Transcript What is Power Quality?

© ABB Power Technologies - 1 -
Guido Traversa,
Head of ABB
Medium Voltage Products
ABB at Cired 2005:
Products, systems and
services for power
quality
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The scope of ABB Power Technologies
Overview: Power Technologies
Power Technology Products
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HV
Products
MV
Products
Power Technology Systems
Grid
Systems
Transformers
Substations
Network
Management
Power
Generation

High-voltage and medium-voltage
products, distribution and power
transformers, product service

Turnkey substations, grid systems,
network management systems,
power plant control systems, service

Main customers: Utilities, Industries,
OEMs, Distributors and EPCs

Main customers: Utilities and
Industries

2004 revenues: $6.0 bn

2004 revenues: $3.7 bn

Employees: 26,000

Employees: 13,000
What is Power Quality?

Power Quality (PQ) is the degree to which the
delivery and utilization of electric power
affects the performance of electrical
equipment and loads
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Why is power quality so important?

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Different understanding
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Utility reports 1 outage in 5 years (utility
definition)

Customer sees outages on weekly basis
U.S. survey of industrial customers:
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38% of industrial customers claim the utility is
responsible for power quality
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12% are planning to buy power quality
equipment
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50% have power quality equipment
Power Quality problems
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Common power disturbances include:
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Voltage fluctuations and flicker
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Voltage dips, sags and swells
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Overvoltages
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Interruptions, harmonics,
unbalances and transients
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Reactive power excess
Can create problems such as:
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Loss of production and revenue

Process interruptions and damage
to equipment
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Higher energy costs

Loss of data
Distribution of voltage disturbances
100%
% of
87.0%
80%
Total events
60%
40%
7.4%
20%
4.7%
.7%
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0%
Sags
Impulses
Power Failures
Surges
* Source: M. Goldstein and P.D. Speranza

Voltage sags provide the vast majority of all power quality
problems
Power quality equipment for utilities and industries

Overall system reliability
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Interruptions
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Surge arresters
Voltage dips
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Static Var Compensation (SVC) and SVC Light
Overvoltages
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High Speed Transfer System (HSTS)
Voltage fluctuations, imbalances and flicker
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Distribution Management Systems / SCADA
Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), Integrated
power factor control (PFC)
Harmonics
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Passive and active filter capacitors
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High Speed Transfer System (HSTS)
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Switch from a faulty main feeder to an auxiliary feeder
within 30 -120 ms --> uninterrupted supply for sensitive loads
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Long experience in switchgear design and assembly
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Optimized system and fast controller
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No permanent losses
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Breaking fault current
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20,000 + transfer operations
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Low investment
Comparison of transfer systems
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HSTS (High Speed Transfer System), SSTS (Solid State Transfer Switches)
& MTS (Mechanical Transfer Switch)
.
MTS (classical)
HSTS
SSTS
Transfer time > 100ms
up to seconds
30ms
< 1 Cycle
No permanent losses
No permanent losses
High permanent losses
 limited applications
breaking fault current
breaking fault current
breaking load current
20.000+
transfer operations
20.000+
transfer operations
Unlimited transfer
operations
Non- optimized,
conventional controller
optimized system,
fast controller
Power electronics
additional c.b. needed
low investment
low investment
very high investment
Static Var Compensator (SVC) technology
SVCs compensate reactive power in a dynamic way
and minimize voltage variations
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ABB innovation:
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SVC Light:
IGBT valve is controlled
>10 times per half-period
Conventional SVC:
Thyristor valve is
controlled once per half-period
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VSVC
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25
35
45
time
TCR
55
65
x10 -3
IGBT modules
190
200
210
220
time
230
240
250
x10 -3
SVC applications
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Electric Arc Furnaces:
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Strongly fluctuating reactive power
consumption
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Nonlinear load on the grid
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A large source of voltage flicker,
harmonics, and voltage unbalance
In 2005, ABB registered $30 million in
orders for SVCs in steel mills
100 percent increase to 2004 period
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High speed trains
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Voltage unbalance due to large single
phase traction load
Grid connection of offshore wind farms
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Output power fluctuates depending on
wind speed
ABB will present a paper
on SVC application on
Thursday, June 9th at 11 a.m.
Surge arresters
 A complete
surge arresters portfolio from low voltage to high voltage
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Low voltage
up to 1kV
LOVOS
Medium voltage
up to 44kV
POLIM
ABB will present a paper on
surge arresters for railway
applications on Wednesday,
June 8th (Plenary Session S2)
High
voltage GIS
up to 800kV
AZ
High
voltage
AIS
44 - 800kV
EXLIM/
PEXLIM
HVDC, High
energyapplications
EXLIM, MXE
Network Manager – release 2 is launched
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ABB Network Manager/SCADA
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Real-time monitoring, control, and
operations of T&D networks and
generation plants
ABB unveils release 2 at Cired
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Enhanced operational reliability
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Enhanced cyber security

Updated distribution management
system functionality
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Real-time integration of distribution
information
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Conclusion
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At Cired 2005, ABB displays
products, systems and
services which enable
power quality for our utility
and industry customers
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ABB offers a complete range
of products and solutions for
every application, from high
voltage network down to low
voltage load
A global leader in power and automation technologies
that enable utility and industry customers to improve
their performance while lowering environmental impact