Transcript บทที่ 1 (คำนำ)

Principle of weed management
Prevention : cleaning, quarantine,
weed laws
 Eradication : complete suppression,
removal to total elimination a weed
species
 Control : reduce or suppress of weed
(density and species composition of
weeds)

7. วิธีการควบคุมวัชพืช methods of weed control

โดยไม่ใช้สารเคมี
 การใช้แรงงาน
 การใช้เครื่องจักรกล
 การเขตกรรมและจัดระบบนิ เวศของพื้ นที่/แปลงปลูกพืช
 การใช้ไฟ
 โดยการใช้สารเคมี
 การใช้ชีววิธี
 การจัดการวัชพืช
 การใช้ประโยชน์ จากวัชพืช
Tools used for weed control

Physical methods of weed control
 Hand
pulling and hoeing
 Fire, Flame
 Tillage (cultivation), reduce tillage, no  Biological control
– Natural enemies
tillage
– Grazing
 Mowing and shredding
– Mycoherbicides
 Chaining and dredging
– Allelopathy
 Flooding
 Chemical control
 Mulches and solarization

 Integrated weed
management
 Weed prevention :clean seed, manure,
Cultural methods of weed control
equipments & irrigation systems
 Crop rotation
 Crop competition
 Living mulches and cover crops
Principles for weed management systems




Incorporation of ecological principles
Use of plant interference / crop-weed
competition
Incorporation of economic and damage
threshold
Integration of several weed control
measures (techniques)
Conceptual model of a weed community
Crop
Biological factors
Physical factor
Cultural management factor
Dormant
weed seed
bank
Crop yield
Active weed
seed
Weed reproductive yield
Losses due to
Limiting factor
Cultivation
Predation
Toxic
herbicides
• Alter crop sp.
• Crop rotation
• Invasion of
other weed sp.
Non chemical methods of managing weeds
and the ecological principles
Ecological principle
 Reduce inputs to and increase output from soil
seed bank
 Allow crop earlier space capture
 Reduce weed growth and thus space capture
 Maximize crop growth and adaptability
 Minimize intra-specific competition of crop,
maximize crop space capture
 Maximize competitive effects of crop on weed
 Modify environment to render weeds less well
adapted
 Maximize efficiency of resource utilization by
crops
Non chemical methods of managing weeds
and the ecological principles
Weed management
 Prevention, soil sterilization, weed control
before seed set
 Early cultivation, using crop transplants, choice
of planting date
 Cultivation, mowing, mulching
 Choice of crop variety, early planting
 Choice of seeding rate , choice of row spacing
(plant density)
 Planting smother or cover crop
 Rotation of crops, rotation of control methods
 Intercropping