Transcript Basic Frog Anatomy

Basic Frog Anatomy
Posterior
the tail end of an organism, also may be
used to refer to the back or behind
something else. i.e. your backbone is
posterior to your bellybutton.
Anterior
the front end or in front of something else.
i.e. your teeth are anterior to your tonsils.
Tympanic membrane
the covering over the ear of the frog. Also
the eardrum in humans.
Nictitating membrane
the covering over the eye in a frog.
Dorsal
the back surface in an erect standing
animal, the upper surface in an animal
such as a fish or frog. The dorsal fin of a
shark is on its upper surface.
Ventral
the front surface of an erect standing
animal, the under surface in an animal
such as a fish or frog. An earthworm
crawls on its ventral side
Maxillary teeth
teeth found on the maxillary bone or upper
jaw.
Vomerine teeth
two knob-like, backward slanting teeth,
located on the upper jaw of the frog.
Eustachian tubes
tube leading from the throat to the inside
of the tympanic membrane of the ear. The
purpose is to equalize the pressure inside
the ear to that outside the ear. When you
yawn to pop your ears you are opening
your eustatian tubes to equalize the
pressure thus popping your ears.
Nostrils
opening through which the frog is able to
breath air.
Tongue-fly
catching device in the frog. Its attachment
in the front allows it to reach great lengths.
Gullet
horizontal opening in the center of the
mouth which leads to the esophagus and
then the stomach. Food is swallowed
through the gullet.
Glottis
a vertical slit in the bottom jaw just anterior
to the gullet. The glottis is the air passage
to the lungs.
Lymph nodes
structures found under the skin in the
lower jaw. The lymph nodes are part of the
immune system. They serve as disease
fighting stations. The swollen glands you
may get in your neck are lymph glands.
Ovaries
female reproductive glands which produce
eggs.
Oviducts
tubes which carry the eggs
Cloaca
a common reproductive, excretory organ in
the frog. A large section at the end of the
small intestine just before the anus.
Heart
organ responsible for the pumping of
blood throughout an organism.
Ventricle
the lower portions of the heart which
pump blood out to the body. The ventricles
will be very muscular due to the work
which they do.
Atrium
upper chambers of the heart which serve to
collect blood returning to the heart from
the body. Since they only pump blood to
the ventricles they will have much thinner
less muscular walls than the atria.
Liver
largest organ of the body produces and
stores many substances vital to the
existence of the organism. The frog has
three lobes to its liver.
Gall bladder
small greenish sack beneath the right lobe
of the liver which stores the bile produced
by the liver.
Bile
greenish liquid produced by the liver,
stored in the gall bladder. Its function is to
break down fats and oils.
Small intestine
coiled tube in which most of the process of
digestion and absorption of food occurs.
Stomach
temporary storage site of food in which the
process of digestion begins.
Esophagus
tube which serves as a passageway for
food from the gullet to the stomach.
Mesentery
transparent connective tissues which hold
internal organs in place.
Pancreas
narrow band of whitish tissue found at the
crook of the stomach. The pancreas
produces several digestive enzymes. In
humans the pancreas produces insulin.
Fat bodies
organs comprised of fat. These structures
will be the food source for the frog
throughout its winter hibernation. If your
frog has a great deal of fat body mass it
was probably fall when your frog met its
end.
Spleen
brown, bean shaped organ found below
the stomach on the left side of your frog. Its
function is to store blood cells.
Kidneys
two long reddish organs located one on
either side of the backbone. The kidney's
function is to filter the blood.
Testicles
male reproductive organs which produce
sperm
Lungs
located to each side of the liver lobes. The
lungs are quite small for an animal of this
size. Probably because the frog is also able
to breath through its skin.
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