Transcript CZM introduction

EEOS 326/726 – FALL ‘07
Coastal Zone
Management (CZM)
Instructor:
Prof. ANAMARIJA FRANKIĆ
Office Number: S/1/061
Telephone: 74415
Email Address: [email protected]
Web Page: CZM Syllabus, classes, assignments
http://alpha.es.umb.edu/faculty/af/frankic.html
Department Website: http://www.es.umb.edu/
COURSE OUTLINE
September 5 – December 14
Lectures: M-W
Reading assignments and discussions:
Fridays (11:30-12:20)
• Defining the coastal area; coastal facts; their unique
characteristics; coastal ecosystems and biodiversity – can we
zone them? And why do we zone coasts and oceans?
• Brief history of coastal zone management & planning
• CZM in USA: A federally funded and approved state program
under the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972.
The program reviews federal permitting, licensing, funding,
and development activities in the coastal zone for
consistency with state policies.
COURSE OUTLINE cont.
• Coastal management issues (e.g. uses of coastal
resources: conflicts and solutions)
• Concept of coastal zone management &
planning: ecosystem based management,
comprehensive planning; guidelines; institutional
arrangements; implementation; monitoring; and
evaluation;
• Case studies – ‘good, bad and ugly’…40 years of
CZM…? (examples from Boston Harbor, Croatia,
to Zanzibar…)
Course Assignments:
#1 - Coastal Case Study (5 pages max.): the case
study should describe a particular issue or problem
facing a coastal community preferable in MA (e.g.,
wetland loss/restoration, beaches loss, human
health, biodiversity loss, etc) or region in terms of
the available knowledge and sciences, and the
relevant state and federal policies or programs that
are currently in place to address the problem or
issue you select.
http://www.mass.gov/czm/
http://www.mass.gov/envir/massbays/pdf/sob2004.pdf
#2 - Policy Memo: 5-page “memo” should be
written as if the student is a policy analyst for a
state (e.g. MA CZM) or federal agency (e.g. EPA),
and should focus on: 1) a statement of the
problem, 2) how state or federal policy addresses
or fails to address the problem, and 3)
recommendations for program development in the
policy area.
• Example problems: Impacts from the MWRA discharge to
Massachusetts and Cape Cod Bays? Levels of toxic contaminants in
tissues of shellfish in Massachusetts and Cape Cod Bays? Restoration
efforts and improvements to coastal wetland areas? Invasive marine
species in MA and Cape Code bays; local beaches and human health
risks;
#3 (CZM726) - Marine Case Study (10 pages max.) From
a list of Species/habitats of Concern in MA/New England;
student is required to develop a profile for an animal/plant
species or habitat and the management regime that has
been established to protect the animal/plant or habitat.
This profile should include the following information:
1) general information on the “life cycle/ecology” of the
species/habitat;
2) general characterization of the abundance and
distribution of the species or habitat;
3) a characterization of the habitat needs/requirements
and/or migration patterns of the species;
4) a characterization of the relevant management plans
related to the selected species or habitat; and
5) a general overview and assessment of the future of
selected species or habitat in light of public policy.
Field Trips and Guest Lectures:
• Boston Harbor Islands - October 8?
• Winthrop Beach – October 3!
• Guests – September 24, 26 and 28
• Guests – October 17 and 19
Syllabus Schedule - Tentative:
Sept. 5-10- Introduction to CZM
Sept. 7 – Review paper: The fate of the ocean
Sept 12-17 – Coastal ecosystems
Sept 14 – Review papers: Valuing ocean ecosystems and The value of the beach;
Sept. 19-24-26 – Coastal ecosystems changes & global/local issues (Chapter 2)
Sept. 21- Review Paper: Boston Harbor – discussing class group project on selected island
Sept. 28 – Guest lectures – TBA
October 1-8-10 – Coastal management – brief history (40 years) and current issues – US & MA examples;
October 3 – Field Trip - Winthrop Beach
October 5 &12 – Review papers on CZM history and CZM in MA;
October 15 – Key Coastal management and planning techniques – Chapter 4
October 17 & 19 – Guest lectures - TBA
October 22 – first assignment due – review for exam
October 24 –mid term exam
October 26 & Nov 2 – Boston Harbor island class group project
October 29-31 – Key Coastal management and planning techniques (cont)
Nov. 5-7-9 – Evaluation and monitoring of CZM - Indicators
Nov. 12-14- 16– Sustainable aquaculture – case studies & step by step solution
Nov. 19 -26-28 – Sustainable tourism – case studied & step by step solution
Nov. 30 – MPAs – Stellwagen Marine Sanctuary – conservation issues and management
Dec. 3 – 5 – 7 – Success stories of implemented CZM plans
Dec 7 – second assignment due
Dec 10- renewable energies in coastal areas
Dec 11 – 12 – facing the future – discussion on recommendations, solutions and future directions
Take home final exam – Dec 17-21
http://www.na.unep.net/OnePlanetManyPeople
Stories are best told by using images – ‘when we see
we believe’ – using GIS satellite images (e.g.
Landsat since 1973) contribute to change the way we
perceive the environment and environmental
changes;
COASTAL FACTS
• The oceans cover 70 % of the planet’s surface area and marine and coastal
environments contain diverse habitats that support an abundance of marine
life; coastal zones account for 20 % of the world’s land area
• In the USA about 153 million people live in coastal counties (an increase of 33
million since 1980), and additional 12 million are expected in the next decade (NOAA
2005, R. Spinrad)
• Coral reef ecosystems are increasingly being degraded and destroyed
worldwide by a variety of human activities and by global warming
• Global harvests for marine fisheries have been above 80 million tonnes
per year since the latter half of the 1980s, with peak of 87 million tonnes in
1997 and 2000
• Mangroves extend over 18 million hectares (44 million acres) worldwide,
covering a quarter of the world’s tropical coastlines
UNEP-CBD 2005; GEO Year Book 2006; UNEP 2005
http://www.na.unep.net/OnePlanetManyPeople/powerpoints.html
Our growing population
Global Population
Change from
1900-2000
Shrimp farms replacing mangroves in
Gulf of Fonseca, Honduras
1987-1999: shrimp farms
and ponds have
mushroomed, carpeting
the landscape around the
Gulf of Fonseca, in
blocks of blue and black
shapes
http://grid2.cr.usgs.gov/One
PlanetManyPeople/THEMA
TIC/CoastalAreas.ppt#287,
5,Slide 5
Dramatic changes in
Huang He Delta, China
Images show the
mouth of the Yellow
River and the
emergence of a huge
parrot-headed
peninsula
• 1979-2000: Huang
He’s yellow color is
the result of huge
loads of sediments
Changes in Huang He Delta, China
• From 1989 to 1995
the Yellow River delta
area grew
• From 1995 to 2000
the Yellow River delta
area shrank
http://grid2.cr.usgs.gov/On
ePlanetManyPeople/THE
MATIC/CoastalAreas.ppt#
290,8,Slide 8
Credit: NASA Earth Observatory
http://www.na.unep.net/OnePlanetManyPeople/powerpoints.html
http://grid2.cr.usgs.gov/OnePlanetManyPeople/REGIONAL/Africa.ppt#294,21
Lake Chad 1972
2001
Shrinking Lake Chad shared by
Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon
Persistent drought has
shrunk the lake to about
a tenth of its former size
• 1972: Larger lake surface
area is visible in this image
• 2001: Impact of drought
displays a shrunken lake,
comparatively much smaller
surface area than in 1972
image
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/09/weekinreview/08basic.html?ref=science
RETREATING The Aral Sea in Central Asia, left, in 1967, has shrunk by
75 percent to its present size, right, because of water diversions.
Latest coastal news & Environmental
Changes Atlas
• http://na.unep.net/digital_atlas2/google.php
• http://www.thew2o.net/oceanForum.html
• http://www.defyingoceansend.org/enews/articles/sept_
changingcurr.html
• http://www.sfu.ca/coastalstudies/changingcurrents.htm
• http://www.globaloceans.org/igr-2/index.html
• http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/indonesia/a
ceh-andaman-tsunami-imagery.htm
• http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/09/weekinreview/08b
asic.html?ref=science