Transcript Smart grid implementation in power system Subtitle

Bapuji S Palki, INCRC/PowerTechnologies, 15-11-2009
Protection Application – An Overview
Introduction
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July 17, 2015 | Slide 1
Electric Power Systems
Generation
Transmission
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Consumption
M
G
Generation
Distribution
Transmission
Distribution
Load
Offerings in ABB Power Products
High Voltage Products
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Medium Voltage Products
Transformers
Offerings in ABB Power Systems
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Substations
Grid Systems
Power Generation
Network Management
Protection & Control

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The main task for Relay Protection
U
I
C
E
• Protect people and property
around the power system
• Protect equipment, lines etc..
in the power system
• Separate the faulty part from
the rest of the power system
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K
MAIN REQUIREMENTS OF
PROTECTION ARE:
•
•
•
•
•
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SPEED
SENSITIVITY
SELECTIVITY
DEPENDABILITY
SECURITY
Fault Clearance System
Protection System
Circuit Breaker
CT
VT
Protection
Equipment
TE
DC-System
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Trip
Coil
Circuit
Breaker
Mechanism
Chronology of Protection

Technology history

Electromechanical

Solid state

Numerical

Distributed numerical
Electromechanical
Numerical
Solid-state
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Technology history
Electromechanical 1900 - 1965
- All types of protection
- High impedance busbar
protection
- Very short tripping times
if sufficient torque
- Good reliability in case of
adequate maintenance
Technology history
Electromechanical 1900 - 1965
The first time-overcurrent relay made by ABB, type
TCB, manufactured 1905
Induction type time over-current relay type RI from 1920
Line distance relay type RYZKC from 1940
Technology history
Solid state 1965 -1980
- No moving parts
- Reduced CT - burden
- Short tripping times
over wide ranges
- More algorithms possible
- Low impedance busbar
protection
- EMC
Technology history
Numerical 1980 - …
- All types of protection
- Optimized numerical algorithms
at increased long time stability
- Multifunctional units with less HW
- New availability concept
using benefit of self monitoring
- Communication / interaction with
Station- & Network control
Adaptive Protection
Technology history
SW Flexibility
Protection Library
CPU Capacity
I>
51
I>>
50
I>U<
51-27
U
60
I
87G
I
87T
I2
46
I TH
49
U>
59
U<
27
F<>
81
U/f
24
Z<
21
X<
40
Ucos
78
P<32
U0>
64S
CTRL
F<>
81
CTRL
0->I
79
I>
51
CTRL
I TH
49
SYNC
25
Logics
e.g. Z<3ph. needs 17%
Timer
Counter
Technology history
Combined Applications
Control (FunctionPlan)
Monitoring
U, I, f, P, Q
Protection
(Library)
87G
Id
21
Z<
32
P<-
59
U>
40
X<
What is Substation Automation ?
A combination of:
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
Protection

Monitoring

Control

Communication
What is Substation Automation ?

Substitution for conventional control panels

Substitution for other sub systems

A more efficient way of controlling your substation
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8
System Engineering Tool
The New Way
Station
Monitoring
System
Station HMI
Gateway
Station Clock
Communication only
during engineering
IED Tool
Station bus
Bay
Control
Web Client
Object
Protection
Control &
Protection
Multi Object
Protection
IEDs
Process bus
Merging Unit
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Merging Unit
Multi Bay
Control
Technology history
Synergy
Between:
Fast Microprocessor technology
and
Communication via
optical fibres
The goal of the IEC 61850 standard
Interoperability
The ability for IED’s from one or several manufacturer
to exchange information and use the information for the
their own functions.
Free Configuration The standard shall support different philosophies and
allow a free allocation of functions e.g. it will work
equally well for centralized (RTU like) or decentralized
(SCS like) systems.
Long Term Stability The standard shall be future proof, i.e. it must be able
to follow the progress in communication technology as
well as evolving system requirements.
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Technology history
Innovations thanks to new technologies
U/I
Combisensor
Conventional CT
Wide Area Monitoring System
Global measurements provided by a WAMS
improve voltage stability assessment
GPS synchronised current and
voltage phasor measurement
Im
U1
I3
Time resolution: <10-6 s
GPS
Satellite
Re
U3
Wide Area
Monitoring
Center
I1
U2
I2
PMU
Transmission Network
PMU
PMU
Im
Im
U1
I3
U3
I1
Re
U2
I2
U3
Im
Im
U1
I3
PMU
PMU
I1
Re
U2
I2
U1
I3
U3
I1
Re
U2
I2
U1
I3
U3
I1
Re
U2
I2
Traditional versus Smart Grids – a transition
Traditional Grid

Centralized power generation

Uni-directional power flow

Operation based on historical
experience
Smart Grids

Centralized and distributed power generation
(renewable)

Multi-directional power flow

Operation based on real time data
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List of B5 : WG reports

359 – Modern distance protection functions and applications
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355-fault and disturbance data analysis including intelligent systems

329-Guidelines for specification and evaluation of substation automation
systems
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326-the introduction of IEC 61850 and its impact on protection and
automation
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318-Wi-Fi protected access for protection and automation
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212-Report on survey to establish protection performance during major
disturbances
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200-Isolation and restoration policies against power system collapse

180-Communication requirements in terms of data flow within
substations
List of B5 : WG reports
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159 – Analysis and guidelines for testing numerical protection schemes
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140-Reliable fault clearance and back-up protection
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192-Protection using telecommunications
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012-Teleprotection
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128-Protection against voltage collapse
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049-Adaptive protections and control
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087-Maintenance and management of protection systems

084-Application of wide band communication circuits to protection
prospects and benefits

064-Application guide on protection of complex transmission network
configurations
List of B5 : WG reports

038 –Digital protection techniques and substation functions

013-Protection systems using telecommunications

011-Evaluation of characteristics and performance of power
system protection relays and protection systems

010-Use of equipment built in automatic testing self checking and
monitoring with a view to improving reliability

009-Final report on computer based protection and digital
techniques in substations

008-Harmonisation of protection policies for power stations and
generators and of protection policies for HV networks
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007-Nonconventional current and voltage transformers
List of B5 : WG reports
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402- High impedance faults
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401-Functional testing of IEC 61850 based systems
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307-Remote on-line management for protection and automation
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270-Autoreclosing and local system restoration
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246-The automation of new and existing substations: Why and how
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236-Conformance testing guide lines for communication in substation
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232-Optimisation of protection performance during system disturbance
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