Transcript CRCT Practice December 1, 2014

CRCT
Practice
December 1,
2014
Google Earth and fossils
Vocabulary, December 1, 2014
30. Relative dating- dating a fossil based
on the layer of Earth it is found in
31. Carbon dating-dating a fossil by examining
the amount of carbon in it (most accurate way
to measure age of fossils)
32. adaptation- a SLOW change of the
genotype of an organism usually in response to
environmental changes; the genotype change
drives changes in the organism’s phenotype
33. variation – the slight difference of an
adaptive characteristic between organisms
of the same species. Ex: the zebras on
Madagascar 2; all giraffes have long necks
but not the same length
34. Mutations- a fast change in the
genotype; can be harmful or helpful to the
organism
Notes December 1, 2014
When forming a theory scientists have to use
facts.
FACTS are evidence we can see and touch in
order
to study the evidence.
Ex. Fact: fossils were formed from different
kingdoms
Fact: T Rex had a 6 foot tooth
SPECULATION is a guess made by scientists
based on facts.
Ex. Speculation: color of dinosaurs
Notes
December 1, 2014
Notes
Dec. 2, 2013
CRCT
Practice
Dec. 2, 2014
December 3, 2013
Today we will view the History Channel’s
video on fossils, fossil evidence,
and theories.
Write down 10 facts as you watch.
CRCT
Practice
December 3, 2014
Vocabulary December 3, 2014
35. homologous structure- structures that
are alike but found in more than one
species (ex. Number of cells, eukaryote,
prokaryote, number of legs, teeth shape)
36. vestigial organs- an organ (structure) that
was once fully developed and useable in an
earlier stage of the species; today this organ
is reduced and unusable
Notes, December 4, 2013
The theory of evolution was written by
Charles Darwin after his visit to the
Galapagos Islands.
The theory is based on these facts:
Fossil evidence found around the world
Observations of living organisms
(Galapagos Island finches and
tortoises)
Homologous structures- similarities in
present day organisms
Vestigial organs in present day organisms
DNA evidence
Notes, cont.
The Theory of Evolution states that all
organisms are changing to meet the
changing needs of their environment. The
strongest (most fit) of the species survives
and reproduces, passing their DNA on to
the next generation.
The changes in a species take a VERY LONG
time. The change is SLOW and GRADUAL.
This slow, gradual change is done through the
process of Natural Selection.
Read pages 177-185 in the new book.
CRCT PRACTICE
December 5, 2014
The fossil record is used as part of the
evidence for:
A.Gradualism
B.Absolute dating
C.Evolution
D.Fragmentation
Darwin observed:
• Population of organisms changed over time.
 More offspring are born into a population
than can survive into adulthood.
 There is competition for food, water, shelter,
and mates among members of the same
species.
 Starvation, disease, predation, and
environmental changes cause the populations
to change.
 Some organisms were especially adapted
for hunting.
 Some organisms were specially adapted for
surviving being hunted.
All organisms had adaptations to meet their
specific needs to get food and reproduce.
• There were variations among individual
organisms of the same species.
 These variations made some individuals
better able to survive than other members
of the same species living in the same area.
 The organisms with the strongest traits
survived and reproduced.
• Isolation of a species from its original environment
could cause new species to form. These new
species exhibited the adaptations (survival
characteristics) needed to survive and reproduce
in the new environment.
• Fossil evidence shows that organisms and the
Earth’s environment has changed slowly over
a long period of time.
Some species were no longer on Earth.
CRCT Practice
December 5, 2014
Which characteristic is common to all animals,
plants, protist and fungi?
A. ability to make their own food.
B. eukaryotic cells.
C. ability to move.
D. multicellular structure.
Today we will visit the Galapagos Islands
through an IMAX video.
•Write down 10 facts as we watch.
•These will be your ticket out the door
today.
• We will share the facts in class later.