Transcript PowerPoint - Canola in the Classroom

© 2009 OSU Canola in the Classroom
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IPM uses all tools available for controlling pests
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Chemical, cultural, mechanical, and biological
tools
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Majority of any IPM takes place before seeding
canola
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Requires forward planning and good knowledge of
pest life cycles
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Pay attention to previous herbicide applications
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Canola has difficulty competing with established
weeds
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Once established, winter canola will suppress and
out-compete most annual weeds
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Varieties available for Fall planting and summer
harvest
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RR varieties contain in-plant tolerance to Roundup
herbicides
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Apply Roundup anytime from emergence throughout
pre-bolting
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Never apply once flowering has started
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1 to 1.5 pints per acre application rate
Henbit
Feral Rye
Rescue Grass
Jointed Goatgrass
Japanese Brome
Common Chickweed
Cheat
Italian Rye
Flixweed
Wild Oats
Field Pennycress
Volunteer Wheat
Shepardspurse
Left:
Bushy Wallflower
Below:
Tumble Mustard
Above:
Blue Mustard
Right:
Wild Mustard
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Can attack at any growth stage
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Soil borne
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Seed borne
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Air borne
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Most serious threat to canola
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Survives in infected seed, stubble
and on certain weeds.
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Black pimple-like structures-pycnidia
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Shallow white to gray lesions on the leaf or stem.
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Leaf spots are round to irregular and usually tan to
buff in color with pycnidia present
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Fungus
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Appears when warm, wet conditions occur during flowering
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First symptom-presence of prematurely ripened plants
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White moldy growth on surface of stem and pods
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Hard black structures(sclerotia) on stem near soil line
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Sclerotia germinate to produce golf-tee shaped structuresrelease spores
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Symptoms appear 10-14 days after infection
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Fungus
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All aboveground parts of the
plant are susceptible
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Black, brown, or gray spots on
the leaves, stems and pods
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Spots often surrounded by a light green or yellow halo
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Survives in infested crop residue, infested seed and
some weeds
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Phytoplasm-bacteria-like, plant
pathogenic micro organism
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Plants remain in vegetative state during
entire growing season
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Plants infected fail to set pods, produce blue green,
sterile, hollow bladders in place of normal pods
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Plants remain greener and taller than uninfected
plants at harvest
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Spread from plant to plant by the aster leafhopper
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Scouting should be done November through
harvest
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Insects reduce yields by defoliating plants or
attacking buds or seed pods
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Chemical pesticides are rarely economically or
environmentally justifiable
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Attack cotyledons at emergence
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Produce pits or shot holes in first true leaves
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Overwinter and attack canola in the spring
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Most important insect pest of
canola
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Green peach and Turnip aphids feed on the underside
of canola leaves
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Cabbage aphids colonize the terminal buds late in the
season
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Seed treatment as a preventative approach
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Canola can recover from aphid
infestation if caught early
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Cabbage aphids reproduce in
stalk inside the cluster of flowers
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Ladybugs have difficulty penetrating the cluster to
eat aphids
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Scout fields several times during flowering
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For every aphid per plant 0.5 pound of seed yield
is lost
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Start scouting after emergence
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Attack larger canola that was seeded
early
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Overwinter and feed in the crown in canola plants
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Larval infestations of crown can be mistaken for
winterkill
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To scout pull up a few plants and tap
the crowns on a sheet of white paper
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Problem during cold, wet
growing seasons
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Defoliate plants in the
spring and summer
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Treat if 5-10 false chinch bugs occur in
flowering racemes
Treat if 10-20 false chinch bugs occur on
racemes during early pod set
Fall infestations can cause stand loss