Transcript 1. What is the study of interactions between

Ecology part 1
1. What is the study of
interactions between organisms
and the environment?
Ecology
2. Define biotic factor and give 2
examples.
– -Living (or once living) organisms
– -trees/plants
– -animals/humans
3.Define abiotic factor and give 2
examples.
• -nonliving parts of the environment
• -metal
• -plastic
4.What is the area an organism live
in called?
• habitat
5.What is another word for “role” of
an organism? Give 2
examples.
• -niche
• -food gathering
• -protection
6.Put the 6 levels of organization in
order from smallest to largest and
define each.
organism
population
ecosystem
Biome
Biosphere
7.What 4 factors can affect an
ecosystem?
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•
•
•
-climate change
-human activity
-change in population size
-intro. Of nonnative species
8.What is the total sum of the
variety of organisms in a
biosphere called?
• biodiversity
9.What 4 things can affect the
previous answer?
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-alteration in habitat
-hunting species to extinction
-introducing poisons/toxins
-introducing nonnative species
10.What is the # of various
habitats, communities and
ecological process in the world?
• Ecosystem diversity
11.What is the definition of species
diversity?
• The variety of species in an area
Woodland B
12. Define genetic diversity?
• The total sum of ALL of
the genes in the world
13. What are the 2 types of
relationships between
organisms?
• -Predator-Prey
• -Symbiosis
14. Which one is + for one
organism but – because it
results in death?
• Predator-prey
15. Define symbiosis and list the 3
types.
• -close & permanent relationship between 2
organisms (no killing)
• -mutualism
• -commensalism
• -parasitism
16. What type of symbiosis is a
win-win (++) relationship? Give
2 examples.
• -mutualism
• -Egyptian bird & Nile crocodile
• -Bees & flowers
17. What type of symbiosis is
beneficial for one organism, but
doesn’t bother the other (+0)?
Give 2 examples.
• -commensalism
• -Barnacles on a
whale
• -clown fish and
anemone
18. What type of symbiosis is
harmful (not directly deadly) for
one organism and beneficial for
the other (+-)? Give 2
examples.
• -parasitism
• -flea and dog
• -tapeworm in humans
19. What does an autotroph make?
• Its own food
20. What is another word for
autotroph and basically who are
autotrophs?
• -producer
• -plants
21. What is another word for
consumer and where do they
get their food?
• -heterotrophs
• -feeding on other organisms
22. Heterotrophs that eat:
• Only plants- herbivores
• Only animals- carnivores
• Both animals and plants- omnivores
23. Animals that feed on dead
animal bodies are known as
• scavengers or detritivores
• two examples are vultures and hyenas.
24. What are organisms that break
down and absorb nutrients from
dead organisms? Give 2 and
examples.
• -Decomposers
• -bacteria
• -fungi
25. What shows only one path of
energy flow?
• Food chain
26. What shows ALL possible
energy relationships?
• Food web
27. Why are food webs more
informational than food chains?
• They represent nature better than food
chains (several feeding relationships)
28. What is ALWAYS at the
beginning of both food chains
and food webs?
• Producers/autotrophs
29. What are the most vital parts of
the food web?
• Producers and decomposers
30. What are the levels starting
with primary?
• primary to
secondary
to tertiary
31. What are the steps called?
• Trophic level
32. What do arrows show? What
don’t they show?
• -direction of energy flow
• -what an organism eats
33. What shows the amount of
energy passed on in the food
chain?
• Energy pyramid
34. Comparatively, is more energy
stored in the organism or lost
as heat?
• More is lost in heat
35. __% of energy is passed to the
next level and __% is lost to
heat and the environment.
• 10%
• 90%
36. If there is 100 grams of energy
at the primary level,
approximately, how much is
going to be available at the
secondary level?
• 10grams
37. Where on the pyramid is the
energy the MOST plentiful?
• Producer/bottom