Transcript Business Communication CMUN 11

Business
Communication
CMUN 11
Mrs. Waddell
Agenda
• Nonverbal Communication
• Meyers & Briggs Personality
Profile
• The Generational Divide (if
time)
• Next week: Interviewing &
Listening Skills
Welcome!
Nonverbal
Communication
&
Presentation Skills
Communicating Without Words
• We all communicate
nonverbally
• By analyzing nonverbal
cues, we can
– enhance our understanding
– define relationships
Cues and Contexts

We communicate nonverbally
through
 our bodies and appearance
 the environment we create
and live in
Cues and Contexts

Nonverbal communication
 Perpetual
 Frequently involuntary

Verbal and nonverbal messages
 Clear messages
 Mixed messages –words and actions contradiction
Aspects of Nonverbal Communication

Kinesics – the study of body
language
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Facial Expressions =
emotion display
Posture and Gestures
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Posture sends messages:
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Content and confident? Angry and belligerent? Worried
and discouraged?
Flight or Fight
The way you feel about those with whom you are
communicating
Gestures sends messages:
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Movements of arms, legs, hands, and feet send messages
about us
Gestures do not have universal meanings
Functions of Nonverbal Communication
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Message Reinforcement
 “I love you” & kisses
Message Negation
 “We need to spend less time
together” & moving closer
Message Substitution
 Pointing/gestures/ “OK” sign
Message Accentuation
 “I’m so angry!” & pulling on hair
Message Regulation
 eye contact/posture/gestures
 Signals flow of conversation
Clothing and Artifacts

Artifactual communication – the use of personal
adornments

Extremely important in creating a first impression

Dress and chosen images should change as our roles
change

Sometimes the basis for judgments regarding success,
character, dominance, and competence
Paralanguage

Paralanguage – vocal cues that accompany language
 Pitch
 Habitual pitch
 Volume
 Rate
 Pauses
 Nonfluencies
 Silence
Confused Communication
• Speech Fillers/Nonfluencies
– confuse the listener, with the message
becoming garbled
– anything that interrupts the message and can
include:
–
–
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–
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–
–
UM
UH
Like
OKAY
You Know
So then
Now…
Space and Distance
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Distances
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Intimate: 0-18 inches
Personal: 18 inches to 4 ft.
Social: 4 to 12 ft.
Public: 12 ft. to limit of sight
Spaces
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Informal: highly mobile and can be quickly changed
Semifixed-feature: the use of objects to create distance
Fixed-feature: relatively permanent objects to define the
environment around us
Territoriality and Personal Space
– the need to demonstrate a
possessive or ownership relationship to
space
 Territoriality
– used to establish territory or
reserve one’s space
 Markers
Colors

Color affects us emotionally and physiologically

Some of the emotions colors can trigger:
 Excitement
 Warmth
 Passion and sensuality
 Happiness
 Relaxation
 Persuasion
Chronemics

Using time to communicate
 The meaning of time differs around the world
 “Time talks”
 Last minute invitations
 Habitual tardiness
 Leaving early
 Allocation of certain activities to appropriate times
 Structure time differently
Haptics

Haptics – the study of the use of touch
Culturally conditioned
 Correlates positively with openness, comfort with
relationships
 Can reflect status
 Valued differently by different cultures

Gender and Nonverbal Behavior

Visual Dominance – measured
by comparing the percentage of
looking while speaking with the
percentage of looking while
listening

Men – higher levels of
looking while speaking

Women – higher levels of
looking while listening
Gendered Communication
Diversity and Nonverbal Behavior
 Contact
cultures vs. Low-contact cultures
 Different
cultures may express emotion or
intimacy in different ways
 Cultural
background also affects their use of
touch and personal space
 Identical
nonverbal cues may still convey
different meanings in different cultures
MEYERS & BRIGGS
PERSONALITY PROFILE
Speech 5
Meyers & Briggs
• Preference test
– Dependent upon context
• 16 Types
– Extraversion/Introversion
– Sensing/Intuition
– Thinking/Feeling
– Judging/Perceiving
Extraversion/Introversion
• Similarities and
differences
Extraversion (75%)
• Relates more easily to the outer
world of people and things
• Life is an open book
• Gather’s energy with people
• Expends energy
• Thinks out loud
• Many friends
• Many topics
Introversion (25%)
• Relates more easily to the inner
world of ideas and concepts
• Saves energy
• People draw out energy
• Territoriality
• Thinks inside
• 1-1 relationships
• In depth relationships
Sensing/Intuition
• Similarities and
differences
Sensing (75%)
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Input
Would rather work with known facts
How you bring your information in
Down to earth
Likes rules
Decisions made on past experience
Enjoys using skills they know
Routine details
Few factual errors
Intuition (25%)
• Input
• Would rather look for possibilities
and relationships
• Prefers new skills
• Works with bursts of energy
• Attracted by the future
• Looks for possibilities
• Hunches
• Speculative
Thinking/Feeling
• Similarities and
differences
Thinking (50%)
• Output
• Gender 51% of group male
• Judgments based more on impersonal
analysis and logic
• Linear
Thinking (50%)
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Doesn’t show emotions readily
Concerned with the Law
Analytical
Standards
Problems accepting errors
Feeling (50%)
• Output
• Gender 51% of group Female
• Judgments based more on personal
values
• Needs and wants harmony
• Illogically ignores facts when feelings are
stronger
Feeling (50%)
• Social values
• Extenuating
circumstances
• Justice
• People oriented
Judging/Perceiving
• Similarities and
differences
Judging (50%)
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Likes a planned, decided, orderly way of life
Systematic way of deciding
needs resolution and closure
Urgency until decision then calm
Strong work ethic
Outcome oriented
Perceiving (50%)
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Likes a flexible, spontaneous way of life
Experiencing life
Accepting of the world
Prefers options
Resistance to decisions
Deadlines are a time to get started
Life happens--deal with it
Spontaneous, fluid
THE FOUR TEMPERAMENTS
RATIONALS
ARTISANS
IDEALISTS
GUARDIANS
CONCRETE COMMUNICATORS
COOPERATIVE in implementing goals
Highly skilled in LOGISTICS
THE GUARDIANS
CONSERVATORS
ADMINISTRATORS
PROTECTORS
INSPECTORS ISTJ
SUPERVISORS
ESTJ
ISFJ
PROVIDERS ESFJ
ABSTRACT COMMUNICATORS
COOPERATIVE in implementing goals,
Highly skilled in DIPLOMATIC INTEGRATION
ADVOCATES
THE IDEALISTS
MENTORS
COUNSELORS INFJ
HEALERS INFP
CHAMPIONS ENFP
TEACHERS ENFJ
ABSTRACT COMMUNICATORS
UTILITARIAN in implementing goals
Highly skilled in STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
ENGINEERS
THE RATIONALS
COORDINATORS
Mastermind INTJ
Architect INTP
Fieldmarshal ENTJ
Inventor ENTP
CONCRETE COMMUNICATORS
UTILITARIAN in implementing goals,
highly skilled in TACTICAL VARIATION
ENTERTAINERS
COMPOSERS ISFP
THE ARTISANS
OPERATORS
CRAFTERS ISTP
PROMOTERS ESTP
PERFORMERS ESFP
Keirsey
Temperament
Distribution
Total Results Counted
= 6440530
Temperament
Percentage
Total
Guardian
43.52
2803032
Idealist
30.09
1938263
Rational
13.85
892232
Artisan
12.53
807003
SPEECH 5
Keirsey
Temperament
Distribution
Temperament
Percentage
Total
Guardian
28
5
Idealist
50
9
Rational
22
4
Artisan
0
0
Total Results Counted
=18
Extra Credit!!!
• What type is your
instructor?
– The first person to
guess correctly earns
25 extra credit points
– Listen for clues
– ONE GUESS PER
PERSON
Extra Credit!!!
• Clues
– No one in the class
has the same type as
instructor
– Not an Artisan
– Two types strongly
expressed
– Two types extremely
slightly expressed
The Generational Divide:
Old Farts and Upstarts
Instructor: Ellen Waddell
Sounds of the Generations
• Sounds of the generations:
– perspectives based on lifechanging events
• Workplaces diversified at all levels
– Age
– Race
– Gender
– Ethnicity/culture
• Impact of technology
DEFINING EVENTS
1930s
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Great Depression
Election of FDR
1940s
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Pearl Harbor
D-Day
VE Day and VI Day
Hiroshima/Nagasaki
1950s
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Korean War
TV in every home
McCarthy HCUAA Hearings
Rock n Roll
Salk Polio vaccine introduced
1960s
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Vietnam
Kennedy elected
Civil Rights Movement
Kennedy and King
assassinations
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Moon landing
Woodstock
1970s
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Oil Embargo
Nixon Resigns
First PCs
Women’s Rights Movement
1980s
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2000s
Y2K
Dot Com rise and fall
911
War on Terrorism
War with Iraq
Challenger Explosion
Fall of Berlin Wall
John Lennon shot
Reagan elected
Savings and Loan Debacle
California: Loma Prieta earthquake
1990s
Desert Storm
Oklahoma City bombing
Death of Princess Diana
Clinton Scandals
Internet/PC boom
California: Northridge earthquake
Sounds of the Generations
• “They have no work ethic. They’re just a bunch of
slackers.”
• “A hiring bonus! Wet behind the ears and he wants a
hiring bonus! At his age, I was just grateful to have a
job.”
• “I have a new role. I will not attend meetings that start
after 5 p.m. I have a life.”
• “He asks me, ‘Do you have an e-mail address?’ I felt
like telling him, ‘since you were in diapers, buddy.’”
• “She wants a ‘career map.’ I don’t even know if there
will be a customer relations department this time next
year.”
• If I hear, ‘We tried that in ’87’ one more time, I will
scream!”
The Veterans: 1922-1943
Popular names
George and Dorothy
AKA
Traditionalists; WWII Generation;
The Silent Generation; Seniors
Defining events
The Great Depression; Pearl Harbor;
WWII; New Deal; Korean War; Golden
Age of Radio; Silver Screen; Rise of
Labor Unions
Visible members
Harry Belafonte; George Bush Sr.;
Jimmy Carter; Phil Donohue; John
Glenn; Gloria Steinem
Music of their early
years
Swing; Big Band; Glenn Miller; Duke
Ellington; Benny Goodman; Tommy
Dorsey; Frank Sinatra
The Baby Boomers: 1943-1960
Popular names
Tom and Linda
AKA
Boomers
Defining events
Prosperity; Children in the spotlight;
Television (color); Suburbia;
Assassinations; Vietnam; Civil Rights
Movement; Flower Children; Woodstock;
The Cold War; Women’s Liberation: The
Space Race
Visible members
Bill & Hilary Clinton; David Letterman;
Oprah Winfrey; Jane Pauley; Bill Gates;
Rush Limbaugh; Mick Jagger
Music of their early
years
Rock n Roll; Acid Rock; Elvis; The
Beatles; Rolling Stones; Grateful Dead;
Beach Boys; Jimi Hendrix; Janis Joplin;
Bob Dylan; Supremes; Temptations
The Generation Xers: 1960-1980
Popular names
Devon and Li
AKA
Xers; Twenty-somethings; Thirteeners;
Baby busters; Post-boomers
Defining events
Watergate/Nixon resigns; Latchkey kids;
Stagflation; Single-parent homes; MTV;
AIDS; Computerized games/emergence of
PCs; Challenger disaster; Wall Street/S&L;
Fall of Berlin Wall; Persian Gulf; Glasnost &
Perestroika
Visible members
George Stephanopoulis; Kurt Cobain; Jewel;
Brad Pitt; Michael Jordan; Matt Groening;
Neil Stephenson; Michael Dell
Music of their early
years
Disco; Rap; Raggae; Elton John; Bruce
Springstein; Tina Turner; Bon Jovi; Michael
Jackson; Guns n Roses; U2; Prince
The Nexters: 1980-2000
Popular names
Brandon and Crystal
AKA
Millennials; Generation Y; Generation
2001; Nintendo Generation; Generation
Net; Internet Generation
Defining events
Computers; Schoolyard violence; Oklahoma
City bombings; It takes a village; TV talk
shows; Multiculturalism; Girl’s movement;
McGuire and Sosa; 911; War on Terrorism
Visible members
Kerri Strug; Macauley Culkin; Tara Lipinski;
Chelsea Clinton; LeAnn Rimes
Music of their early
years
Alternative Rap; SKA; Remix; Jewel; Puff
Daddy; ALanis Morrisette; Toni Braxton; Will
Smith; Savage Garden; Spice Girls; Hanson;
Garth Brooks; Backstreet Boys; Brintney
Cross-Generational Success
• Motivation is key:
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Money
Power
Training and experience with influential people
Leisure time
Alternative schedules
Tradition vs. “breaking the mold”
Technology/newest hard and software
The End