Transcript Rob Toonan - SOEST - University of Hawaii

Using genetic techniques to guide management and
design of Marine Protected Areas
Rob Toonen
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology,
School of Ocean & Earth Sciences & Technology
University of Hawai'i at Mānoa
January 2008
Recent Sea Grant Awards:
2004-05 Marker development for Carijoa riisei ($9,986)
2004
2005
2005-06
2005-06
2006-07
$47,408
$74,933
$71,910
$92,552
$57,403
Supported personnel:
HURL
HURL
HCRI
HISC
WestPac
Sam Kahng
Daniel Wagner
Greg Concepcion
($344,206 total)
Resulting Publications:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
Kahng, S.E. & A. Salih. 2005. Localization of fluorescent pigments in a nonbioluminescent, azooxanthellate
octocoral suggests a photoprotective function. Coral Reefs 24(3):435-436.
Kahng, S.E. & R.W. Grigg. 2005. Impact of an alien octocoral (Carijoa riisei) on black corals in Hawaii. Coral Reefs
24(4):556-562.
Kahng, S.E. & J.E. Maragos. 2006. The deepest zooxanthellate, scleractinian corals in the world? Coral Reefs.
25(2):254.
Kahng S.E. 2006. Ecology and ecological impact of an alien octocoral, Carijoa riisei, in Hawaii. Ph.D. thesis,
University of Hawaii, p284
Concepcion, G., M. Medina & R.J. Toonen. 2006. Novel mtDNA intron primers from scleractinian corals. Molecular
Ecology Notes. 6:1208–1211
Wagner, D., S. Kahng & R.J. Toonen. 2007. New report of nudibranch predators of the invasive octocoral Carijoa
riisei in the Hawaiian Islands. Coral Reefs. 26:411
Kahng, S.E. & C. Kelley. 2007. Vertical zonation of habitat forming benthic species on the deep reef (60-150m) in
the Au’au Channel, Hawaii. Coral Reefs
Concepcion, G., M. Crepeau, D. Wagner, S.E. Kahng & R.J. Toonen. Online first. An alternative to ITS - a
hypervariable, single-copy nuclear intron in corals, and its use in detecting cryptic species within the octocoral genus
Carijoa. Coral Reefs.
Kahng, S.E., D. Wagner, N. Rothe, Y. Benayahu. In press. Sexual reproduction in Carijoa riisei (Octocorallia:
Clavulariidae) in Hawaii. Bulletin of Marine Science
Concepcion, G., S.E. Kahng, M. Crepeau, E.C. Franklin, S. Coles & R.J. Toonen. In review. Molecular data refute a
Caribbean introduction and suggest multiple origins for the invasive snowflake coral in Hawaii. Molecular Ecology.
Concepcion G.T., & R.J. Toonen. In prep. Microsatellite markers for 3 species of Hawaiian corals: Acropora
cytherea, Montipora capitata, and Fungia scutaria. Journal of Heredity.
Wagner, D. S. Kahng & R.J. Toonen. In prep. Evaluation of the specialist nudibranch Phyllodesmium poindemei for
possible biocontrol of the invasive snowflake coral Carijoa riisei in Hawaii. Journal of Experimental Marine
Biology and Ecology.
Wagner, D. S. Kahng & R.J. Toonen. In prep. Temperature and salinity tolerances of the invasive snowflake coral
Carijoa riisei in Hawaii, and implications for possible control. Marine Biology.
Kahng, S.E., Y. Benayahu, H. Lasker. In prep. Sexual reproduction in alcyonacean octocorals. Marine Ecology
Progress Series
Primary results from this work:
1) Quantified the spread and effect of Carijoa on native
Black Corals
Primary results from this work:
1) Quantified the spread and effect of Carijoa on native
Black Corals
2) Developed new genetic markers now adopted by NSFfunded Tree of Life Consortium
Primary results from this work:
1) Quantified the spread and effect of Carijoa on native
Black Corals
2) Developed new genetic markers now adopted by NSFfunded Tree of Life Consortium
3) Ecology of specialist predator and evaluation of potential
bio-control
Primary results from this work:
1) Quantified the spread and effect of Carijoa on native
Black Corals
2) Developed new markers now adopted by NSF-funded
Tree of Life Consortium
3) Ecology of specialist predator and evaluation of potential
bio-control
4) Refute the Caribbean origin of Carijoa in Hawaii, and
document native status of Carijoa in Pacific
"[Our] discovery of the sponge Desmapsamma anchorata and the octocoral Carijoa riisei on an
Indonesian reef enlarges the widespread dispersion of these invasive Atlantic species in the
Indo-Pacific area" Calcinai et al. 2004 JMBAUK 84:937-941.
Recent Sea Grant Awards:
2004-05 Marker development for Carijoa riisei ($9,986)
2004
2005
2005-06
2005-06
2006-07
$47,408
$74,933
$71,910
$92,552
$57,403
HURL
HURL
HCRI
HISC
WestPac
($344,206 total)
2003-04 Marker development for Opihi ($9,992)
2004-06
2006-07
2008-10
Supported personnel:
$88,540
$71,535
$800,000
SeaGrant
HCRI
NSF (in prep)
Chris Bird
Adam Baker
($160,075 total)
Resulting Publications:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
Toonen, R.J. & C.B. Wee. 2005. An experimental comparison of sediment-based biological filtration designs for
recirculating aquarium systems. Aquaculture 250: 244– 255.
Bird, C.J., B.S. Holland, B.W. Bowen, and R.J. Toonen. 2007. Contrasting population structure in three endemic
Hawaiian limpets (Cellana spp.) with similar life histories. Molecular Ecology 16:3173-3186.
Bird, C. E. & C. M. Smith. In review. Between the waves: the effects of wave-domination on physical and biological
patterns on a Hawaiian rocky shore. Limnology and Oceanography.
Bird, C.E., S. Karl & R.J. Toonen. In review. A method for standardizing estimates of FST within and among studies.
Evolution.
Bird, C. E., B. Holland, R. Cowie, and R. Toonen. In prep. Shell game: Geographic variation in the cryptic nature of
shell characters in Cellana exarata and Cellana sandwicensis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.
Bird, C. E. and R. J. Toonen. In prep. Identification and quantification of the larvae of three marine limpets in mixed
samples using quantitative PCR. Marine Ecology Progress Series.
Bird, C. E. & C. M. Smith. In prep. Complex algal mediated indirect interactions between an Indo-pacific sea urchin
and endemic Hawaiian limpet. Ecology.
Szabo, Z., B. Bowen & R.J. Toonen. In prep. Improved methods for preservation and extraction of DNA from
invertebrates. Coral Reefs.
Primary results from this work:
1) NWHI endemic Cellana melanostoma is not a valid
species
Primary results from this work:
1) NWHI endemic Cellana melanostoma is not a valid
species
2) Management of all 3 species as a single fishery is
unfounded
3) Population structure of each species differs dramatically
among islands – each island must be managed separately
Primary results from this work:
1) NWHI endemic Cellana melanostoma is not a valid
species
2) Management of all 3 species as a single fishery is
unfounded
3) Population structure of each species differs dramatically
among islands – each island must be managed separately
Primary results from this work:
1) NWHI endemic Cellana melanostoma is not a valid
species
2) Management of all 3 species as a single fishery is
unfounded
3) Population structure of each species differs dramatically
among islands – each island must be managed separately
4) Use of an exemplar species to represent ecosystems for
management or MPA design is highly unreliable
Recent Sea Grant Awards:
2004-05 Marker development for Carijoa riisei ($9,986)
2004
2005
2005-06
2005-06
2006-07
$47,408
$74,933
$71,910
$92,552
$57,403
HURL
HURL
HCRI
HISC
WestPac
($344,206 total)
2003-04 Marker development for Opihi ($9,992)
2004-06
2006-07
2008-10
$88,540
$71,535
$800,000
SeaGrant
HCRI
NSF (in prep)
($160,075 total)
2006-08 Genetic diversity & abundance for MPA design ($51,716)
2007-08
2007-12
$69,728
$1,498,879
Supported personnel:
HISC
ONR (pending)
Kim Weersing
Matt Dunlap
Chris Bird
Conventional wisdom:
Dispersal distance is positively correlated with
Pelagic Larval Duration (PLD).
n = 25, r2 = 0.61
n = 32, r2 = 0.802
(Shanks et al. 2003)
(Siegel et al. 2003)
Resulting Publications thus far:
1)
Weersing, K.A. & R.J. Toonen. In review. How well does pelagic larval duration really correlate with genetic
estimates of gene flow in marine systems? Ecology Letters.
(n=135, r2 = 0.028, p = 0.063)
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