Transcript Speciation - Trimble County Schools

CLICKER QUESTIONS
For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION
Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Chapter 24
The Origin of Species
Click to edit Master title style
Click to edit Master subtitle style
Questions prepared by
Jung Choi
Georgia Institute of Technology
Michael Dini
Texas Tech University
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Biological Species
1. Two animals are considered members of different
species if they _____.
a) are members of different populations
b) cannot mate and produce viable, fertile offspring
c) are geographically isolated
d) live in different habitats
e) look different
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Biological Species
2. Cynotilapia afra, introduced at West Thumbi Island in Lake
Malawi in the 1960s, has split into two genetically distinct
populations, located at the north and south ends of the island.
How can scientists determine whether these populations are
now different species, according to the biological species
concept?
a) See whether the two populations are morphologically different
from each other: coloring, bone structure, and so on.
b) Determine whether captured individuals from the two different
populations will mate and produce offspring in a laboratory fish
tank.
c) Determine whether individuals from one population will
interbreed with individuals from the other population when
introduced into each other’s native habitats.
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Phylogenetic Species
3. According to the phylogenetic species concept,
what is a species?
a) a clone of genetically identical organisms
b) a population that is physically able to mate even if
there are no offspring or the offspring are infertile
c) a population that interbreeds and produces fertile
offspring
d) a set of organisms with a unique genetic history
e) a population with a distinct fossil record
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Mechanism of Reproductive Isolation
4. If the two populations of C. afra at West Thumbi
Island have different striping patterns, what might be a
likely mechanism contributing to speciation?
a) polyploidy
b) female mating preferences
c) differing habitat preferences
d) temporal isolation
e) mechanical isolation
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Species Concepts
5. Which species concept is least useful for
classifying prokaryotes?
a) biological species concept
b) phylogenetic species concept
c) ecological species concept
d) morphological species concept
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Mechanisms of Adaptation
6. In vertebrate radiation, exemplified by African
cichlids, modification of jaws occurs during adaptation
to different food sources. Such rapid modifications
could result from which of the following?
a) changing the expression of genes that control the
growth of different jaw bones during development
b) evolving new genes that generate new jaw bones
c) acquiring genes by hybridizing with other species that
exploit the same food source
d) individuals exercising their jaw muscles in different ways,
causing the jaws to grow accordingly
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Allopatric Speciation
7. Which population characteristic would make the
population more likely to undergo allopatric
speciation?
a) having a large number of individuals
b) being highly mobile
c) existing on the edge of the home range
d) having a relatively homogeneous home range
e) having a relatively homogeneous gene pool
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Speciation and Physical Environment
8. In what type of environment is a scientist most
likely to find examples of ongoing speciation?
a) areas that have a large range of altitudes, such as
mountains and deep valleys
b) areas such as large plains that facilitate migration of
animals
c) extreme physical environments that are marginal for
supporting life
d) areas that are already species-rich
e) areas that have undergone recent environmental
disturbance or change
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Reproductive Isolation Mechanisms
9. Sea urchins are broadcast spawners: They release
their gametes into the water, without courtship. Which
of these reproductive isolation mechanisms might
operate for sea urchin species?
a) behavioral isolation or mechanical isolation
b) gametic isolation or temporal isolation
c) habitat isolation
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Human Brain Evolution
10. A comparison of the human and chimpanzee
genomes shows that they are 99% identical, with very
few differences in protein coding genes. What
mechanisms may be responsible for evolution of the
human brain?
a) One or a few novel genes organized new brain structures.
b) The timing of the expression of brain development genes
altered.
c) Brain development genes acquired mutations that made
them more active in promoting brain growth.
d) Genes that had other functions acquired new functions in
brain development (exaptation).
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.