilleniaceae, native to tropical
and subtropical regions of southern Asia, Australasia, and the Indian Ocean
islands.
The genus is named after the German botanist Johann Jacob Dillenius, and
consists of evergreen or semi-evergreen trees and shrubs.
Dillenia is widespread in Brunei and can grow in various habitats.
It is a species that can be seen in the white sands of Brunei where it serves as
the colonizer of the sands other species can not live.
In due time, the white sands will become a new rainforest.
THE SIMPOR STORY
Scientific Classification
Kingdom
Plantae
Sub-kingdom
Tracheobionta
Vascular Plants Superdivision
Spermatophyta
Seed Plants Division
Magnoliophyta
Flowering Plants Class
Magnoliopsida
Dicotyledons Subclass
Dillenidae
Order
Dilleniales
Family
Dileniaceae
Genus
Dilenia
THE SIMPOR STORY
•
Dillenia in Brunei Darussalam
SPECIES
Dillenia Suffruticosa (Griffith) Martelli
COMMON NAME
Simpoh Air, Simpor Bini
Buan (Iban), tegering abai (Murut), dingrng kala’o (Belait)
Dillenia Grandifolio Wallich ex Hooker f. &
Pokok Simpoh Daun Merah
Thomson
Dillenia Reticulata King
Pokok Simpoh Gajah, simpor pay
Dillenia Excelsa (Jack) Gilg
Pokok Simpoh Ungu, simpor laki, simpur laki, simpoh, Simpur
laki (Brunei, Dusun) Beringin (Iban)
Dillenia beccariana Martelli
River simpor, Buan (Iban)
Dillenia Indica Linnaeus
Dillenia Borneensis Hoogland
Ubah rusa (Iban)
Dillenia Sumatrana Miquel
Simpur Laki (Brunei), Peru (Iban), Menterong
Dillenia Pulchella (Jack) Gilg
Simpur paya
THE SIMPOR STORY
Links:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dillenia
http://www.wellgrowhorti.com/page/landscapeplant
s/Trees/Tree%20List%20D.htm
http://srttaseancorner.blogspot.com/2010_04_01_ar
chive.html
http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/dilleni.ht
m
http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senarai_pokok
THE SIMPOR STORY :
FLOWERS
• Among all the species discovered, only
the common species have been pictured
and posted via Internet. From these
pictures, we hope it will be easier to
distinguish between each species.
Dillenia Excelsa
Please click title for description
Dillenia Alata
Please click title for description
Dillenia Indica
Please click title for description
Dillenia Philippinensis
Please click title for description
Dillenia subfruticosa
Dillenia Sumatrana
Dillenia Beccariana
THE SIMPOR STORY:
FRUITS OF THE DILLENIA
Dillenia alata
• The open fruit reveal
bright red valves and
black seeds.
Dillenia indica, Dillenia speciosa
• The greenish-yellow
fruit, which has a thick
protective covering, is
edible; unripe fruits are
cooked to make pickle
and chutney. The juicy
pulp is aromatic but
very acid.
Dillenia ingens
Dillenia ovata
Dillenia philippinensis
Dillenia serrata, Dillenia elliptica
Dillenia suffruticosa, Wormia suffruticosa
• The ripe fruit splits
open also at 3 am, into
pinkish star-shaped
segments to reveal
seeds covered in red
arils.
• It takes 5 weeks for the
fruit to set.
Dillenia beccariana
Unopened fruit
Opened fruit
Dillenia excelsa
Unopened fruit
Opened
fruit
THE SIMPOR STORY:
USES & APPLICATIONS
• The large leaves are used to
wrap food such as tempeh
(fermented soyabean cakes),
nasi lemak and tapai (fermented
rice).
• Can be rolled into shallow cones
to contain traditional "fast food"
such as rojak.
• The mature or old leaves of
some species contain a deposit
of silica in their tissues and thus
they were once used as
sandpaper.
• As an indicator of availability
of water source
- This plant sends out very
deep tap roots to reach
underground water
sources.
- Hence, some people use
the plant as a guide to
decide where to dig a
well.
Traditional medical views
• Traditional medicinal uses
- The young shoots is used to staunch
bleeding wounds.
• The fruit pulp may be used to wash the hair.
• The Simpor Bini (Dillenia suffruticosa) is also
widespread in distribution, and it can grow in
various habitats.
• It can be found commonly in the white sands areas,
as well in secondary growth and in swamps.
• In the white sands, the Simpor Bini is a very
important species. It acts as a pioneer species,
colonizing the white sands where other tree species
are unable to establish themselves on the white
sands.
• The Simpor Bini is known to have seeds that can
establish on the white sands, and on germinating,
are able to send roots very deep down to reach
underground water source.
• The low spreading shrubs that develop will
eventually provide shade for seedlings of other tree
species to establish themselves.
• Islands of fresh vegetation will be initially formed,
and eventually a new forest is established.
THE END