Transcript Document

Canola Meal – From Good to
Great
Dave Hickling
Vice President, Canola Utilization
Canola Council of Canada
CANOLA – Growing Great 2015!
Victoria, B.C.
March 22, 2007
Canola Meal is compared in
value to Soybean Meal
Canola meal is GOOD, but it could be BETTER or
even GREAT!
How?
Look to copy something GREAT, i.e. Soybean meal
Canola Meal
There are two ways to look at the current situation for
canola meal.
1. Meal does not have much value relative to oil;
therefore it does not make much sense to put effort
into increasing its value (there would be potential
tradeoffs with oil, ? cost/benefit, low priority). i.e. Put
all the effort into increasing oil.
2. Meal comprises almost 60% of the seed weight.
That’s too much to ignore, especially if oil values
drop in future. i.e. Look at the long term and
strengthen meal.
Canola Meal – the 4 F’s
Fertilizer
↑
Fuel ← Canola Meal → Feed
↓
Food
Canola Meal – the 5th F
Fermentation
Canola Meal – the 4 F’s
Feed
Canola meal is a great feed for dairy cattle –
increases milk production due to ideal amino acid
composition
Could be made even better for dairy cattle by
increasing rumen bypass – making more amino acids
available for the cow.
Canola Meal – Feed
Feeding canola meal to dairy cows will
increase milk production by 1.0 litre per cow
per day
Feeding canola meal to dairy cows will
increase milk production by 1.0 litre per cow
per day!!
Canola Meal – Feed
Canadian Canola Meal Exports to U.S.
Ag Commodity Research, Nov 28, 2005
Canola Meal – Feed
Canola Meal for Dairy
There is potential to increase its value for dairy cattle
by increasing rumen bypass protein – from 35% to
over 60%.
Some are doing this already.
Need to consider size of market for premium canola
meal for dairy cattle.
Canola Meal Feed Challenges
The increase in protein meal supply due to increasing
ethanol and biodiesel production is expected to disrupt
traditional canola meal markets and value.
Protein ingredients will be priced below grain.
Protein ingredients will be used as “filler” (energy source)
in animal feeds.
Canola meal will be used at high dietary inclusion levels
(25% - 30%) compared to current practice (10% - 15%)
There are technical challenges with high protein levels.
Canola Meal Components
Where is the potential to increase canola meal value
for pigs, poultry and fish?
Look at the composition of canola – be more like
soybean meal!
Canola Meal Components
Protein – good for animal feed and human food
- value as N source
Sugars, Starch – good for animal feed, fermentation
Cellulose – good for fermentation, would need
enzymes for monogastric (pigs, poultry) digestion
Other carbohydrates – some have value, some are a
problem
Canola Meal – Feed
Component, %
Soybean Meal
Canola Meal
Moisture
10
10
Protein
47
36
Oil
1
3
Ash
5
6
16
14
Cellulose
5
5
Lignin
1
8
Other carbohydrates
15
18
Total
100
100
Starch + Sugars
Canola Meal – Feed
Component, %
Canola Meal
Moisture
10
Protein
36
Oil
2
Ash
6
Starch
5
Sugar
9
Cellulose
5
Lignin
8
Oligosaccharides
3
Gums
3
Glyco – protein, oil, mineral
7
Other polysaccharides
6
Total
100
Canola Meal – Feed
• Hog and poultry
performance is
affected by lower
amino acid
digestibility in canola
meal compared to
soybean meal
Canola Meal – Feed
Pig growth rate vs digestible lysine in diet (Research summary
of soybean meal / canola meal comparisons. Early studies)
Canola Meal – Feed
Pig growth rate vs digestible lysine in diet (Research summary
of soybean meal / canola meal comparisons. Recent studies)
Canola Meal – Feed
Canola Meal processing temperature and NDIN (Newkirk,
2000)
NDIN, % Protein
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
70
80
90
100
Temperature, deg C
110
120
Canola meal
Soybean meal
Processing Alternatives for
Canola Meal
Alternatives to conventional DT (desolventizing/toasting) stage in
removing hexane after solvent extraction.
Toasting used historically in soybean processing. Value in
deactivating trypsin inhibitor. Adapted to canola processing with
few changes. Some early animal research showed value in
toasting canola meal to increase feed intake.
Recent animal work shows toasting has no value for canola
meal, in fact it does damage by reducing nutrient digestibility –
better to remove hexane by less aggressive means (flash
desolventization). Problem is cost: adapting current plants and
increasing capital costs of new plants for unproven value
(premiums from feed industry).
Canola Meal – Feed
Make canola meal like soybean meal if we want to increase its
value for pigs and chickens. Increase metabolizable energy by
at least 10%.
Increase energy content and digestibility
1. Breed for lower levels of indigestible components (larger seed size,
thinner hull, simplified carbohydrate structure)
2. Dehull (reduce lignin)
3. Reduce processing temperature (increase amino acid and energy
digestibility)
4. Enzymes (digest cellulose and other non-starch polysaccharides)
Be more like soybean meal!
Canola Meal – the 4 F’s
Food
Next speaker!
Canola Meal – the 4 F’s
Fuel
Thermal value almost as high as anthracite coal
(similar combustion value of protein and
carbohydrate)
Is currently used as fuel source, e.g. to power boilers
in crushing plants.
Canola Meal – the 4 F’s
Fertilizer
Canola meal contains N:P:K:S
Nitrogen: 5%-6%
Phosphorus: > 1%
Potassium: > 1%
Sulfur: < 1%
There are less expensive sources of fertilizer!
Canola Meal
Canola Meal
Other Industrial Uses
1. Fermentation (another “F”); carbohydrates for
ethanol production
2. Bioplastics from protein (biodegradability)
3. Coatings (water resistance)
4. Glue, adhesives (film formation resistance)
5. Paper (viscosity dispersions stabilization)
6. Emulsifiers (emulsion stabilization)
Possible Ways to Increase
Canola Meal Value
1. Increase value for dairy cattle: Increase bypass
protein
2. Increase value for poultry, pigs and fish: Increase
energy (more like soybean meal)
3. Extract high value components: protein isolates,
phytochemicals, antioxidants, bioactive peptides.
4. Fertilizer: niche (organic, natural) – not economic
5. Fuel: combustion (low value), fermentation (?
Value)
6. Other Industrial: niche or major?
Possible Ways to Increase
Canola Meal Value
Can we develop differentiated canola meal markets?
The feed market will likely continue to be the main
usage but value for this market must be increased.
What opportunities have the biggest payoff?
Let’s make canola meal GREAT!