Transcript The Human Body: The Excretory System

169 Digestive System Notes and Ws
2/17/15
Starter:
Digestive System Notes and Ws170
2/17/15
Application/Connection:
Digestive System Ws
Tu
Practice:
Glue notes here
Exit:
Explain what happens in the
mouth when you chew food.
The iron
aorta
Vena cava
Ventricle
plasma
Platelets
tissues
cells
hemoglobin
organs
marrow
vertebrae
cranium
Cartilage
Joints
sternum
component
of blood
February 17, 2015
AGENDA
Objective 7.12 B Identify
the main functions of the
systems of the human
organism, including the
circulatory, respiratory,
skeletal, muscular,
digestive, excretory,
reproductive,
integumentary, nervous, and
endocrine systems by
completing a skeletal system
worksheet
1. Starter
2. Digestive System Notes
3. Digestive System Ws
Table of Contents
Date
Lecture/ Activity/ Lab
Page
1/27
Cell State
1/28
Cell Comparison Booklet
1/29
Mitosis Notes
1/30
Mitosis Poster
2/2
Mitosis Sort and Review
2/3
Test Review
2/5-6
Body Systems Overview
2/9
Skeletal and Muscular system notes
2/10-11 Skeletal System Activity
2/12
Muscular System Ws
2/13-16
Muscular System Lab
2/17
Digestive System Notes and Ws
147-148
149-150
151-152
153-154
155-156
157-158
159-160
161-162
163-164
165-166
167-168
169-17
The Digestive System
and Nutrition
Important Vocabulary
• Digestion: The process of breaking
food down to be used by the body.
– Why is digestion important?
• Food must be broken down in order for our
body to be able to absorb all of the
substances important for daily functions.
• Food must small enough to be absorbed into
the blood and carried to the cells.
Important Vocabulary
• Digestion cont:
– Two types of digestion:
• Mechanical Digestion: occurs in the mouth
(chewing), and in the stomach (churning of
stomach muscles)
• Chemical Digestion: occurs through the use
of enzymes (substances which chemically act
on food to break it down) in saliva, the
stomach, in the small intestine
Important Vocabulary:
Organs of the Digestive
System
• Mouth: The first step in digestion is
actually getting the food into your
body.
– Teeth: mechanically break food down
into smaller pieces
– Saliva: softens food and chemically
breaks food down further
– Tongue: moves food around the mouth,
forms a bolus (ball of food)
Important Vocabulary:
Organs of the Digestive
System
• Esophagus: a hollow tube at the back
of the throat that connects to the
stomach.
– To prevent food from “going down the
wrong pipe” a flap of skin called the
epiglottis closes over the opening of the
trachea (windpipe) when we swallow
– Peristalsis: muscular contractions that
move food down the esophagus into the
stomach.
• Imagine squeezing a tube of toothpaste…
Important Vocabulary:
Organs of the Digestive
System
• Stomach: a hollow, J-shaped organ
located below the esophagus and
above the small intestine.
– The stomach uses both mechanical and
chemical digestion to break food
particles down.
• Mechanical digestion: 3 layers of muscles
• Chemical digestion: digestive or gastric
enzymes
Important Vocabulary:
Organs of the Digestive
System
• Small Intestine: responsible for
absorbing nutrients from food.
– First 1/3 of the S.I. :Bile from the gall
bladder and digestive enzymes from the
pancreas and walls of the small intestine
further break food down.
– Second 1/3 of the S.I.: contains fingerlike projections called villi
Important Vocabulary: Organs
of the Digestive System
• Small Intestine cont:
– Villi: increase the surface area of the S.I.
so that more nutrients can be absorbed
into the blood stream
Important Vocabulary:
Organs of the Digestive
System
• Large intestine: “large” because it is
wider in diameter than the small
intestine (about 3” vs. 1”).
Responsible for absorbing water
from undigested food.
– Material found in the large intestine is
mostly food that cannot be digested any
further and water.
Important Vocabulary:
Organs of the Digestive
System
• Large Intestine: 3 parts
– Colon: Absorbs water and nutrients
from food, as the material moves
through the colon it gets harder and
harder-turning into feces.
– Rectum: Stores feces. Feces move to
the anus by peristalsis.
– Anus: Eliminates solid waste from the
–
body
Other Organs
• Liver: produces bile, is located to the
right of the stomach.
– Bile: responsible for breaking down fats
• Pancreas: located behind the
stomach, and above the small
intestine.
– Secretes digestive enzymes
Gall Bladder: stores and excretes bile
169 Digestive System Notes and Ws
2/17/15
Starter:
Digestive System Notes and Ws170
2/17/15
Application/Connection:
Digestive System Ws
Tu
Practice:
Glue notes here
Exit:
Explain happens in the mouth
when you chew food.