Transcript 2006 Biology Released Test

2006 Biology
1. Which data point on the graph is probably
invalid?
4
5
25%
25%
4
3
25%
3
2
25%
2
1
1
2
3
4
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
2. Which method of fly control would be most
harmful to other organisms in the environment?
1. Spraying broadrange insecticides
2. Using fly traps
3. Planting
carnivorous plants
4. Releasing
sterilized male
flies
3
4
5
...
..
el
ea
si
ng
st
er
il
iz
e
d
ro
us
.
rn
iv
o
R
Pl
an
t
in
g
U
ca
si
ng
fly
tr
ap
ge
...
dra
n
br
oa
in
g
ra
y
2
Sp
1
s
25% 25% 25% 25%
3. In conditions of stress or fear, the human adrenal gland
may produce adrenaline. Which of the following is an
effect adrenaline can have on the body?
1. Increased blood
pressure
2. Decreased rate of
breathing
3. Increased
production of red
blood cells
4. Decreased heart
rate
4
5
e
rt
ra
t
..
he
a
tio
n
d
se
re
a
ec
se
d
cr
ea
In
uc
pr
od
of
ra
te
d
se
re
a
ec
D
3
D
...
pr
es
oo
d
bl
se
d
cr
ea
2
In
1
br
e.
..
25% 25% 25% 25%
4. After a culture of cells is allowed to multiply and is
viewed through a microscope, the cells are x-rayed with
high-energy radiation for less than 1/100th of a second.
After the radiation, many newly reproduced cells appear
different. What has probably occurred? 25% 25% 25% 25%
1
2
3
4
5
ac
ia
tio
n
ec
Sp
te
ria
li
nf
ec
tio
n
ut
at
io
n
M
B
C
on
ta
m
in
a
tio
n
1. Contamina
tion
2. Mutation
3. Bacterial
infection
4. Speciation
5. Which pair of structures best shows that plant
cells have functions different from animal cells?
1. Cytoplasm and
mitochondria
2. Chloroplasts and
cell walls
3. Nuclei and
centrioles
4. Ribosomes and
cell membranes
3
4
5
d
ce
ll.
..
le
s
m
es
an
d
R
ib
o
so
le
i
uc
N
an
ce
an
d
ts
la
s
hl
or
op
C
2
ce
nt
r io
..
ito
.
m
an
d
m
la
s
yt
op
C
1
ll.
..
25% 25% 25% 25%
6. Two plants are crossed, and the traits of height and
color are assessed in the offspring. The following cross
was conducted: TTPP x ttpp which of the following
choices correctly describes the offspring?
1
2
3
4
5
te
pu
nd
ta
ll
a
re
ll
a
A
A
ll
a
re
sh
or
ta
ar
e
ts
nd
sh
w
hi
o.
.
.
ta
.
pl
an
of
¾
¾
of
th
e
th
e
4.
ar
e
3.
ts
2.
rp
le
25% 25% 25% 25%
¾ of the
plants are
tall and
purple
¾ of the
plants are
short and
white
All are short
and white
All are tall
and purple
pl
an
1.
7. One strand of DNA could be as long as a football field if
it were stretched out lengthwise. One of the factors
allowing DNA to fit inside the nucleus of a cell is its ability
to---
1
2
3
4
5
ef
fe
a.
..
l..
.
at
ur
e
fr
om
ar
ht
ly
th
e
d
ve
ry
oi
lt
ig
C
to
d
te
n
Ex
B
re
a
k
ap
fo
rm
ar
ti
nt
o
se
p
a.
..
4.
ou
n
3.
en
2.
..
25% 25% 25% 25%
Break apart into
separate genes
Extend to form very
long, thin molecules
Coil tightly around
associated proteins
Denature from the
effect of an enzyme
D
1.
8. In an experiment, the height of several plants was
recorded daily in millimeters. Which tool would be the most
accurate and appropriate for this measurement?
1. Digital scale
2. Graduated
cylinder
3. Yardstick
4. Metric ruler
4
5
k
et
ric
M
rd
s
Ya
lin
d
cy
d
ua
te
ra
d
3
G
2
tic
er
e
sc
al
ta
l
ig
i
D
1
ru
le
r
25% 25% 25% 25%
9. According to the map, which animal would most
likely avoid cold waters?
1. Manatee
2. Walrus
3. Right
whale
4. Bottlenose
dolphin
B
do
ot
tle
R
no
s
e
ig
h
lp
h
tw
ha
in
le
s
al
ru
W
M
an
at
ee
25% 25% 25% 25%
1
2
3
4
5
10. In squash plants, yellow fruit (Y) is dominant to white
fruit (y). If two plants heterozygous for yellow fruit are
crossed, what are the possible genotypes of the offspring?
Yy only
YY, yy only
Yy, yy only
YY, Yy, yy only
3
4
5
ly
on
yy
on
,Y
y,
,y
y
YY
2
Yy
YY
,y
y
on
Yy
1
ly
on
ly
25% 25% 25% 25%
ly
1.
2.
3.
4.
11. Which statement is best supported by the
phylogenetic tree shown?
Species V is
still alive today
and is the
oldest species.
Species W is
still developing
from a prior
species.
Species X, Y, Z
became extinct
20 million years
ago
Species W first
came into
existence 10
million years
ago
1
2
3
4
5
..
am
e.
tc
fir
s
W
Sp
ec
ie
s
ie
s
ec
Sp
ec
ie
s
X,
W
Y,
is
Z
st
il
be
c
ld
e.
a.
.
..
...
al
iv
st
ill
is
Sp
ec
4.
Sp
3.
V
2.
25% 25% 25% 25%
ie
s
1.
12 Meiosis is the process by which gametes are produced.
In which of the following human organs does meiosis
occur?
3
4
5
nc
re
a
s
in
25%
Pa
2
Sk
Te
1
25% 25%
ve
r
25%
Li
Testis
Liver
Skin
Pancreas
st
is
1.
2.
3.
4.
13. When an animal eats, food stays in the stomach for a
period of time. When a unicellular organism, such as
Paramecium takes in food, the food is contained in which
organelle?
M
2
3
4
5
ol
e
cu
Va
le
u
uc
N
ito
ch
on
dr
io
la
s
hl
or
op
C
1
s
n
25% 25% 25% 25%
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Vacuole
t
1.
2.
3.
4.
2
3
4
5
25%
25%
Fr
og
Tu
Fi
1
25%
ir d
25%
B
Fish
Bird
Turtle
Frog
sh
1.
2.
3.
4.
rt
le
14. Heart Chambers in Different Animals. Which type of
animal is most closely related to a mammal, based on heart
structure?
15. Animals that are the least specialized generally stand
the best chance of survival when the environment suddenly
and drastically changes because they are able to---
1. Adapt to different
conditions
2. Mutate rapidly
3. Move from place
to place
4. Reproduce
abundantly
2
3
4
5
un
da
ab
e
R
ep
ro
du
c
fro
m
ov
e
nt
ly
..
p.
to
ce
pl
a
ut
at
e
M
M
1
A
da
pt
to
di
ffe
r
en
t
co
ra
pi
n.
..
dl
y
25% 25% 25% 25%
16. Ascidians are sac-like marine organisms. Their larvae have welldeveloped brains and dorsal nerve cords. This suggests that ascidians
should be classified with the--
Chordates
Annelids
Enidarians
Sponges
2
3
4
5
s
on
ge
Sp
En
id
a
ria
el
id
nn
A
rd
at
e
ho
C
1
ns
s
25% 25% 25% 25%
s
1.
2.
3.
4.
17. A student’s experiment showed that earthworms move
away from light. This statement should be classified as--
An inference
A hypothesis
A prediction
A conclusion
4
5
io
n
co
nc
lu
s
ic
tio
pr
ed
th
e
po
hy
A
A
3
A
in
fe
n
2
A
1
n
si
s
25% 25% 25% 25%
re
nc
e
1.
2.
3.
4.
18. What is the function of enzymes in biological
systems?
Enzymes act as
substrates when
the necessary
proteins are
unavailable
Enzymes act as
products to create
new chemical
reactions
Enzymes act as
catalysts to drive
chemical
reactions forward
Enzymes bond
with substrates to
create the new
reaction products
3
4
5
w
ith
nd
bo
ac
m
es
zy
zy
...
ta
l..
.
s
ta
s
ta
ac
m
es
ca
pr
od
...
bs
t..
.
su
s
zy
m
es
En
2
En
1
En
zy
m
es
4.
ta
3.
En
2.
25% 25% 25% 25%
ac
1.
19. The results of Pasteur’s experiment helped Pasteur to-Reject the
theory of
spontaneous
generation
Isolate the
virus
responsible
for smallpox
Produce a
vaccine
against
rabies
Convince
people to
cover food
1
2
3
4
5
le
pe
op
cc
ce
va
a
C
on
vi
n
e
uc
Pr
od
to
ag
in
e
re
vi
ru
s
e
th
...
...
..
sp
.
...
of
ry
ol
at
e
R
ej
ec
4.
th
eo
3.
Is
2.
25% 25% 25% 25%
tt
he
1.
20. Scientist hypothesize that oxygen began to accumulate
in earth’s atmosphere after the appearance of living things
with the ability to--
1. Form tissues
2. Reproduce
sexually
3. Photosynthesize
4. Breathe air
1
2
3
4
5
R
Ph
r
B
re
a
th
e
ai
iz
e
he
s
ot
os
yn
t
se
ep
Fo
ro
du
c
e
rm
tis
xu
su
e
al
ly
s
25% 25% 25% 25%
21. Fossils help scientists classify extinct species and
determine their relationships to current species. Fossils
provide the most information about extinct species’--
Habitats
Structures
Metabolism
Reproduction
3
4
5
n
ro
du
c
ol
is
tio
s
ur
e
ep
M
et
ab
R
2
St
ru
ct
ita
t
ab
H
1
m
25% 25% 25% 25%
s
1.
2.
3.
4.
22. Data about the climate in an ecosystem were collected
for 30 years. Which hypothesis about a population of
eagles could be made based on the climate data collected?
Eagle chick survival is
directly related to
annual rainfall amounts.
An outbreak of disease
in 1987 killed 82% of
the eagle population
Eagles remain with the
same mate throughout
their lifetime
Mortality of eagles from
pesticides after 1992
was less than 5%.
1
2
3
4
5
fr
..
gl
e
s
ith
of
ea
w
M
re
gl
es
or
ta
lit
y
m
ai
n
of
k
Ea
t..
ea
..
di
s
li
...
ou
n
A
Ea
gl
e
ch
i
ck
4.
tb
re
a
3.
iv
a
2.
25% 25% 25% 25%
su
rv
1.
23. As part of their training, biologists learn the history of
developments in their field of interest Which best explains
the importance of this education?
It allows scientists to rule out
models that have already
been tested.
It narrows their field of
research because most
important discoveries in
biology have already been
made.
It gives biologists an
understanding of their filed
so they can expand on
earlier knowledge
It provides background
information since most
conclusions from before
1950 have been disproven.
2
3
4
5
..
ro
u
kg
ba
c
de
s
pr
ov
i
It
gi
v
es
bi
ol
og
is
ts
ie
ld
rf
th
ei
an
...
o.
..
...
na
r
It
It
1
It
al
lo
w
s
ro
w
s
sc
ie
n
4.
to
3.
s
2.
25% 25% 25% 25%
tis
t
1.
24. Which of these organisms contains no
specialized cells?
Paramecium
Sponge
Jellyfish
Sea anemone
3
4
5
e
h
em
on
fis
lly
a
an
Je
Se
2
Sp
ra
m
ec
Pa
1
on
ge
25% 25% 25% 25%
iu
m
1.
2.
3.
4.
25. A mushroom and a humpback whale are alike
because both are--
Motile
Heterotrophic
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
2
3
4
5
U
ni
ce
llu
tic
Pr
ok
ar
yo
ic
et
er
ot
ro
ph
H
M
1
la
r
25% 25% 25% 25%
ot
ile
1.
2.
3.
4.
26. Which of the following choices is not a method of
preventing bacterial illnesses from spreading in a meatprocessing plant?
1
2
3
4
5
d
...
tr
...
an
to
W
nd
as
h
an
in
g
ha
tib
io
s
tic
s
w
he
si
ng
U
U
se
of
gl
o
ve
s
fw
or
k
tm
en
to
n
ar
...
...
25% 25% 25% 25%
Tr
ea
1. Treatment of work
areas with chemical
disinfectants
2. Use of gloves when
handling raw meat
products
3. Using antibiotics to
treat persons with
food poisoning
4. Washing hands and
utensils with hot
soapy water
27. Bivalves, such as clams, are found in salt water. The
clam captures food particles from water that flows over its
gills. Which of these is the best classification of the clam?
A filter feeder
A grazer
A chunk feeder
A decomposer
4
5
r
fe
e
m
po
se
de
er
gr
az
de
un
ch
co
k
A
3
A
2
A
fe
e
te
r
fil
A
1
r
25% 25% 25% 25%
de
r
1.
2.
3.
4.
28. Which of these could not be a virus?
1
2
3
4
5
25%
25%
J
25%
H
25%
G
F
G
H
J
F
1.
2.
3.
4.
29. An understanding of which of these best enabled
scientists to determine the approximate ages of fossils?
Physics
Genetics
Gravity
Radioactivity
ty
ct
iv
i
io
a
G
ra
v
s
et
ic
en
R
ad
G
ys
Ph
ity
25% 25% 25% 25%
ic
s
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
5
30. An important feature of modern classification
systems is that they--1. Apply only to
organisms that are
alive today
2. Can incorporate new
scientific discoveries
3. Group organisms
that live in the same
habitat
4. Can predict the
discovery of new
species
o.
..
th
e
ic
t
pr
ed
an
ro
u
di
sc
th
a
sm
s
w
ne
or
ga
ni
ra
te
rp
o
in
co
an
p
C
5
G
4
C
3
...
..
ni
s
or
ga
to
ly
on
ly
pp
2
A
1
t.
..
25% 25% 25% 25%
31. In an aquatic habitat, an example of
organisms from the pioneer community would be---
1. Water
reeds
2. Water
lilies
3. Grass
4. Algae
1
2
3
4
5
A
lg
a
e
s
ra
s
G
rl
at
e
W
W
at
e
rr
ee
d
ili
e
s
s
25% 25% 25% 25%
32. Based on the data in the table, what is the difference
between the mean number of sparrows and the mean
number of sparrows and the mean number of jays
observed at Willow Point between May 12 and May 16?
2
3
4
5
25%
36
25%
38
19
1
25%
48
190
48
38
36
0
1.
2.
3.
4.
25%
33. Some insects can stand on the surface of
water because water--
1. Has a high
specific heat
2. Has a high boiling
point
3. Is a good
evaporative
coolant
4. Is cohesive and
adhesive
4
5
...
ad
he
an
ve
ev
he
si
d
co
go
o
a
Is
d
ap
or
at
po
lin
g
bo
i
hi
gh
a
as
H
Is
3
iv
...
t
he
a
ifi
c
sp
ec
hi
gh
a
as
2
H
1
in
t
25% 25% 25% 25%
34. If transpiration stopped completely, how would
a plant’s homeostasis first be affected?
More carbon dioxide
molecules would be
taken in by leaves
Fewer sugars stored in
roots and stems would
diffuse into the soil
Carbohydrates would no
longer be formed
Water molecules would
not be released form
leaves
2
3
4
5
W
at
e
rm
..
w
ou
ol
e
cu
le
s
w
ou
l..
.
i..
.
ar
bo
hy
d
ra
te
s
st
or
ed
s
er
s
w
Fe
1
M
or
e
ca
rb
o
ug
ar
n
di
ox
4.
C
3.
...
2.
25% 25% 25% 25%
id
e
1.
35. The main difference between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells is that--
3
4
5
ha
v
ls
ce
l
tic
tic
ka
ry
o
ry
o
ka
...
e.
.
ls
ce
l
ce
ar
yo
ha
v
do
lls
lls
ce
tic
ar
yo
tic
Eu
Eu
2
Pr
ok
1
...
ar
e.
..
25% 25% 25% 25%
Pr
ok
1. Prokaryotic cells are
always much larger
2. Prokaryotic cells do
not have a plasma
membrane
3. Eukaryotic cells
have a smaller cell
nucleus
4. Eukaryotic cells
have more
advanced cellular
organization
36. Which of the following macromolecules are a
prominent part of animal tissues that function in insulation,
helping animals conserve heat?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
3
4
5
ac
id
s
ns
N
uc
le
ic
Pr
ot
ei
pi
d
Li
hy
d
ar
bo
2
C
1
s
25% 25% 25% 25%
ra
te
s
1.
2.
3.
4.
37. Cells from which of the following organisms
would be expected to contain cell walls?
Sponge
Cricket
Water lily
Paramecium
3
4
5
W
at
e
iu
m
rl
ke
t
ric
ra
m
ec
Pa
2
C
Sp
1
ily
25% 25% 25% 25%
on
ge
1.
2.
3.
4.
38. What characteristic do all living things share?
1. They contain DNA
2. They are made up
of many parts
3. They reproduce
by mitosis
4. They need
oxygen to survive
3
4
5
to
.
en
ox
yg
ed
ne
ey
ey
..
m
...
by
uc
e
ro
d
Th
2
Th
1
re
p
ar
e
ey
Th
Th
ey
co
m
ad
e
nt
ai
n
up
D
o.
..
NA
25% 25% 25% 25%
39. The chart shows the types of organisms and the
numbers of species collected from a local ecosystem.
According to these data, the ecosystem was most likely a--
2
3
4
5
25%
Sa
va
nn
a
er
t
25%
es
M
Tu
1
25%
ar
sh
25%
D
Tundra
Marsh
Desert
Savanna
nd
ra
1.
2.
3.
4.
40. A student researching a new discovery about the
activity of mitochondria could find the most current and
reliable information in a --
1. Cell biology
textbook
2. Newspaper
3. Scientific journal
4. Popular news
magazine
1
2
3
4
5
in
e
m
ag
jo
u
c
ie
n
ew
s
tif
i
az
rn
a
er
ap
rn
pu
la
N
ew
sp
Sc
Po
C
el
lb
io
l
og
y
te
xt
b
oo
k
l
25% 25% 25% 25%
41. The picture models a cellular metabolic process. The
main purpose of this process is to produce--
1. Phosphate
groups
2. Usable
energy
3. ADP
4. H2O
Ph
1
2
3
4
5
sa
U
os
ph
a
te
bl
e
2O
H
P
D
A
en
gr
ou
p
s
er
gy
25% 25% 25% 25%
42. A scientist designed an experiment to test the effect of
temperature on bacterial growth. Eh grew three different
cultures of the bacterium E. coli under three heat lamps at
different temperatures. What was the independent variable
in this experiment?
25% 25% 25% 25%
1. Length of the
experiment
2. Number of bacteria
3. Reproduction rate
1
2
3
4
5
Le
ng
ep
R
ra
tu
re
ra
te
Te
m
pe
n
tio
ro
du
c
fb
ro
um
be
N
th
of
th
e
ex
pe
r
ac
t
i..
.
er
ia
4. Temperature
43. Some plant roots grow with mycorrhizal fungi. The
fungi absorb water and minerals and pass them on to the
plant and receive carbohydrates from the plant. This is an
example---
3
4
5
m
Pa
ra
s
iti
s
n
om
pe
tit
io
m
C
2
ut
ua
lis
Pr
ed
1
M
Predation
Mutualism
Competition
Parasitism
at
io
n
1.
2.
3.
4.
25% 25% 25% 25%
44. Albino individuals lack all pigmentation so that their
hair and skin are white. This family tree shows that
albinism-Is carried
only by
females in
this family
Is a recessive
genetic trait
Is a sexlinked gene
Requires
both parents
to be albinos
1
2
3
4
5
t..
.
ne
re
n
ge
pa
d
ke
bo
th
-li
n
ui
re
s
se
x
a
Is
re
c
a
Is
Is
ca
rr
ie
d
es
s
iv
e
on
ly
by
ge
ne
tic
fe
m
...
4.
eq
3.
R
2.
25% 25% 25% 25%
...
1.
45. Which of the following is most effective in helping rain
forest plants trap sunlight so that light energy can be
converted to chemical energy?
Large leaf size
Large root size
Small stem
Small seed size
4
5
ze
ls
ee
d
si
ls
te
ro
ot
rg
e
Sm
al
3
La
2
Sm
al
si
ze
si
af
le
rg
e
La
1
m
25% 25% 25% 25%
ze
1.
2.
3.
4.
46. Some peeled pieces of apple were place in distilled
water and some in very salty water. The cells in the apple
pieces will--
1. Lose water in both
solutions
2. Gain water in both
solutions
3. Lose water in the
distilled water and
gain water in the
salty water
4. Gain water in the
distilled water and
lose water in the
salty water
..
th
e
di
in
th
e
n
at
er
ri
w
at
e
ai
n
se
di
s
st
i.
...
th
bo
in
at
er
w
ai
n
w
G
5
Lo
4
G
3
so
...
so
bo
th
n
ri
at
e
w
se
2
Lo
1
ti.
..
25% 25% 25% 25%
47. In the human body, muscle cells have an increased
need for energy during exercise. To help supply this
energy, the body will immediately increase-1.
2.
3.
4.
Food intake to increase the
substances available for
respiration
The need for waster products
to be retained
Activity in the nervous
system to stimulate intake of
carbon dioxide
The breathing rate to supply
more oxygen to cells for the
release of energy
48. In the diagram, which organism provides nutrients for
the largest number of other organisms?
2
3
4
5
al
25%
Se
h
pe
r
ap
Sn
er
rin
H
1
25%
fis
Seal
25%
lu
e
4.
25%
B
Herring
Snapper
Bluefish
g
1.
2.
3.
49. Which of these would be measured to determine the
density of the polar bear population in Canada?
1. The number of bears
per square kilometer
2. The total number of
bears seen per day
3. The mass of the
bears at the Arctic
Circle
4. The total number of
bears minus the
juvenile bears
fb
ro
um
be
to
ta
ln
of
th
e
as
s
e
e
...
..
ar
s
be
ro
um
be
ln
to
ta
e
m
Th
5
Th
4
Th
3
fb
s
ea
r
fb
ro
m
be
nu
e
2
Th
1
...
p.
.
25% 25% 25% 25%
50. Which phase of mitosis would be seen next?
1
2
3
4
5
25%
J
25%
H
25%
G
25%
F
G
H
J
F
1.
2.
3.
4.