Transcript Document

Canola Quality Review
Canola Council of Canada 38th Annual Convention
Halifax, July 18, 2005
Dave Hickling
Canola Council of Canada
Quality = Value
Background and Assumptions
•
Canola is subject to commodity pricing due to high
global production
•
Canola is facing increased commodity competition from
soybeans and palm
•
Canola oil is a high value product in some markets
Quality = Value
Background and Assumptions
•
There are current opportunities (health, functionality) to
increase canola value
•
Canola quality weaknesses should be identified and
fixed
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Research and development will be value driven
Canola Quality Review Project Outline
1. Interview customers and industry to determine
quality components
•
•
What quality components currently provide value?
What new or different quality components would provide
value?
2. Review quality competitiveness
3. Analyze and prioritize quality components
4. Recommend improvements
Customer comments
United States
Oil
- Saturated fat content (< 7%) (Food labelling)
- Chlorophyll a concern
- Light, neutral taste positive for bottlers
- Nutritionists like fatty acid profile (“Perfect oil”) (Nutrition
guidelines, health claims)
- High stability canola positive as trans fat replacement (Food
labelling)
Meal
- Premium value in dairy feed
Customer comments
Japan
Seed
- Chlorophyll maximum: 20 mg/kg
- Moisture content: 7.0% - 8.0%
- Oil content minimum: 42.5%
- Keep free fatty acid levels low
Customer comments
Japan
Oil
- Appreciate light taste and low cooking odour
- Good iodine values (110 – 120 units) (mayonnaise)
- Saturated fat levels and health benefits of fatty acid profile not
currently perceived as a benefit
Meal
- Energy undervalued in Japan Feed Standards
- Generally considered a byproduct and is not well promoted
Customer comments
Mexico
Seed
- High oil content is important
- Chlorophyll is important
Oil
- Most canola oil is sold as vegetable oil – health benefits an
emerging issue
- Light taste and neutral flavour a benefit for vegetable oil use
Meal
- Generally get good value for meal
- Enhanced meal value for poultry would be beneficial
Customer comments
China
Seed, Oil
- High oil content is important
- Chlorophyll content more important as more oil is
RBD
Meal
- Canola meal value not generally appreciated due to
mixing with rapeseed meal
Customer comments
Pakistan
Seed, Oil and Meal
- Oil content versus Australian a concern in 2003
- Chlorophyll removal a technical problem
- Like protein content of Canadian canola
Canola Seed Quality
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•
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Oil content
Chlorophyll level
Moisture
Free fatty acids
Seed size
Variability
The average oil content of Canadian canola from 1994 to
2004 as per the Canadian Grain Commission Harvest
Survey. DeClercq, 2004.
Value of higher oil (and lower meal) content in canola seed
based on oil price of $600/t and meal price of $150/t.
Oil content %
Meal content %
Seed value $/t
Change $/t
Change %
40
60
$330.00
-$9.00
-2.7%
41
59
$334.50
-$4.50
-1.3%
42
58
$339.00
$0.00
0.0%
43
57
$343.50
$4.50
1.3%
44
56
$348.00
$9.00
2.7%
The average chlorophyll content of Canadian canola from
1994 to 2004 as per the Canadian Grain Commission
Harvest Survey. DeClercq, 2004.
Cost of removing chlorophyll from canola oil based on
the costs of bleaching clays, phosphoric acid treatment
and other processing costs.
Grade Green seed, %
Chlorophyll,
ppm
Chlorophyll removal
cost, $/t oil
1
2
10
$0
1
2
15
$0
1
2
20
$2
1
2
25
$5
2
5
30
$7
2
5
35
$10
2
5
40
$15
2
5
45
$20
3
10
50 +
$30
Canola Oil Quality
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Saturated fat level
Mono-unsaturated fat level
Polyunsaturated fat level
Erucic acid level
Functional characteristics: taste, stability
Other components: sterols and tocopherols
Non-food use functionality
Variability
The average saturated fat content of Canadian canola
from 1994 to 2004 as per the Canadian Grain Commission
Harvest Survey. DeClercq, 2004.
The relative amount of Brassica napus and Brassica
rapa planted in Western Canada from 1994 to 2004 as
per the Canadian Grain Commission Harvest Survey.
DeClercq, 2004.
Canola meal value
• Protein level
• Amino acid levels (lysine, methionine, histidine)
• Amino acid digestibility (heat damage, structural
matrix)
• Energy level (fibre content – carbohydrate
digestibility)
• Vitamins and minerals (choline, phosphorus,
selenium)
• Anti-nutrients (glucosinolates, phytate, tannins,
sinapine)
• Colour
• Variability
The average protein content of Canadian canola from
1994 to 2004 as per the Canadian Grain Commission
Harvest Survey. DeClercq, 2004.
Canola meal value
Canola meal is the second most popular
protein meal in world. Value is related to
soybean meal
- Canola meal has 75% the protein of 47% protein
soybean meal
- Canola meal has 80% - 90% the energy value of
dehulled soybean meal
- The price of canola meal usually ranges between
60% and 70% the price of soybean meal
Canola meal relative value to
soybean meal
Animal type
Relative value
(% soybean meal)
Broiler chicken
Layer chicken
55% - 65%
60% - 70%
Hog grower
65% - 75%
Dairy Cattle
70% - 85%
Canola meal value increase ($/T) with 10% nutrient
increase
Nutrient
Broiler
chicken
Hog
grower
Dairy
Protein:
35% vs 38.5%
$8
$3
$10
Lysine:
2.02% vs 2.22%
$3
$3
$0
Digestible lysine:
78% vs 88%
$3
$3
$0
Energy:
100% vs 110%
$15
$3
$2
Quality improvement priorities
Seed
- Higher oil content
- Lower chlorophyll levels
Oil
- Saturated fat content
- Extra value components (omega-3, tocopherols)
- Functionality (oxidative stability)
Meal
- Energy content
Direction of quality improvements
Quality improvement
Whole
industry
Seed oil content
Y
Seed chlorophyll level
Y
Seed moisture content
Y
Oil saturated fat level
Y
Oil fat profile / value components
Niche
market
Y
Oil functionality / stability
Y
Oil non-food use functionality
Meal protein (amino acid) levels
Y
Y
Meal energy level
Meal colour
Unclear
(Both?)
Y
Y
Methods to improve quality
Incentives / Penalties
• Market premiums
• Regulatory mandate ?
Mechanisms
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Breeding objectives (WCC/RRC)
Agronomic management
Regulatory (inspection and grading) standards (CGC)
Processing
Sourcing and handling management
Next steps
Further analysis
• Determine cost / benefit of key quality improvements
Industry consultation
• Provide quality improvement framework for industry
consideration
• Work with industry and regulatory authorities on mechanisms by
which to improve canola quality
Further analysis
Determine cost / benefit of key quality improvements
– Oil content: potential premium/discount system
• Logistical (segregation) issues
• Effect on other components in seed
• Study existing systems in other countries
– Chlorophyll content
• Reduction through breeding and/or agronomics
• Improved measurement or grading
• Improved handling
Further analysis
Determine cost / benefit of key quality improvements
– Saturated fat levels
• Variability by growing region
• Reset breeding objectives (?)
– Canola meal energy content
• Breeding (yellow seeded napus, other fibre reduction)
• De-hulling or other processing
• Enzymes
Thank you
www.canola-council.org