Transcript Arch and Env1

‫‪Climate and Architecture‬‬
‫‪Arch 331‬‬
‫‪Dr. Abdelrahman Elbakheit‬‬
‫‪References‬‬
‫العناصر المناخية و التصميم المعمارى‪ ,‬د‪ .‬سعيد عبد الرحيم سعيد بن عوف ‪1.‬‬
‫العمارة و المناخ ‪ ,‬د‪ .‬هاشم عبود الموسوى ‪2.‬‬
Climate and Architecture:
1.Climatology:
Is the study of climate. It’s one of the physical geography sciences, that study the natural environment
as opposed to the man made environment.
The sun radiation when striking the earth with it’s land and sea surfaces creates differences in
temperatures and pressures that create winds and generate rain. Thus developing different
climatic conditions in different parts of the earth.
The result = different Climates in different parts of the earth.
The climate affects terrain shape, plant life and human life.
Climate VS Weather
2.Man and climate:
Studied climates trying to modify it for his comfort through buildings of different types.
Micro Climate:
3.Climate elements:
3.Climate Elements:
Radiation:
Air Temperature:
Air Movements:
Humidity:
Radiation: Solar radiation is the source for all type of energies on earth. Directly/Indirectly.
Types of Radiation :
Heat radiation, invisible infra red which is part the electromagnetic. 49%
light Radiation, Visible part of the electromagnetic. 46 %
Ultra-Violet radiation. Invisible, Biodegradable. 4.6%
Air Temperature:
An important quality of air, measured with thermometers by Centigrade or Fahrenheit.
Can be compiled as:
Daily/Monthly mean temperature
Daily/Monthly mean maximum temperature
Daily/Monthly mean minimum temperature
Maximum and minimum temperature
Air Movements (wind):
One of the important climate elements.
Movements cased by pressure differences, earth movements around the sun and it’s axis and due
to topographic difference in the earth (land/sea air movements)
Humidity:
It plays an important role in human feelings about the weather and in temperature changes between
the human body and the environment.. It is also responsible for rain falls etc..
Measure as
-Vapour pressure: measured in milli-par and its measure for the saturation of air with water vapour.
Full saturation is call the Dew point at 100% relative humidity at specific temperature and air
pressure.
-Specific Humidity: it’s a ratio between vapour weight to the air weight.
-Absolute Humidity: it's a ration between vapour weight to a unit of air volume.
-Relative Humidity: it’s a ratio of vapour present in air to that maximum that can be contained in a
unit volume of air at a specific temperature and pressure.
General characteristics of main climates on earth:
Equatorial climate:
tropical climate:
Temperate climate:
Artic Climate: